December is unique among the months, possessing not one, but a selection of captivating birthstones. Traditionally, December is associated with both lapis lazuli and turquoise, while modern lists include blue zircon, blue topaz, and tanzanite. This article will focus on the deep blue hues that define several of these December birthstones, exploring their history, geological origins, gemological properties, and cultural significance, with a particular emphasis on lapis lazuli and blue zircon.
History and Lore
The allure of deep blue gemstones has resonated throughout history. Lapis lazuli, with its rich azure tones, has been prized for millennia. Ancient civilizations considered it a stone of truth and enlightenment, believing it enhanced intellectual abilities and stimulated a quest for knowledge. Its use dates back to ancient times, adorning royalty and symbolizing wisdom.
Blue zircon also boasts a long and storied past. Derived from the Persian word "zargun," meaning gold-hued, zircon has been found in various parts of the world for centuries. In Hindu beliefs, it was associated with the Kalpa Tree, a divine tree said to fulfill wishes, symbolizing a connection to spiritual realms. During medieval times, blue zircon adorned regal crowns and jewelry, signifying luxury and divine protection.
The practice of associating specific gemstones with months of the year, and thus with birthdays, is an ancient one, with roots in medieval times. These colored gems were not merely decorative; they were believed to be blessed with unique properties, offering protection, good fortune, and enhanced well-being to those who wore them. This tradition continues today, with birthstones remaining a popular choice for jewelry and personal adornment.
Geological Formation and Sources
Lapis lazuli is unique among birthstones as it is not a single mineral, but a composite rock. It is primarily composed of lazurite, which provides its characteristic deep blue color. The presence of calcite introduces white streaks, while pyrite imparts a golden sparkle, creating a visual effect reminiscent of a starry night.
Zircon, on the other hand, is a mineral, and is found in various parts of the world. Notable deposits of zircon are located in Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Australia. Its formation occurs in igneous rocks and alluvial deposits.
Gemological Properties
Lapis lazuli possesses a Mohs hardness rating of 5 to 6, indicating moderate durability. This relative softness allows skilled artisans to carve intricate designs, showcasing its versatility beyond traditional faceting. The color of lapis lazuli ranges from royal blue to denim hues, with variations in intensity and saturation occurring within a single gemstone.
Blue zircon exhibits a vibrant color and a brilliance that makes it a popular choice for jewelry. While specific gemological properties beyond its color are not detailed in the provided sources, it is noted for its historical use in regal jewelry, suggesting a desirable luster and clarity.
The following table summarizes the key properties of lapis lazuli:
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Composition | Lazurite, Calcite, Pyrite |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 5 - 6 |
| Color | Deep blue to denim hues |
| Luster | Vitreous to dull |
| Transparency | Opaque |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Lapis lazuli has long been associated with wisdom and royalty. Its deep azure tones evoke a sense of serenity and expansiveness, connecting wearers to higher consciousness. It is believed to enhance intellectual abilities and stimulate a quest for knowledge.
Blue zircon, similarly, carries symbolic weight. It is thought to symbolize tranquility and wisdom, resonating with contemporary wearers seeking both aesthetic appeal and deeper meaning. In ancient times, it was associated with the sky and the divine, representing spiritual clarity and celestial guidance.
December birthstones, in general, are believed to reflect brilliance and possess metaphysical properties. They are often incorporated into engagement rings, wedding bands, and necklaces, suggesting a belief in their power to enhance relationships and bring good fortune.
Care and Cleaning
Maintaining the beauty of December birthstones requires careful attention. Lapis lazuli, being relatively soft, should be protected from scratches and stored separately to preserve its deep blue color. It should be kept away from harsh chemicals.
Zircon should be cleaned gently with mild soap and a soft brush. Avoid direct sunlight and harsh chemicals to maintain its color and brilliance. Topaz, known for its hardness, can withstand some exposure but should still be handled carefully and dried thoroughly after cleaning. Tanzanite should not be cleaned with ultrasonic cleaners or harsh chemicals, but rather with a soft brush and gentle soap. Turquoise, often found in vintage jewelry, requires careful handling due to its softer composition and should be stored in a jewelry box to prevent damage.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones, particularly lapis lazuli and blue zircon, offer a captivating blend of history, beauty, and symbolism. From ancient civilizations valuing lapis lazuli for its wisdom-enhancing properties to the regal associations of blue zircon, these deep blue gems have held a special place in human culture for millennia. Their enduring appeal lies not only in their aesthetic qualities but also in the beliefs and traditions that have been woven around them, making them cherished symbols of December and treasured possessions for those born under their radiant glow.