June boasts a unique distinction among birthstone months, celebrated with not one, but three gemstones: pearl, moonstone, and alexandrite. However, for those born on June 14th, the captivating alexandrite takes center stage as the designated birthstone. Revered for its remarkable ability to shift color under different light sources, alexandrite embodies sophistication, mystery, and a rich historical legacy. This article will explore the origins, properties, symbolism, and significance of this extraordinary gem.
History and Lore
Alexandrite’s discovery is intimately linked to Russian history. The gemstone was first unearthed in the Ural Mountains of Russia in 1834, coinciding with the coming-of-age of Tsar Alexander II. In honor of this event, the mineral was named “alexandrite,” bestowing upon it a regal heritage and an association with prestige. Initially, alexandrite quickly gained favor among the Russian aristocracy, its unique color-changing properties mirroring the opulence and grandeur of the imperial court.
The initial Russian mines eventually became depleted, leading to concerns about the stone’s extinction. Fortunately, subsequent discoveries in Brazil revitalized the supply, ensuring that this captivating gem remained accessible to collectors and jewelry enthusiasts. The stone’s rarity, even with the Brazilian deposits, continues to contribute to its allure and value. Alexandrite was initially considered a replacement for pearl as the primary June birthstone, though all three gems remain valid choices today.
Geological Formation and Sources
Alexandrite is a variety of the mineral chrysoberyl, specifically the form responsible for its color-changing property. Chrysoberyl itself is a beryllium aluminum oxide (BeAl₂O₄). The color change is a phenomenon known as pleochroism, resulting from the gemstone’s ability to absorb different wavelengths of light depending on the viewing angle and light source.
The most prized alexandrite exhibits a vivid green to bluish-green hue in daylight or fluorescent light, transforming into a deep red to purplish hue under incandescent light. This dramatic shift is what sets alexandrite apart from other gemstones.
Historically, Russia was the primary source of alexandrite, specifically the Ural Mountains. However, as those mines became exhausted, Brazil emerged as a significant producer. While other locations have yielded alexandrite, these remain the most prominent sources.
Gemological Properties
Alexandrite possesses a unique combination of physical and optical properties that contribute to its desirability.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Composition | BeAl₂O₄ |
| Mineral | Chrysoberyl |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 8.5 |
| Color | Green/Red/Purple |
| Crystal System | Orthorhombic |
Its hardness of 8.5 on the Mohs scale makes it a durable gemstone suitable for various jewelry applications. Alexandrite is typically found in relatively small sizes, with most stones weighing less than 5 carats. Larger, high-quality specimens are exceptionally rare and command significant prices. The clarity of alexandrite can vary, with some stones exhibiting inclusions. However, these inclusions do not necessarily detract from the gem’s beauty, and can even serve as proof of its natural origin. The pleochroism, or color change, is the defining characteristic, and the more distinct and dramatic the change, the more valuable the stone.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Alexandrite is rich in symbolism, often associated with balance, harmony, and transformation. Its color-changing nature is seen as a metaphor for life’s journey, reminding individuals of the importance of adaptability and resilience in the face of change. Alexandrite is believed to instill a sense of equilibrium, guiding wearers towards decisions that align with their true desires.
The gemstone is also linked to intuition, creativity, and personal growth. Some believe that wearing alexandrite can boost these qualities, fostering a sense of self-awareness and empowerment. Alexandrite is considered a stone of luck and prosperity, representing intellect and good fortune.
Historically, alexandrite was associated with royalty and nobility, reflecting its rarity and prestige. Today, it continues to be valued as a symbol of sophistication and individuality. Pearls, another June birthstone, symbolize purity and innocence, while moonstone represents emotional balance. However, alexandrite’s unique color-changing ability sets it apart, making it a particularly captivating and meaningful choice for those born in June.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its relatively high hardness (8.5 on the Mohs scale), alexandrite is a durable gemstone. However, it still requires careful handling and cleaning to maintain its brilliance. Avoid exposing alexandrite to harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, or extreme temperature changes.
Cleaning can be performed with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Gently scrub the gemstone to remove any dirt or grime, then rinse thoroughly with clean water. Dry with a soft cloth. It is advisable to have alexandrite jewelry professionally inspected and cleaned periodically to ensure its longevity and maintain its beauty. Avoid storing alexandrite with other gemstones, as they may scratch or damage it.
Conclusion
Alexandrite stands as a truly exceptional gemstone, captivating observers with its remarkable color-changing properties and rich historical significance. Discovered in Russia and named in honor of Tsar Alexander II, this variety of chrysoberyl embodies sophistication, mystery, and a connection to royalty. Its durability, combined with its unique optical phenomenon, makes it a highly sought-after gem for jewelry and collectors alike. For those born on June 14th, alexandrite serves as a potent symbol of balance, transformation, and good fortune, a testament to the enduring allure of this extraordinary birthstone.