December is unique among the calendar months, boasting not one, but four recognized birthstones: Blue Topaz, Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Blue Zircon. All share a common thread – a captivating blue hue that reflects the winter season, yet each possesses distinct geological origins, historical significance, and gemological properties. This article will delve into the characteristics of each of these December birthstones, exploring their history, symbolism, and practical considerations for care.
A Quartet of Blue
The tradition of associating specific gemstones with birth months is relatively recent, standardized just over a century ago. However, the practice of attributing symbolic meaning and power to gemstones dates back millennia. December’s multiple birthstone options allow for a personalized connection, whether based on color preference, perceived meaning, or zodiac sign. The unifying factor remains the cool, calming presence of blue, a color often associated with tranquility, wisdom, and inspiration.
Tanzanite: A Modern Marvel
Tanzanite is the newest addition to the December birthstone family, officially recognized by the Jewelers of America in 2002. This relatively recent discovery originates from the Merelani Hills of northern Tanzania, a geographically limited source that contributes to its exclusivity. Tanzanite is a blue to violet variety of the mineral zoisite. Interestingly, most tanzanite is found as brownish zoisite and requires heat treatment to reveal the vibrant blue and violet hues for which it is prized. This heat treatment is a permanent process, and does not introduce any durability concerns.
Gemologically, tanzanite registers between 6 and 7 on the Mohs scale of hardness, making it susceptible to scratching and abrasion. It is recommended for settings in earrings or pendants, and requires careful handling when worn as a ring. Cleaning should be performed with warm, soapy water; ultrasonic and steam cleaners are not advised.
Turquoise: A Stone of Protection and Healing
Turquoise, a vibrant opaque gemstone, has a long and storied history, predating many of the other December birthstones in terms of cultural significance. Its name derives from the French phrase “pierre turquoise,” meaning “Turkish stone,” as the material was often imported to Europe through Turkey. While sources vary, turquoise is found in various parts of the world, though specific locations are not detailed in the provided sources.
Throughout history, turquoise has been revered for its protective qualities. Ancient Egyptians adorned themselves with turquoise, and it held a prominent place in the jewelry of pharaohs. It is a stone steeped in symbolism, often associated with good fortune and spiritual grounding.
Blue Topaz: A Symbol of Calm and Communication
Blue Topaz is a popular and readily available December birthstone. The sources indicate that it embodies a sense of inner calm and fosters creativity. Its color, ranging from soft sky blue to rich ocean blue, mirrors the winter season. Topaz, in general, is known for its clarity and brilliance.
The sources do not provide specific details regarding the geological formation or mining locations of Blue Topaz.
Blue Zircon: A Historical Gem Often Mistaken
Blue Zircon is another of December’s birthstones, though it is often confused with cubic zirconia, a synthetic diamond simulant. Natural zircon is a gemstone with a long history, valued for its brilliance and fire. The sources do not provide details on the geological formation or mining locations of Blue Zircon.
Gemological Properties: A Comparative Overview
While each December birthstone possesses unique characteristics, a comparison of their hardness provides insight into their durability and suitability for various jewelry settings. The Mohs scale of hardness measures a mineral’s resistance to scratching.
| Gemstone | Mohs Hardness |
|---|---|
| Tanzanite | 6-7 |
| Turquoise | Not specified |
| Blue Topaz | Not specified |
| Blue Zircon | Not specified |
The provided sources do not offer a comprehensive comparison of all gemological properties for each stone. However, the information available suggests that Tanzanite, with a hardness of 6-7, requires more careful handling than harder gemstones.
Historical Significance and Symbolism
The history of birthstones is intertwined with ancient beliefs and traditions. While the standardization of birthstones is a relatively modern phenomenon, the practice of associating gemstones with specific months or astrological signs dates back centuries. The sources highlight the historical use of Garnet (mentioned as a January birthstone for comparison) in ancient Egypt, where it was favored by pharaohs. Turquoise also boasts a rich history, adorning the jewelry of ancient civilizations and symbolizing royalty and divine wisdom.
The symbolism attributed to each gemstone varies across cultures. Blue Topaz is believed to instill calm and creativity, while Turquoise is associated with protection and good fortune. The sources do not provide detailed symbolic meanings for Blue Zircon.
Choosing a December Birthstone
With four options available, selecting a December birthstone can be a personal and meaningful experience. The sources suggest several factors to consider:
- Traditional vs. Modern Birthstones: Some individuals prefer to adhere to the traditional birthstone list, while others embrace the more modern additions.
- Color Preference: The varying shades of blue offered by each gemstone allow for a choice based on personal aesthetic.
- Birthstone Meanings: The symbolic meanings associated with each stone may resonate with an individual’s personality or aspirations.
- Zodiac Sign: Some prefer to align their birthstone with their zodiac sign rather than their birth month.
Care and Cleaning Considerations
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and longevity of any gemstone. As noted earlier, Tanzanite requires gentle handling due to its moderate hardness. Cleaning should be performed with warm, soapy water, avoiding ultrasonic and steam cleaners. The sources do not provide specific care instructions for Turquoise, Blue Topaz, or Blue Zircon, but general guidelines for gemstone care – avoiding harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures – are advisable.
Conclusion
December’s quartet of birthstones – Blue Topaz, Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Blue Zircon – offers a diverse palette of blue hues and a rich tapestry of history and symbolism. From the ancient origins of Turquoise to the modern discovery of Tanzanite, each gemstone holds a unique place in the world of gemology. Whether chosen for its aesthetic appeal, perceived meaning, or historical significance, a December birthstone serves as a beautiful and personal connection to the month of winter and the promise of new beginnings.