December boasts a unique distinction among the months: it is associated with not one, but three birthstones – Zircon, Turquoise, and Tanzanite. Each of these gemstones possesses a distinct history, geological origin, and aesthetic appeal, offering a diverse range of options for those seeking a meaningful and beautiful birthstone gift. This article will delve into the characteristics of each December birthstone, exploring their historical significance, gemological properties, and the symbolism they carry.
A Historical Perspective on December Birthstones
The tradition of associating specific gemstones with each month has evolved over centuries. While modern lists are relatively standardized, historical variations existed. Zircon, with a history stretching back millennia, is one of the oldest-known birthstones. Turquoise, valued for thousands of years across numerous cultures, also holds a long-standing place in birthstone lore. Tanzanite, however, is a more recent addition, discovered in the 20th century and quickly gaining popularity as a December birthstone.
The gifting of birthstone jewelry has long been considered a meaningful gesture, symbolizing affection, luck, and protection. As noted in contemporary guides, birthstone gifts offer more than just beauty and style, imbuing the piece with personal significance. This practice is particularly prevalent for occasions like Mother’s Day, anniversaries, birthdays, and milestones.
Zircon: The Ancient Gem
Zircon is described as a historic and marvelous gemstone, found within the Earth’s crust. While some sources mention radioactive properties, this detail is not expanded upon. This gemstone exhibits a wide range of colors, including blue, red, green, grey, yellow, and reddish-brown. Experts assess its hardness between 6 and 7.5 on the Mohs scale, indicating moderate durability.
Historically, zircon has been mined in countries such as Canada, Australia, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia, and others. The gemstone is often associated with prosperity and wisdom. It is a suitable choice for those seeking a gemstone with a rich history and a diverse color palette.
Turquoise: A Stone of Rarity and Value
Turquoise, a gemstone valued for millennia, is readily available in shades of turquoise, blue, blue-green, and green. Its hardness ranges from 5 to 6 on the Mohs scale, making it relatively softer than zircon or other commonly used gemstones.
The gifting of turquoise is said to signify the recipient’s special value and rarity. This gemstone has been prized for its beauty and perceived protective qualities for thousands of years. It is a popular choice for jewelry, particularly in Southwestern and Native American designs.
Tanzanite: The Dreamy Violet-Blue
Tanzanite is described as one of the rarest birthstones, and its discovery is relatively recent. Uniquely, gemologists find Tanzanite only in one location on Earth: the Kilimanjaro Mountains. This limited source contributes to its rarity and desirability.
The gemstone is found in blue, violet, and burgundy colors and possesses a hardness of 6.5 on the Mohs scale. Due to a lack of widespread knowledge about Tanzanite, some individuals may make poor choices when selecting its quality. It is considered a particularly special gift, capable of making the recipient feel as though their dreams have come true.
Gemological Properties: A Comparative Overview
The three December birthstones differ significantly in their gemological properties. The following table summarizes key characteristics:
| Gemstone | Chemical Composition | Color | Hardness (Mohs) | Mining Locations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zircon | Not specified | Blue, red, green, grey, yellow, reddish-brown | 6-7.5 | Canada, Australia, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia |
| Turquoise | Not specified | Turquoise, blue, blue-green, green | 5-6 | Not specified |
| Tanzanite | Not specified | Blue, violet, burgundy | 6.5 | Kilimanjaro Mountains |
These variations in hardness influence the gemstone’s suitability for different types of jewelry. Zircon, with its higher hardness, is more durable and suitable for everyday wear. Turquoise, being softer, requires more careful handling. Tanzanite falls in between, requiring moderate care to maintain its brilliance.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Each of these December birthstones carries its own set of symbolic meanings. Garnet, a January birthstone also mentioned in relation to December gifting, symbolizes love and loyalty. Amethyst, a February birthstone, represents peace, clarity, and balance. Aquamarine, a March birthstone, embodies serenity and good fortune. While these associations are not directly linked to December, they highlight the broader tradition of attributing specific meanings to gemstones.
Turquoise is often associated with protection and good fortune. Tanzanite, as a relatively new gemstone, is still developing its established symbolism, but its rarity and beauty contribute to its perception as a special and valuable stone. Zircon, with its long history, is linked to prosperity and wisdom.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty of any gemstone. Zircon, with its moderate hardness, can be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Turquoise, being softer, requires gentler cleaning methods to avoid scratching. Tanzanite, while relatively durable, should also be cleaned with care, avoiding harsh chemicals or ultrasonic cleaners.
It is generally recommended to remove gemstone jewelry before engaging in strenuous activities or exposing it to harsh chemicals. Regular cleaning and professional inspection can help preserve the gemstone’s brilliance and longevity.
Choosing the Perfect December Birthstone
The choice between Zircon, Turquoise, and Tanzanite ultimately depends on personal preference and the desired symbolism. Zircon offers a historical connection and a diverse color range. Turquoise provides a unique aesthetic and a long-standing tradition of protective qualities. Tanzanite presents a rare and captivating beauty, symbolizing dreams and aspirations.
When selecting a birthstone gift, it is important to consider the recipient’s style, lifestyle, and personal preferences. The gemstone’s color, clarity, cut, and setting all contribute to its overall appeal.
Conclusion
December’s trio of birthstones – Zircon, Turquoise, and Tanzanite – offers a captivating array of choices for those seeking a meaningful and beautiful gift. Each gemstone possesses a unique history, geological origin, and symbolic significance. From the ancient allure of Zircon to the vibrant beauty of Turquoise and the rare elegance of Tanzanite, these December birthstones represent a diverse and captivating world of gemstones. Understanding their properties and symbolism allows for a more informed and personal selection, ensuring that the chosen gemstone truly reflects the recipient’s individuality and the giver’s affection.