December boasts a remarkable array of birthstones – blue topaz, blue zircon, tanzanite, turquoise, and lapis lazuli – offering a diverse spectrum of color, history, and meaning for those born in the final month of the year. These gemstones, steeped in tradition and modern appeal, represent not only beauty but also a connection to ancient beliefs and cultural practices. This article delves into the origins, properties, and significance of each of these December birthstones, providing a comprehensive overview for enthusiasts and those seeking to understand their unique allure.
A History Intertwined with Tradition
The tradition of associating specific gemstones with each month dates back to ancient times, though the specific stones assigned have evolved over centuries. Historically, turquoise and zircon were considered the primary birthstones for December, their blue hues reflecting the chill of winter. However, the modern list has expanded to include blue topaz and tanzanite, offering a wider range of choices. Lapis lazuli, with its deep azure tones, also holds a traditional place as a December birthstone. These colored gems were believed to be blessed, offering benefits to those who wore them in rings, pendants, and other jewelry, a practice rooted in medieval times.
The Allure of Blue Topaz
Blue topaz is a popular modern choice for December birthstones, celebrated for its serene and calming colors. It is a semi-translucent to opaque gem, prized for its clarity and affordability. While naturally occurring blue topaz is rare, most blue topaz on the market is created through irradiation and heat treatment of colorless topaz. This process enhances the stone’s blue coloration, making it a readily available and attractive option.
The Brilliance of Blue Zircon
Blue zircon, alongside turquoise, has long been recognized as a key December birthstone. Valued for its exceptional clarity and range of colors, zircon is one of the oldest minerals on Earth, lending it significant geological and historical value. Zircon exhibits a brilliant “fire,” a dispersion of light that creates a rainbow effect, making it a captivating gemstone. It’s important to note that zircon should not be confused with cubic zirconia, a synthetic diamond simulant.
Tanzanite: A Gem of Uniqueness
Tanzanite is a relatively recent addition to the December birthstone family, discovered only in the late 20th century. Its unique blue to violet color and limited source – a small area near Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania – contribute to its desirability and value. The rarity of tanzanite makes it a particularly prized gemstone, often compared to sapphires in its beauty and appeal.
Turquoise: A Stone of Protection and Good Fortune
Turquoise, with its captivating blue-green hues, has been cherished for millennia. From the pharaohs of ancient Egypt to Native American tribes, turquoise has been revered for its striking color and perceived mystical properties. It is often seen as a talisman for protection and a symbol of good fortune. The stone frequently exhibits veins of matrix, remnants of the rock in which it formed, adding to its unique character. Ancient beliefs attributed protective qualities to turquoise, with some believing it would break into pieces when disaster approached or prevent falls, particularly from horses. Hindu mystics believed viewing turquoise after a new moon would bring wealth.
Lapis Lazuli: Wisdom and Royalty
Lapis lazuli, a traditional December birthstone, is distinguished by its deep azure tones often flecked with golden pyrite. Historically associated with royalty and spirituality, it was considered a stone of truth and enlightenment, believed to enhance intellectual abilities and stimulate a quest for knowledge. Its rich blue color evokes the vastness of the night sky, offering a sense of serenity and expansiveness. Lapis lazuli has been used in art, jewelry, and spiritual practices for centuries, solidifying its esteemed status.
Gemological Properties and Characteristics
While each December birthstone possesses unique characteristics, they share a common thread of captivating blue hues. Here’s a comparative overview of some key gemological properties:
| Gemstone | Color(s) | Transparency | Hardness (Mohs) | Notable Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blue Topaz | Blue | Transparent | 8 | Often irradiated to enhance color |
| Blue Zircon | Blue | Transparent | 6.5-7.5 | High brilliance and fire |
| Tanzanite | Blue-Violet | Transparent | 6-7 | Pleochroism (displays different colors from angles) |
| Turquoise | Blue-Green | Opaque | 5-6 | Often contains matrix veining |
| Lapis Lazuli | Deep Blue | Opaque | 5-6 | Often contains pyrite flecks |
Note: Mohs hardness is a relative scale of mineral hardness.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Each December birthstone carries its own symbolic weight. Turquoise is associated with protection, good fortune, and tranquility. Lapis lazuli represents wisdom, truth, and royalty. Blue topaz symbolizes serenity and communication. Blue zircon is believed to promote clarity and wisdom, while tanzanite is associated with transformation and intuition. These symbolic meanings contribute to the enduring appeal of these gemstones.
Care and Maintenance
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty of December birthstones. Blue topaz and zircon are relatively durable but can be chipped with a sharp blow. Tanzanite is more fragile and requires careful handling. Turquoise is porous and can be affected by oils and chemicals, requiring gentle cleaning with a soft cloth and mild soap. Lapis lazuli, being relatively soft, should also be protected from scratches and harsh chemicals. Following these simple care instructions will help ensure that December birthstones remain vibrant for years to come.
Choosing the Right December Birthstone
With five distinct options available, choosing the right December birthstone can be a personal and meaningful experience. Consider the color preferences, budget, and desired symbolism when making a selection. Blue topaz offers affordability and a calming hue, while blue zircon provides exceptional brilliance. Tanzanite stands out for its rarity and unique color, turquoise for its historical significance and protective qualities, and lapis lazuli for its association with wisdom and royalty.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones – blue topaz, blue zircon, tanzanite, turquoise, and lapis lazuli – offer a rich tapestry of history, symbolism, and beauty. These gemstones are more than just adornments; they are tangible connections to ancient cultures, beliefs, and the natural world. Whether chosen for their aesthetic appeal, metaphysical properties, or personal significance, these December birthstones provide a unique and meaningful way to celebrate those born in the final month of the year. Their vibrant colors and deep cultural roots distinguish them from other gemstones, offering a distinct way to express individuality and connect with the past.