December is a unique month in the world of birthstones, boasting not one, but four official gems: Tanzanite, Zircon, Turquoise, and Blue Topaz. Each of these stones offers a distinct shade of blue, mirroring the cool tones of the winter season, and carries its own rich history and symbolism. From ancient traditions to modern discoveries, these gemstones provide a diverse range of options for those born in December, reflecting varied styles, budgets, and personal preferences. This article will delve into the origins, properties, and significance of each of these captivating December birthstones.
A History of Diverse Choices
The tradition of associating specific gemstones with each month of the year has evolved over time. Initially, many months were linked to a single stone, often based on ancient astrological beliefs or historical availability. However, as the gemstone market expanded and consumer preferences diversified, additional stones were added to many months, including December. According to the Gemological Institute of America (GIA), modern birthstone charts blend historical significance with contemporary choices, offering a wider selection of meaningful options. While Turquoise holds the longest-standing association with December, Tanzanite and Zircon were later additions, and Blue Topaz has become a popular modern choice.
Turquoise: The Ancient Protector
Turquoise is among the oldest known gemstones, cherished for millennia across numerous cultures. Its striking blue-green hues and perceived spiritual properties have made it a symbol of protection, wisdom, and good fortune. Ancient Egyptians, Persians, and Native Americans all prized Turquoise, incorporating it into jewelry, ceremonial objects, and amulets. Its enduring appeal stems from its natural beauty and the belief in its ability to ward off negative energy and promote well-being.
Zircon: A Sparkling Substitute
Zircon, often mistaken for diamond due to its brilliance, is another traditional December birthstone. While it occurs in a variety of colors – including golden, red, and clear – the blue variety is particularly popular as a December gem. Zircon’s exceptional sparkle and fire make it a captivating alternative to more expensive gemstones. Historically, Zircon was associated with strength and protection, and continues to be valued for its beauty and durability.
Tanzanite: The Modern Marvel
Tanzanite is a relatively recent addition to the world of gemstones, discovered in the foothills of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania in 1967. This gem is renowned for its breathtaking range of hues, from deep blue to vibrant violet. Its rarity – it is found in only one location on Earth – contributes to its value and desirability. Tanzanite is believed to represent transformation and enlightenment, strengthening intuition and enhancing spiritual growth. Its mesmerizing color aligns with the mystical beauty of winter skies. Tanzanite is considered the most valuable of the December birthstones due to its limited availability.
Blue Topaz: A Calming Presence
Blue Topaz is a popular modern choice for December birthstones, known for its clear, sky-blue to deep London Blue shades. While Topaz naturally occurs in various colors, the blue variety is often created through heat treatment of colorless Topaz. Blue Topaz symbolizes calmness, love, and clarity, making it a fitting gift for romantic occasions. Historically, the word "topaz" originates from the Sanskrit word "tapas," meaning fire, and was initially associated with strength and protection.
Gemological Properties at a Glance
The four December birthstones exhibit distinct gemological properties. Here’s a comparative overview:
| Gemstone | Chemical Formula | Color(s) | Hardness (Mohs) | Refractive Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turquoise | CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O | Blue-Green | 5-6 | 1.61 - 1.62 |
| Zircon | ZrSiO4 | Blue, Golden, Red, Clear | 6.5-7.5 | 1.81 - 2.02 |
| Tanzanite | Ca2Al3(SiO4)3(OH) | Blue, Violet | 6-7 | 1.619 - 1.662 |
| Blue Topaz | Al2SiO4(OH,F)2 | Blue | 8 | 1.609 - 1.625 |
These properties influence each gemstone’s durability, brilliance, and suitability for various jewelry settings.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Each December birthstone carries unique symbolic meanings and metaphysical beliefs. Turquoise is traditionally associated with protection, wisdom, and good fortune. Zircon is believed to promote prosperity and ward off negative energy. Tanzanite is linked to transformation, intuition, and spiritual growth. Blue Topaz symbolizes calmness, love, and clarity. These symbolic associations add depth and personal significance to the gemstones, making them meaningful gifts and cherished possessions.
Caring for Your December Birthstone
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and longevity of your December birthstone.
- Turquoise: Due to its relatively soft nature, Turquoise is susceptible to scratches and damage from harsh chemicals. It should be cleaned with a soft cloth and mild soap and water. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh cleaning agents.
- Zircon: Zircon is more durable than Turquoise but can still be chipped or scratched. Clean it with warm, soapy water and a soft brush.
- Tanzanite: Tanzanite is sensitive to heat and sudden temperature changes. It should be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft cloth. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and steam cleaning.
- Blue Topaz: Blue Topaz is relatively durable but can be scratched by harder materials. Clean it with warm, soapy water and a soft brush.
Regular cleaning and careful handling will ensure that your December birthstone remains vibrant and beautiful for years to come.
Selecting the Perfect Stone
Choosing the right December birthstone is a personal decision. Consider your individual style, preferences, and the symbolic meanings that resonate with you. Turquoise offers a connection to ancient traditions and natural beauty. Zircon provides a sparkling alternative to diamond. Tanzanite embodies rarity and spiritual significance. Blue Topaz radiates calmness and clarity. Each stone offers a unique and captivating expression of December’s winter charm.
Conclusion
December’s four birthstones – Tanzanite, Zircon, Turquoise, and Blue Topaz – represent a rich tapestry of history, beauty, and symbolism. From the ancient origins of Turquoise to the modern discovery of Tanzanite, these gemstones offer a diverse range of options for those born in December. Each stone possesses unique gemological properties, metaphysical beliefs, and care requirements, making the selection process a personal and meaningful experience. Whether you seek protection, wisdom, transformation, or calmness, a December birthstone is sure to captivate and inspire.