March is unique among the calendar months in possessing two recognized birthstones: aquamarine and bloodstone. While distinct in appearance and origin, both gems share a historical reputation for promoting well-being and offering protection to their wearers. Aquamarine, with its serene blue hues, evokes the tranquility of the sea, while bloodstone presents a more grounded energy with its dark green base speckled with red inclusions. This article will explore the history, geological origins, gemological properties, and symbolism of these two fascinating March birthstones.
History and Lore
Aquamarine boasts a long and storied history, admired by cultures across the globe for millennia. The name itself, derived from the Latin “aqua marinus” meaning “water of the sea,” directly references its captivating color. Ancient mariners believed aquamarine possessed the power to calm waves and ensure safe passage, carrying the gem as a talisman during voyages. Roman fishermen utilized aquamarine for protection, hoping for luck in their catches and safe travels by boat. Beyond seafaring lore, aquamarine was also associated with happiness in marriage and was believed to offer protection in battle and legal disputes. Ancient Sumerians, Egyptians, Hebrews, and Greeks all valued this gemstone, with examples found in Egyptian mummies and engraved designs adorning Greek gemstones.
Bloodstone, also known as Heliotrope and Ematille, also carries a rich historical significance. Throughout antiquity, it was employed as both a talisman and an amulet. The gem’s name and enduring symbolism are intrinsically linked to its appearance – the red spots within the stone were historically associated with the blood of Christ, leading to its reverence as a sacred stone. Ancient cultures connected bloodstone to warrior strength and endurance, believing its appearance symbolized courage and vitality.
Geological Formation and Sources
Aquamarine is a variety of the mineral beryl, placing it in the same family as emerald. The striking blue hue characteristic of aquamarine is attributed to the presence of iron within its chemical composition. Aquamarine crystals are inherently light and typically do not exhibit especially dark tones or saturations. Brazil is currently a primary source of aquamarine, but significant deposits are also found in Nigeria, Madagascar, Zambia, Pakistan, and Mozambique. Within the United States, aquamarine can be found in Riverside and San Diego counties in California, and Colorado, where it is designated as the state gemstone.
Bloodstone is a unique gem, formed as a combination of Jasper and Chalcedony. Its distinctive appearance – a dark green base punctuated with red flecks of iron oxide – gives it its evocative name. These red spots are the source of the “blood” imagery that has permeated its history and symbolism. Bloodstone is sourced from various locations worldwide, including India, Australia, Brazil, the United States, and Madagascar. Specimens colored only yellow are sometimes referred to as Plasma.
Gemological Properties
Aquamarine, a member of the beryl family, exhibits a hexagonal crystal system. Its color ranges from a greenish-blue to a pure blue-green, with larger stones often displaying more intense coloration. The gem is typically clear and free from inclusions, contributing to its brilliance.
| Property | Aquamarine |
|---|---|
| Mineral | Beryl |
| Color | Blue to Blue-Green |
| Crystal System | Hexagonal |
| Transparency | Transparent |
Bloodstone, a cryptocrystalline mixture of chalcedony and jasper, is typically found as a cabochon, a polished, rounded form. Its color is typically a dark green, often with varying shades, and is characterized by the presence of red spots caused by iron oxide inclusions.
| Property | Bloodstone |
|---|---|
| Mineral | Jasper & Chalcedony |
| Color | Dark Green with Red Spots |
| Transparency | Translucent to Opaque |
| Luster | Vitreous |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Aquamarine has long been associated with purity, clarity, and the calming influence of the sea. It is believed to help overcome the fear of speaking, fostering clarity and truthfulness in communication. Pale blue aquamarine is thought to aid in attracting lost love, while greenish-blue varieties are believed to assist long-distance travelers. Historically, aquamarine was thought to make the wearer unconquerable and amiable, and to quicken the intellect.
Bloodstone, with its dramatic appearance, is a symbol of vitality, courage, and protection. It is believed to enhance physical strength and resilience, acting as a protective talisman against negative influences. The stone’s connection to blood has historically imbued it with associations of healing and renewal.
Care and Cleaning
Aquamarine, with a Mohs hardness of 7.5 to 8, is a relatively durable gemstone suitable for everyday wear. It can be cleaned using warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals, as these may damage the stone.
Bloodstone, with a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7, is somewhat softer than aquamarine and requires more careful handling. It is best cleaned with a soft cloth and mild soapy water. Avoid abrasive cleaners and prolonged exposure to heat or sunlight, as these can fade its color.
Conclusion
Aquamarine and bloodstone, the birthstones of March, represent a compelling duality. Aquamarine embodies the serenity and clarity of the ocean, while bloodstone grounds the wearer with its earthy energy and associations with courage and vitality. Both gems boast a rich history, captivating beauty, and enduring symbolism, making them cherished treasures for those born in March and gemstone enthusiasts alike. Their distinct properties and lore offer a unique connection to the natural world and the enduring power of gemstones.