Sapphire, the recognized birthstone of September, holds a prominent place in history, lore, and modern jewelry. Traditionally known for its captivating blue hues, sapphire encompasses a spectrum of colors, with red varieties classified as ruby. This gemstone has long been associated with royalty, faithfulness, and even believed to possess healing properties. This article will delve into the history, geological origins, gemological characteristics, symbolism, and care of the September birthstone, sapphire.
History and Lore
The history of sapphire stretches back millennia, with evidence of its reverence in ancient civilizations. Ancient Greeks and Romans believed blue sapphires offered protection from harm and envy. Within the elite circles of these societies, the gemstone was not merely ornamental but a safeguard against misfortune. During the Middle Ages, sapphire held a sacred significance for the clergy, symbolizing Heaven and adorning their robes. Ancient Persians held a cosmological belief, positing that the earth rested upon a colossal sapphire, responsible for the sky’s blue color.
Beyond its protective and spiritual associations, sapphire was also attributed with medicinal qualities. Medieval Europeans believed the gemstone could cure plague boils and alleviate eye ailments, even serving as an antidote to poison. These beliefs, while not scientifically validated, underscore the high esteem in which sapphire was held throughout history.
More recently, sapphire has maintained its association with nobility and romance. Before diamonds became the predominant choice for engagement rings, sapphires were frequently favored, particularly within royal families. A notable example is Napoleon Bonaparte, who gifted his fiancée a sapphire engagement ring in 1796. The late Princess Diana further cemented sapphire’s romantic appeal with her iconic 12-carat blue Ceylon sapphire engagement ring, chosen in 1981 from Garrard’s, the official jeweler of the United Kingdom. Her decision to select a ring available in the jeweler’s catalog, rather than commissioning a unique design, challenged royal traditions and made the gemstone more accessible.
Gemological Properties
Sapphire is a variety of the mineral corundum, an aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃). While commonly recognized for its blue coloration, sapphire actually occurs in a wide range of colors, excluding red, which is designated as ruby. The blue hue is typically attributed to trace amounts of iron and titanium within the crystal structure.
Sapphires are often found as rounded pebbles in riverbeds and are also mined from primary deposits in metamorphic and igneous rocks. The gemstone’s durability makes it suitable for everyday wear. While the provided sources do not detail specific hardness measurements, sapphire is known to be a very durable gemstone. Cleaning can generally be performed with warm, soapy water, with ultrasonic and steam cleaners considered safe for untreated, heat-treated, and lattice diffusion-treated stones. However, fracture-filled or dyed sapphires require gentler cleaning with a damp cloth.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, sapphire has been imbued with rich symbolism. Traditionally, the September birthstone represents sincerity, truth, faithfulness, and nobility. These attributes have contributed to its enduring popularity as a gift symbolizing enduring commitment and unwavering loyalty. The gemstone is also said to symbolize the soul, further enhancing its spiritual significance.
Beyond these traditional interpretations, sapphire is believed to possess calming and soothing properties. This association makes it a particularly meaningful gemstone for those seeking inner peace and emotional balance.
Sapphire in Jewelry
Sapphires are a popular choice for a variety of jewelry pieces, including rings, pendants, and earrings. The sources highlight the availability of sapphire rings crafted in sterling silver, often accented with simulated diamonds. These rings are frequently presented in elegant packaging, making them ideal gifts. Platinum plating over sterling silver is used to enhance durability and maintain brilliance. Due to the plating process, resizing may not be possible, necessitating custom orders to ensure a perfect fit.
Sapphire engagement rings have a long and distinguished history, favored by royal families for centuries. The gemstone’s durability and timeless elegance make it a suitable choice for a lifetime of wear. The availability of sapphire in various colors allows for personalized designs that reflect individual preferences.
Care and Cleaning
Maintaining the beauty of a sapphire requires proper care. Warm, soapy water is generally safe for cleaning, while ultrasonic and steam cleaners can be used for untreated stones. However, caution should be exercised with fracture-filled or dyed sapphires, which should only be cleaned with a damp cloth. This is due to the potential for damage to the filling or dye. Regular cleaning will help preserve the gemstone’s brilliance and luster.
Purchasing Sapphire Jewelry
When selecting sapphire jewelry, it is important to consider the quality of the gemstone and the craftsmanship of the setting. Look for pieces crafted from high-quality materials, such as sterling silver or platinum. Pay attention to the cut, clarity, and color of the sapphire, as these factors will influence its overall appearance. Reputable jewelers offer satisfaction guarantees and provide detailed information about the gemstones they sell.
Conclusion
Sapphire, the September birthstone, is a gemstone steeped in history, symbolism, and enduring beauty. From its ancient associations with protection and healing to its modern role as a symbol of love and commitment, sapphire continues to captivate and inspire. Its durability, versatility, and range of colors make it a cherished gemstone for generations to come. Whether chosen for its birthstone significance, its aesthetic appeal, or its symbolic meaning, sapphire remains a timeless treasure.