The tradition of birthstones, associating specific gemstones with each month of the year, is rooted in a belief that these stones bestow fortunes and strengthen fortitude upon those born within their corresponding months. The allure of these colored stones is undeniable, captivating the eye with their varied hues, from the deep red of January’s garnet to the vibrant blues associated with December. December, uniquely, boasts not one, but three recognized birthstones: Tanzanite, blue Zircon, and blue Topaz, each with its own distinct history, properties, and symbolism. This article will delve into the origins, characteristics, and significance of these December birthstones, drawing upon available information to provide a comprehensive overview.
History and Origin of December’s Stones
The concept of birthstones has evolved over time. Initially, zodiac signs were more closely linked to specific gemstones, with these associations predating the modern monthly system. However, the standardization of birthstones as we know them today began to take shape in the 19th and 20th centuries. While Garnet has long been associated with January, the inclusion of Tanzanite as a December birthstone is a relatively recent development, formalized in 2002.
Prior to 2002, blue Zircon was the primary gemstone representing December. However, due to the increasing popularity and marketing efforts surrounding Tanzanite, it was added as a modern alternative. Blue Topaz also holds a place as a December birthstone, offering another vibrant option for those born in the final month of the year.
Tanzanite: A Recent Discovery
Tanzanite’s story is particularly compelling, as it is a gemstone of relatively recent discovery. Found only in the Merelani Hills of Tanzania, its introduction to the international market was largely driven by Tiffany & Co. in 1968. Recognizing the gem’s potential, the company launched a significant advertising campaign, naming it “Tanzanite” after its country of origin. This strategic marketing effort established Tanzanite as a desirable and internationally recognized gemstone. It is also commonly gifted on a 24th wedding anniversary.
Zircon: A Brilliant, Often Misunderstood Gem
Zircon, while often overshadowed by its more famous counterparts, is a gemstone with a long history and a wide range of colors. It is available in red, orange, brown, yellow, green, and blue varieties. The blue Zircon, specifically, is the traditional December birthstone. However, it is frequently confused with, and often replaced by, blue Topaz in jewelry due to its similar appearance and potentially lower cost. Zircon can be heat-treated to enhance or alter its color, a common practice in the gemological industry.
Blue Topaz: A Stone of Tranquility
Blue Topaz, a popular and readily available gemstone, is another option for those born in December. Its bright blue color evokes the serenity of the sea, and it is often chosen for its affordability and beauty. It is frequently featured in a variety of jewelry designs, from pendants to earrings.
Gemological Properties
Each of these December birthstones possesses unique gemological properties that contribute to their distinct characteristics.
Tanzanite: Possesses high clarity and vivid colors, making it a highly attractive gemstone. Its hardness falls within the range of 6 to 7 on the Mohs scale. It demonstrates resistance to heat, light, and common chemicals, making it suitable for use in earrings or pendants.
Blue Zircon: Exhibits a hardness of 6 to 7.5 on the Mohs scale. Proper treatment is required for everyday wear. It is also commonly heat-treated to produce different color variations.
Blue Topaz: Displays a Mohs hardness of 8, making it a relatively durable gemstone. Its bright blue color and clarity contribute to its appeal.
Here's a table summarizing the key properties:
| Gemstone | Color | Mohs Hardness |
|---|---|---|
| Tanzanite | Pale Blue | 6-7 |
| Blue Zircon | Bright Blue | 6-7.5 |
| Blue Topaz | Bright Blue | 8 |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, gemstones have been imbued with symbolic meanings and metaphysical properties. While specific beliefs vary across cultures, certain themes consistently emerge.
Garnet, the January birthstone, symbolizes faith, fidelity, and true friendship. It was historically worn for protection and boldness, and believed to possess medicinal properties.
Aquamarine, the March birthstone, is associated with the sea and believed to protect sailors. It is also thought to bring tranquility and promote a happy marriage.
Diamond, the April birthstone, represents purity and enduring beauty. It was once used as medicine and associated with both Jupiter and Venus in different cultures.
Amethyst, the February birthstone, is linked to tranquility and peace.
While the sources do not detail specific metaphysical beliefs associated with Tanzanite, blue Zircon, or blue Topaz, the general association of blue gemstones with calmness, serenity, and peace is a common theme. The color blue is often linked to the throat chakra, believed to facilitate communication and self-expression.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and longevity of any gemstone. The hardness of a gemstone is a key factor in determining its susceptibility to damage.
Tanzanite, with a hardness of 6-7, requires careful handling to avoid scratches and abrasions. It is best suited for earrings or pendants, where it is less likely to be subjected to impact.
Blue Zircon, also with a hardness of 6-7.5, benefits from similar precautions. Regular cleaning with a soft cloth and mild soap is recommended.
Blue Topaz, being harder at 8 on the Mohs scale, is more durable and can withstand everyday wear with proper care. However, it is still advisable to avoid harsh chemicals and ultrasonic cleaners.
Zodiac and Day of the Week Associations
Beyond monthly birthstones, gemstones can also be associated with zodiac signs and days of the week. Ancient astrologers believed that gemstones reflected the energies of the planets and constellations, connecting individuals to the heavens.
According to the provided information, the following gemstones are associated with specific zodiac signs:
- Aries: Red Jasper
- Taurus: Rose Quartz
- Gemini: Tiger’s Eye
- Cancer: Chrysoprase
- Leo: Rock Crystal
- Virgo: Citrine
- Libra: Orange Citrine
- Scorpio: Carnelian
- Sagittarius: Sapphire
- Capricorn: Onyx
- Aquarius: Turquoise
- Pisces: Amethyst
Furthermore, gemstones can be chosen based on the day of the week:
- Sunday: Gold Topaz
- Monday: Moonstone or Pearl
- Tuesday: Ruby or Garnet
- Wednesday: Turquoise, Sapphire, or Lapis Lazuli
- Thursday: Amethyst
- Friday: Emerald
- Saturday: Diamond
Conclusion
December’s birthstones – Tanzanite, blue Zircon, and blue Topaz – offer a diverse range of colors, histories, and properties. From the recent discovery and marketing success of Tanzanite to the long-standing tradition of blue Zircon and the enduring appeal of blue Topaz, each gemstone holds a unique place in the world of gemology. Understanding their origins, characteristics, and symbolism allows for a deeper appreciation of these beautiful and meaningful stones, making them cherished gifts and treasured possessions for those born in the final month of the year.