December is a month of celebration, and it is also rich in gemstone tradition. The month is associated with four birthstones: turquoise, tanzanite, blue topaz, and zircon. Each of these stones carries its own unique beauty, history, and symbolism, making them ideal choices for meaningful jewelry, especially necklaces. This article explores the properties, cultural significance, and practical care of December’s birthstones, focusing on the necklaces that feature these gems.
The Significance of December Birthstones
The tradition of associating specific gemstones with birth months dates back centuries, with roots in both ancient and modern traditions. The modern birthstone list was largely standardized in the 1950s by the American National Association of Jewelers (now the Jewelers of America), although some of the stones have been used for symbolic and spiritual purposes for millennia.
December is unique in that it has four official birthstones, each with its own distinct appearance and meaning. These include:
- Turquoise – Known for its striking blue-green hues and historical significance in ancient cultures.
- Tanzanite – A relatively modern discovery, prized for its vivid blue-violet colors and spiritual symbolism.
- Blue Topaz – A brilliant, color-stable gem that is both affordable and widely loved.
- Zircon – Available in a range of colors, with blue being the most popular for December.
Necklaces featuring these stones are not only beautiful but also rich in symbolism. They can serve as personal talismans, meaningful gifts, or even heirlooms, passed down through generations.
The History and Lore of December Birthstones
Turquoise: The Stone of Wisdom and Protection
Turquoise has been used for thousands of years, with evidence of its use dating back to ancient Egypt, Persia, and the Americas. The Egyptians referred to turquoise as the “stone of the gods,” often using it in amulets and jewelry to protect the wearer. In Native American cultures, turquoise was considered a sacred stone, representing health, harmony, and spiritual connection. It was often used in rituals and believed to bring clarity and protection.
Turquoise is also associated with communication and truth. In some traditions, it was worn to help the wearer express themselves more clearly and confidently.
Tanzanite: A Modern Discovery with Ancient Magic
Tanzanite was discovered in the 1960s in Tanzania, making it one of the most recently identified gemstones to be included in the birthstone list. However, its deep blue-violet colors evoke a timeless elegance that has made it a favorite among gem lovers. Tanzanite is often associated with intuition, spiritual awakening, and transformation. It is believed to help the wearer connect with their inner wisdom and higher self.
The stone’s discovery is also a remarkable story. Tanzanite was originally found in a remote area of Tanzania, and it quickly became popular due to its unique color and the fact that it is found nowhere else in the world. This exclusivity adds to its allure and value.
Blue Topaz: Clarity and Confidence
Blue topaz has long been associated with calmness, clarity, and emotional balance. It is believed to help the wearer stay centered and grounded, making it a popular choice for those who seek inner peace. Blue topaz is also linked to communication and truth, much like turquoise, and is often worn to enhance one’s ability to express themselves clearly and confidently.
Blue topaz is also a symbol of love and friendship, making it a popular choice for necklaces that represent relationships.
Zircon: The Sparkling Stone of Transformation
Zircon has been used in jewelry for centuries and is often mistaken for diamond due to its brilliance and fire. While zircon comes in a variety of colors, the blue variety is most commonly associated with December. Blue zircon is believed to promote spiritual insight and transformation, making it a powerful stone for those undergoing personal growth.
Zircon is also associated with the night sky and the stars, symbolizing the mysteries of the universe and the infinite possibilities of life.
Geological Formation and Sources of December Birthstones
Turquoise
Turquoise is a hydrated phosphate of aluminum and copper, with the chemical formula CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O. It forms in the oxidation zones of copper deposits, often in arid regions where water percolates through the rock and reacts with copper. The most prized turquoise is found in Iran (Persian turquoise), the United States (particularly in Arizona and Nevada), and Egypt.
Turquoise is relatively soft, with a hardness of 5–6 on the Mohs scale, making it porous and sensitive to chemicals. This is why turquoise is often stabilized or treated with resins to enhance its durability and color.
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is a variety of the mineral zoisite, with the chemical formula Ca₂Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)O(OH)₁. It is found only in Tanzania, specifically in the Merelani Hills near Arusha. Tanzanite’s deep blue-violet color is due to the presence of vanadium, and the stone is often heat-treated to enhance its color and remove any reddish or brownish tones.
Tanzanite has a hardness of 6–7 on the Mohs scale, which makes it relatively durable, though it is still a softer gemstone and should be handled with care.
Blue Topaz
Topaz is a silicate mineral with the chemical formula Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂. Blue topaz is one of the most popular colors of topaz and is often enhanced through irradiation and heat treatment to achieve its beautiful blue color. The most significant sources of topaz include Brazil, Nigeria, and the United States (especially in Colorado).
Blue topaz has a hardness of 8 on the Mohs scale, making it a durable and long-lasting gemstone, ideal for everyday wear.
Zircon
Zircon is a zirconium silicate with the chemical formula ZrSiO₄. It comes in a wide range of colors, including red, yellow, green, and blue. The blue variety is the most popular for December birthstones and is typically heat-treated to achieve its vibrant color.
Zircon is found in many parts of the world, including Australia, Thailand, Cambodia, and the United States. It has a hardness of 6–7.5 on the Mohs scale, making it a relatively durable stone, though it can be brittle and should be handled with care.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
December birthstones are not only beautiful but also rich in symbolism and meaning. They are believed to bring a variety of benefits to the wearer, both physically and spiritually.
Turquoise
Turquoise is often associated with protection, wisdom, and communication. It is believed to help the wearer stay calm and centered, even in stressful situations. In some traditions, turquoise is also associated with love and friendship, making it a popular choice for necklaces that symbolize relationships.
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is a powerful stone for spiritual growth and transformation. It is believed to enhance intuition and help the wearer connect with their higher self. Tanzanite is also associated with emotional healing and is often used to help process grief and release negative emotions.
Blue Topaz
Blue topaz is associated with calmness, clarity, and emotional balance. It is believed to help the wearer stay grounded and centered, even in difficult times. Blue topaz is also linked to communication and truth, making it a popular choice for those who want to express themselves more clearly and confidently.
Zircon
Zircon is associated with spiritual insight and transformation. It is believed to help the wearer see things from a new perspective and embrace change. Zircon is also associated with the night sky and the stars, symbolizing the mysteries of the universe and the infinite possibilities of life.
Caring for December Birthstone Necklaces
Proper care is essential for preserving the beauty and longevity of December birthstone necklaces. Each gemstone has its own unique care requirements, based on its hardness, porosity, and sensitivity to chemicals.
Turquoise Necklaces
Turquoise is a porous stone that is sensitive to chemicals, including lotions, perfumes, and cleaning products. It should be kept away from these substances to avoid damage. To clean a turquoise necklace, use a soft, damp cloth and gently wipe the stone. Avoid using ultrasonic cleaners or steamers, as these can damage the stone.
Turquoise should also be stored separately from other jewelry to avoid scratches. It is best to keep it in a soft pouch or a jewelry box with a soft lining.
Tanzanite Necklaces
Tanzanite is relatively soft and can be easily scratched or chipped. It should be handled with care and stored in a safe place to avoid damage. Tanzanite is also sensitive to sudden temperature changes, so it should not be exposed to extreme heat or cold.
To clean a tanzanite necklace, use warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid using ultrasonic cleaners, as they can damage the stone.
Blue Topaz Necklaces
Blue topaz is a durable gemstone with a hardness of 8 on the Mohs scale, making it ideal for everyday wear. It can be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Ultrasonic cleaners and steamers are also safe to use for blue topaz.
Blue topaz should be stored in a safe place to avoid scratches, but it does not require as much special care as some other gemstones.
Zircon Necklaces
Zircon is relatively hard but can be brittle, so it should be handled with care. It is best to avoid sharp impacts and to clean it with a mild soap solution and a soft cloth. Zircon should also be stored separately from other jewelry to avoid scratches.
Zircon is also sensitive to heat, so it should not be exposed to high temperatures or direct sunlight for extended periods.
Choosing the Perfect December Birthstone Necklace
When choosing a December birthstone necklace, it is important to consider the gemstone's properties, as well as its symbolic meaning. Each gemstone has its own unique characteristics, and the right choice will depend on the wearer’s preferences and needs.
Consider the Setting
The setting of a necklace can significantly impact the appearance and longevity of the gemstone. Tanzanite, for example, is best suited to earrings or pendants rather than rings, as it is more exposed to wear and tear. Turquoise and zircon are best in protective settings, while blue topaz can be showcased in more open designs.
Ask About Treatments
Many December birthstones, especially tanzanite and blue zircon, are treated to enhance their color and durability. It is important to ask about these treatments before making a purchase, as they can affect the value and appearance of the stone.
Check for Certifications
When purchasing a high-value gemstone like tanzanite, it is important to ask for a certificate of authenticity. This ensures that the stone is genuine and ethically sourced.
Choose a Meaningful Design
December birthstone necklaces come in a wide variety of designs, from simple and elegant to bold and dramatic. When choosing a necklace, consider the design that best suits the wearer’s style and personality. A meaningful design can make a beautiful and lasting gift.
Conclusion
December birthstone necklaces are more than just beautiful pieces of jewelry—they are rich in history, symbolism, and meaning. Whether you choose turquoise, tanzanite, blue topaz, or zircon, each stone offers its own unique qualities and charm. These necklaces make perfect gifts for loved ones or meaningful additions to your own jewelry collection.
By understanding the properties, care requirements, and symbolism of each gemstone, you can make an informed decision and choose a necklace that will be cherished for years to come. Whether worn for its beauty, its meaning, or both, a December birthstone necklace is a timeless and treasured piece of jewelry.