Labradorite is a captivating gemstone renowned for its iridescent play of color, known as labradorescence or schiller. While not a traditional birthstone, it holds significance for those born in several months and is associated with multiple zodiac signs. This feldspar mineral, first discovered in Labrador, Canada, has a rich history, intriguing geological origins, and is believed to possess transformative energies. This article will explore the history, geological formation, gemological properties, symbolism, and associated lore of this remarkable stone.
History and Lore
The story of Labradorite begins in the 18th century, around 1770, when missionaries discovered the stone in Labrador, Canada, and subsequently named it after the region. This discovery marked the beginning of Labradorite’s journey from a relatively unknown mineral to a prized gem for jewelry and collections. Legend recounts a warrior who freed trapped light from within the stone with his spear, leaving the remaining light to create the captivating iridescence we see today.
Beyond its Canadian origins, Labradorite has found cultural resonance in other parts of the world. In Welsh folklore, it is linked to Cerridwen, the Goddess of Inspiration and Knowledge, who governs prophecy, magic, death, and rebirth, and is considered a guardian of spiritual transformation. The stone’s association with the Northern Lights, particularly during the winter months, further enhances its mystical appeal. It has been used not only in jewelry but also in the production of glass, as a road-building material, and to enhance the durability of ceramics.
Geological Formation and Sources
Labradorite belongs to the feldspar group of minerals, specifically a variety of plagioclase feldspar. It forms in igneous rocks, typically in mafic (rich in magnesium and iron) intrusions. The iridescent effect, labradorescence, is caused by internal reflections of light within microscopic layers of different compositions within the stone. These layers, formed during a slow cooling process, diffract light, creating the vibrant flashes of color.
While originally discovered in Labrador, Canada, Labradorite is now found in various locations worldwide. Significant sources include the United States, particularly Oregon (where a subtype known as Oregon sunstone, exhibiting aventurescence, is found), South America, and Norway. Labradorite is often found in aggregate layers, which contribute to its unique optical properties. The skill required to cut and polish Labradorite to reveal its optimal “fire” or flash is well-known among lapidary professionals.
Gemological Properties
Labradorite is a semi-precious gemstone, distinguished from the “precious” stones of diamond, sapphire, ruby, and emerald. It registers a hardness of 6 to 6.5 on the Mohs scale, making it relatively soft and susceptible to scratching. Its chemical composition is (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈, representing a solid solution of calcium and sodium aluminosilicates.
The stone exhibits a range of colors, including gray-green, dark gray, black, and grayish-white. However, its most defining characteristic is its labradorescence – a shimmering play of color that can include blues, greens, golds, and reds. Stones displaying an exceptional degree of labradorescence are referred to as spectrolite. Labradorite’s structure is triclinic, and it exhibits a vitreous luster.
Here's a summary of its key properties:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Mineral Group | Feldspar |
| Composition | (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈ |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 6 - 6.5 |
| Luster | Vitreous |
| Color | Gray, Green, Black |
| Play of Color | Labradorescence |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Labradorite is often called the “Stone of Transformation,” believed to assist individuals through periods of change and growth. It is thought to boost intuition, protect against negative energy, and strengthen one’s aura. Many utilize it in meditation to stimulate imagination and calm the mind, fostering balance and clarity.
The stone is connected to several chakras, including the throat, third eye, and crown chakras. It is believed to clear blockages in the throat chakra, enhancing communication and self-expression. Labradorite is also thought to enhance intuition and psychic abilities through its connection to the third eye chakra, and to facilitate spiritual connection and enlightenment via the crown chakra.
Astrologically, Labradorite is linked to several zodiac signs. It is considered beneficial for Leos, enhancing their creativity and confidence; for Scorpios, providing protective qualities and revealing hidden truths; and for Sagittarians, supporting their adventurous spirit and quest for knowledge. It is also associated with Cancer, and spectrolite is considered lucky for Scorpio, Sagittarius, and Leo. Some astrologers recommend wearing Labradorite during significant Venus phases, while others link it to the planets Uranus or Pluto.
Alternative Birthstone Associations
While not a traditional birthstone, Labradorite has gained popularity as an alternative for several months. It is recognized as an alternative November birthstone and a phenomenal birthstone for those born on a Saturday. Furthermore, it has been associated with the months of February, March, June, July, August, September, and October, depending on the source.
The association with February and March stems from its connection to the Aurora Borealis, which is often visible during these months. This connection reinforces its reputation as a stone of light and transformation.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its moderate hardness of 6-6.5 on the Mohs scale, Labradorite requires careful handling and cleaning. It is susceptible to scratches and should be protected from abrasive materials. Cleaning can be performed with warm, soapy water and a soft cloth. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals, as these can damage the stone’s surface and diminish its labradorescence. It is best to store Labradorite jewelry separately from harder gemstones to prevent scratching.
Conclusion
Labradorite is a truly remarkable gemstone, captivating with its iridescent play of color and steeped in history and lore. From its origins in the Labrador region of Canada to its modern-day use in jewelry and metaphysical practices, Labradorite continues to fascinate and inspire. While not a traditional birthstone, its association with multiple months and zodiac signs, coupled with its believed transformative properties, makes it a cherished stone for many. Its connection to the aurora borealis and its symbolism of change and spiritual awakening solidify its place as a gemstone of enduring beauty and significance.