Howlite is a relatively recent addition to the world of gemstones, discovered in 1868 by Henry How, a Canadian chemist and mineralogist, in Nova Scotia, Canada. Named in his honor, this mineral is prized for its calming properties and often utilized as an affordable alternative to more valuable stones like turquoise. While its history is shorter than many gemstones, Howlite has quickly gained popularity for its aesthetic appeal, versatility in jewelry making, and perceived spiritual benefits. This article will explore the geological origins, physical properties, historical uses, and symbolic meanings associated with Howlite, drawing solely from available sources.
Geological Formation and Sources
Howlite’s formation occurs in specific evaporite deposits, resulting from the alteration of volcanic ash. These deposits are created when salt water evaporates within restricted spaces, such as basins containing limited water. The high concentrations of calcium and borosilicate present in these environments lead to the crystallization of Howlite. The crystal formations often resemble cauliflower, frequently displaying erratic, faded grey lines.
While initially discovered in Nova Scotia, Canada, Howlite is not exclusive to this location. Sources indicate its presence in the United States, Mexico, Germany, and Russia. The mineral is typically found in association with other minerals like gypsum, calcite, and quartz.
Gemological Properties
Howlite is a borate mineral with a Mohs hardness ranging from 2.5 to 3.5. This relatively low hardness makes it a particularly soft stone, susceptible to scratches. When fractured, Howlite exhibits uneven and conchoidal breaks, meaning the breaks are smooth, slightly concave, and curved, similar to the growth lines of a shell. It possesses a monoclinic crystal system.
In its natural state, Howlite is typically chalky white, though it can also be found colorless or brown. A notable characteristic is its ability to display sky-blue luminescence under ultraviolet (UV) light after prolonged exposure, though shorter exposures may result in a yellowish or off-white luminescence. The stone generally has a dull or earthy luster, described as sub-vitreous, meaning it lacks the glassy sheen of harder gemstones.
Due to its porous nature, Howlite is easily dyed, and is frequently colored to imitate turquoise. This practice is widespread, making dyed Howlite a common and affordable substitute for the more expensive gemstone.
History and Use
Unlike many gemstones with histories stretching back to ancient civilizations, Howlite’s story is comparatively recent. Its discovery in 1868 marked the beginning of its use, and it quickly gained traction in the 19th century as a substitute for turquoise and coral. This was due to its striking white color and ease of dyeing.
Historically, indigenous cultures have utilized Howlite for its ornamental and spiritual properties, carving it into beads, pendants, and decorative objects. It has been incorporated into jewelry and cultural artifacts for centuries, though its widespread use is a more modern phenomenon.
Today, Howlite continues to be popular in jewelry making. It is shaped into beads, cabochons, and pendants, and incorporated into necklaces, bracelets, earrings, and rings. Beyond jewelry, Howlite is also carved into figurines, sculptures, decorative bowls, and vases. Its porous nature even lends itself to use as a diffuser for essential oils.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Howlite is strongly associated with calming the mind and promoting patience. It is believed to facilitate connection to inner wisdom and intuition. Some sources suggest that Howlite can aid in spiritual transformation, helping individuals to overcome obstacles and achieve higher states of consciousness.
Specifically, turquoise-dyed Howlite is linked to the Zodiac sign of Sagittarius, believed to balance the sign’s quick pace and sometimes blunt communication style with calmness and clarity. The stone is thought to encourage positive thinking, optimism, and curiosity, qualities often associated with Sagittarians.
The stone’s white color is often interpreted as representing serenity, tranquility, and new beginnings. The presence of grey veins can add visual interest without detracting from the overall sense of peace.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its relatively low hardness (2.5-3.5 on the Mohs scale), Howlite requires careful handling and cleaning. It is easily scratched, so it should be stored separately from harder gemstones to prevent damage.
Cleaning Howlite can be done with a soft cloth and mild soapy water. Avoid harsh chemicals, abrasive cleaners, and ultrasonic cleaners, as these can damage the stone’s surface. Given its porous nature, prolonged exposure to water should be avoided.
Uses Beyond Jewelry
Beyond its aesthetic and spiritual applications, Howlite has several practical uses. Its porous nature makes it suitable for creating ornamental objects that can diffuse essential oils or fragrances. The stone is also commonly used in craft supplies, particularly in the creation of beaded jewelry. Howlite cabochons, with their polished, rounded tops, are often set into rings, pendants, and brooches, showcasing the stone’s unique veining and color variations.
Howlite and Turquoise Imitation
A significant aspect of Howlite’s story is its frequent use as a substitute for turquoise. Due to its similar appearance when dyed, Howlite provides a more affordable alternative to the highly prized turquoise gemstone. While some may view the dyeing process as diminishing its authenticity, colored Howlite remains a popular choice for those seeking the aesthetic of turquoise at a lower cost. The stone’s ability to be easily dyed also extends to other colors, making it a versatile material for creating a wide range of jewelry and decorative items.
A Stone of Recent Recognition
While Howlite may not boast the ancient lore of some gemstones, its recent discovery and growing popularity demonstrate its unique appeal. Its calming properties, aesthetic versatility, and affordability have made it a favorite among gemstone enthusiasts, jewelry makers, and those seeking a connection to spiritual practices. The stone’s journey from a relatively unknown mineral to a widely recognized gemstone highlights its enduring qualities and its ability to resonate with individuals seeking peace, tranquility, and inner wisdom.
Conclusion
Howlite, discovered in 1868, is a borate mineral known for its calming properties and frequent use as a turquoise imitation. Its relatively soft nature and porous structure require careful handling, but its aesthetic appeal and perceived spiritual benefits have made it a popular choice in jewelry and ornamental objects. While its history is shorter than many gemstones, Howlite has established itself as a versatile and accessible stone, appreciated for its serene beauty and connection to inner peace.