December boasts a unique distinction among the calendar months: not one, but three recognized birthstones – blue zircon, tanzanite, and turquoise. While turquoise holds a long-standing traditional association with December, blue zircon and tanzanite have emerged as popular modern choices, offering a spectrum of blue hues and fascinating histories. This article delves into the origins, properties, symbolism, and care of these captivating gemstones, providing a comprehensive overview for enthusiasts and those seeking the perfect December birthstone jewelry.
A History Rooted in Tradition and Modern Discovery
The story of December’s birthstones is one of evolving tradition. Turquoise, with a history stretching back millennia, is the most anciently recognized of the three. Evidence suggests its use dates back over 3,000 years, with both ancient Chinese artists and the pharaohs of Egypt incorporating it into prized possessions. King Tut’s burial site famously included turquoise jewelry, demonstrating its significance in ancient cultures.
Blue zircon and tanzanite, however, represent more recent additions to the December birthstone family. Blue zircon, while the gem itself has been known for longer, gained prominence as a December birthstone option in more recent times. It is often confused with cubic zirconia due to the similarity in name, but zircon is a naturally occurring gemstone. Tanzanite is the newest of the three, officially added to the birthstone list in 1952. Its relatively recent discovery contributes to its mystique and desirability. The addition of multiple birthstones for some months, including December, was driven in part by a desire to offer more affordable options alongside the more traditionally valued gems.
Geological Origins and Global Sources
Each of these December birthstones originates from distinct geological processes and is found in specific locations around the globe. Turquoise, as its name suggests, is often found in association with copper deposits. Notable sources include Iran, China, New Mexico, and Arizona. The stone’s unique appearance, often characterized by veining known as a “matrix,” is a result of the remnants of the rock in which it formed.
Blue zircon is sourced from a variety of locations, though specific mining areas are not detailed in the provided sources. The blue coloration is achieved through heat treatment of the gem, transforming naturally occurring zircon into the vibrant blue variety favored for birthstone jewelry.
Tanzanite, uniquely, is found in only one known location: the Merelani Hills of northern Tanzania. This limited source contributes to its rarity and value. The sources do not provide details on the geological formation of tanzanite, but its recent discovery suggests it is a relatively young gemstone in terms of geological time.
Gemological Properties: A Comparative Overview
The three December birthstones exhibit distinct gemological properties, influencing their appearance, durability, and suitability for various jewelry applications.
Turquoise: Typically ranges from blue to green in color and is generally opaque, though some specimens can be semi-translucent. Its defining characteristic is the presence of a matrix, creating unique patterns within the stone. Turquoise is relatively soft, making it susceptible to scratching.
Blue Zircon: Occurs in a range of colors – red, orange, yellow, green, brown, and blue – with the blue variety achieved through heat treatment. The sources do not provide details on its hardness or chemical composition.
Tanzanite: Is known for its deep blue tones. The sources do not provide details on its hardness or chemical composition.
A comparative table summarizing key properties, based on the provided sources, is not possible due to the limited data.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, each of these gemstones has been imbued with symbolic meaning and metaphysical properties. Turquoise has long been associated with protection and dispelling negative energy. It is believed to enhance intuition and encourage self-expression.
Blue topaz is thought to channel inner wisdom and facilitate opportunities for success. Turquoise is believed to promote inner peace.
The sources suggest that choosing a birthstone based on personality is a valid approach. Turquoise is considered suitable for those seeking inner peace, while zircon is believed to enhance mental clarity and confidence.
Caring for Your December Birthstone
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and longevity of December birthstone jewelry. Turquoise, being a relatively soft stone, requires gentle handling and should be stored in a protective pouch or box to prevent scratching. Its porous nature means it can absorb chemicals from lotions, creams, and perfumes, potentially altering its color.
Specific care instructions for blue zircon and tanzanite are not detailed in the provided sources. However, given their potential for scratching and sensitivity to chemicals, similar precautions – gentle handling, protective storage, and avoidance of harsh chemicals – are advisable.
Choosing the Right December Birthstone
The choice of which December birthstone to select ultimately comes down to personal preference. Each gem offers a unique aesthetic and symbolic resonance. Turquoise appeals to those drawn to its earthy tones and ancient history, while blue zircon and tanzanite offer a more modern and vibrant blue hue. Considering one’s personality and desired metaphysical properties can also guide the selection process.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones – turquoise, blue zircon, and tanzanite – represent a captivating blend of ancient tradition and modern discovery. From the millennia-old history of turquoise to the recent addition of tanzanite, each gemstone offers a unique story and a spectrum of blue hues. Understanding their origins, properties, and symbolism allows for a more informed and meaningful selection, ensuring that the chosen birthstone truly reflects the individual born under the December sky.