December boasts a captivating array of birthstones, and among the most prized is tanzanite, a relatively recent discovery that has quickly gained prominence in the world of gemstones. This article delves into the origins, properties, history, and symbolism of tanzanite, offering a comprehensive overview for enthusiasts, buyers, and students of gemology.
History and Lore
Tanzanite’s story is remarkably short compared to many other birthstones. It wasn’t until the late 1960s that this gem was brought to the world’s attention. The discovery occurred on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, East Africa, lending the stone its name. Initially known as “blue zoisite,” it was later renamed tanzanite by Tiffany & Co. as a tribute to its country of origin. This rebranding was a strategic move to elevate the gem’s profile and appeal to a wider audience.
Prior to its official naming, a local tribesman stumbled upon the sparkling blue crystals in a garden, recognizing their potential value. He sold them to a rock collector, who then sought the expertise of jewelers to determine their identity and source. After thorough testing and discussion, tanzanite was officially introduced as a rare and unique gemstone. Its rapid rise in popularity was fueled by its captivating color and limited geographical origin.
Historically, turquoise held the primary position as a December birthstone, but tanzanite has emerged as a favored modern alternative. While ancient civilizations valued turquoise for its protective qualities and aesthetic appeal, tanzanite’s history is more recent, yet no less compelling. Its association with wisdom, peace, and inner strength resonates with those born in December, aligning with their ambitious and resilient nature.
Geological Formation and Sources
Tanzanite’s formation is a geological anomaly. It forms under very specific and harsh conditions found only in a small area near Mount Kilimanjaro in northern Tanzania. These conditions involve intense heat and pressure, along with the presence of specific minerals. This unique geological setting explains why tanzanite is found nowhere else on Earth, making it exceptionally rare.
The gemstone is a variety of the mineral zoisite, and its blue-violet color is attributed to the presence of vanadium. The gem forms under harsh and unpredictable conditions, which only occur on Mount Kilimanjaro. The mining area is relatively small, further contributing to the gem’s scarcity.
Gemological Properties
Tanzanite is celebrated for its striking pleochroism, a phenomenon where the gem displays different colors when viewed from different angles. This means that a tanzanite gemstone can exhibit shades of blue, violet, and even red depending on the direction of light passing through it. This characteristic adds to its allure and makes each stone unique.
The color of tanzanite ranges from light purple with blue shades to a dark velvet color with prominent purple tinges. This color variation is highly sought after, with deeper, more saturated hues commanding higher prices. The gem’s brilliance and clarity further enhance its desirability.
While specific gemological data like refractive index and chemical formula are not provided in the available sources, it is understood that tanzanite is a relatively durable gemstone suitable for various jewelry applications. However, care should be taken to protect it from harsh conditions, as detailed in the care and cleaning section.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Tanzanite is often associated with wisdom, peace, and inner strength. It is believed to inspire confidence, enhance focus, and promote success, making it a particularly fitting stone for those born in December, who are often characterized by their ambition and resilience.
The gem’s soothing blue-green hue is thought to represent tranquility and harmony, fostering a sense of calm and well-being. Its connection to the throat chakra is believed to enhance communication and self-expression. While these metaphysical beliefs are not scientifically proven, they contribute to the gem’s appeal and cultural significance.
Care and Cleaning
Tanzanite, while relatively durable, requires careful handling and cleaning to maintain its brilliance and color. It is recommended to wash tanzanite jewelry in warm soapy water and gently clean it with soft bristles. After washing, wipe it with a soft, lint-free cloth. Avoid exposing tanzanite to strong chemicals or extreme temperatures, as these can damage the stone.
Due to its potential for cleavage, it is advisable to store tanzanite jewelry separately to prevent scratching from other gemstones. Regular cleaning and careful storage will ensure that tanzanite continues to sparkle for years to come.
December Birthstone Jewelry and Gift Giving
December offers a wealth of options for gemstone jewelry, and tanzanite is a particularly stunning choice. Its versatility allows it to be incorporated into a wide range of designs, from elegant earrings and necklaces to sophisticated rings and bracelets. Tanzanite is especially popular in engagement rings and wedding bands, symbolizing a lasting and meaningful commitment.
The act of gifting jewelry featuring a December birthstone is considered a thoughtful and personal gesture. Whether it’s a sleek black dress paired with a violet tanzanite stone or a green bracelet complemented by a green zircon necklace, birthstones can enhance beauty and add a touch of significance to any occasion.
Conclusion
Tanzanite stands as a remarkable gem, born from a recent discovery yet quickly establishing itself as a treasured December birthstone. Its unique geological origin, captivating pleochroism, and symbolic associations with wisdom and peace make it a truly special gemstone. From its humble beginnings on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro to its current status as a sought-after gem, tanzanite continues to enchant and inspire. Its rarity and beauty ensure its enduring appeal for generations to come.