December boasts a remarkable array of birthstones – blue zircon, blue topaz, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and turquoise – each possessing a unique history, symbolism, and aesthetic appeal. These gemstones, celebrated for their vibrant colors and metaphysical properties, offer a diverse selection for those born in the final month of the year. This article will delve into the origins, characteristics, and significance of these December birthstones, exploring their journey from ancient lore to modern-day adornment.
A Legacy of Color and Significance
The tradition of associating specific gemstones with each month dates back to ancient times, with roots in medieval practices and biblical connections. These colored gems were believed to bestow blessings upon those who wore them, offering protection, health, and good fortune. December’s birthstones are no exception, each carrying a rich tapestry of cultural and historical significance. The modern birthstones for December include blue zircon, blue topaz, and tanzanite, while the traditional gems are lapis lazuli and turquoise. These stones are frequently incorporated into engagement rings, wedding bands, and necklaces, reflecting their enduring appeal and perceived brilliance.
Traditional December Birthstones: Lapis Lazuli and Turquoise
For centuries, lapis lazuli and turquoise have held prominence as the traditional birthstones of December. Lapis lazuli, with its deep azure tones, has long been associated with wisdom and royalty. Ancient civilizations revered it as a stone of truth and enlightenment, believing it enhanced intellectual abilities and stimulated a quest for knowledge. Its rich blue color evokes the vastness of the night sky, offering a sense of serenity and expansiveness.
Turquoise, characterized by its captivating blue-green hues, brings a sense of tranquility and positive energy. Revered for centuries across various cultures, it is often seen as a talisman for protection and a symbol of good fortune. It is believed to instill inner calm and foster creativity. The turquoise birthstone was thought to guarantee health and good fortune, and from the 13th century onward, it was believed to protect the wearer from falls, even breaking into pieces at the approach of disaster. Hindu mystics believed that beholding turquoise after a new moon ensured wealth.
Modern December Birthstones: Zircon, Topaz, and Tanzanite
The modern list of December birthstones expands the options to include blue zircon, blue topaz, and tanzanite. Each of these gems offers a unique shade of blue, reflecting the cool tones of the winter season.
Blue zircon is known for its brilliance and fire. Blue topaz, available in a range of shades from soft sky blue to rich ocean blue, is a popular and affordable choice. Tanzanite, a relatively recent discovery, is prized for its deep blue-violet color and exceptional pleochroism – the ability to display different colors when viewed from different angles.
Geological Origins and Sources
The sources of these December birthstones are geographically diverse. Turquoise has been mined for millennia, with ancient Egypt and China being early sources. The pharaohs and rulers of ancient Egypt adorned themselves with turquoise, and Chinese artisans carved it more than 3,000 years ago. Lapis lazuli’s origins are also ancient, with significant deposits found in regions historically associated with trade routes.
Tanzanite, however, is unique in its limited geographical origin. It is found exclusively in the Merelani Hills of Tanzania, hence its name. This rarity contributes to its value and desirability. The discovery of tanzanite was relatively recent; it was initially named ‘Blue Zoisite’ before being renamed in honor of its country of origin.
The origins of blue zircon and blue topaz are more widespread, with mining locations including Russia, South Africa, Botswana, Australia, and Brazil.
Gemological Properties
The gemological properties of December’s birthstones vary considerably. Turquoise is a semi-translucent to opaque gem, often exhibiting veins of matrix within its structure. Lapis lazuli is also opaque, characterized by its intense blue color. Zircon, topaz, and tanzanite, however, are typically transparent to translucent.
| Gemstone | Color(s) | Transparency |
|---|---|---|
| Turquoise | Blue to Green | Opaque |
| Lapis Lazuli | Deep Azure Blue | Opaque |
| Blue Zircon | Various Blues | Transparent |
| Blue Topaz | Sky Blue to Ocean Blue | Transparent |
| Tanzanite | Blue-Violet | Transparent |
While a detailed comparison of hardness and other properties requires data not provided in the sources, it is understood that durability varies among these stones. Fancy color diamonds, for comparison, possess exceptional hardness. December birthstones, however, vary in durability according to their individual properties.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, each of these gemstones has been imbued with symbolic meaning and metaphysical beliefs. Turquoise, as previously mentioned, is a talisman for protection and good fortune. Lapis lazuli is associated with wisdom, truth, and enlightenment.
Tanzanite is believed to inspire confidence, enhance focus, and promote success, aligning with the ambitious nature of those born in December. Its pleochroism is seen as a reflection of the wearer’s vibrant and multifaceted personality. Blue zircon and blue topaz are often associated with peace, tranquility, and clarity of thought.
Distinguishing Gemstones from Fancy Colored Diamonds
December birthstones differ significantly from fancy colored diamonds. While both offer a range of colors, December birthstones celebrate a variety of colored gems, whereas fancy colored diamonds highlight extraordinary hues within the diamond family. Diamonds possess exceptional hardness and often contain inclusions, while December birthstones vary in durability and typically do not have inclusions. December birthstones are rooted in ancient civilizations and cultures, while diamonds have their own historical importance. December birthstones are suitable for all types of jewelry, while fancy colored diamonds are often reserved for luxurious designs.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty of December birthstones. While specific cleaning instructions vary depending on the gem, general guidelines include avoiding harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, and extreme temperatures. Gentle cleaning with warm, soapy water and a soft brush is typically recommended.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones—zircon, topaz, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and turquoise—offer a rich mix of history and symbolism, making each unique for those born in this month. These stones are more than just beautiful; they reflect the wearer's personality and bring a variety of cultural significances. When choosing between these gemstones and fancy color diamonds, December's stones stand out with their vibrant colors and deep cultural roots, providing a distinct way to express individuality. Purchasing these gemstones requires careful research and consultation with experts to ensure quality and authenticity. Their unique traits demand thoughtful handling and care to maintain their beauty over time. As fine jewelry, December's birthstones are not only stylish but also connect wearers to historical and cultural narratives, enhancing both their aesthetic appeal and personal meaning.