December is unique among the months, boasting not one, but three recognized birthstones: blue topaz, tanzanite, and turquoise. Each gem offers a distinct hue and history, providing a diverse range of options for meaningful jewelry. These stones have been valued for their beauty and believed protective qualities for centuries, and continue to be popular choices for personal adornment and gifts. This article will explore the origins, properties, and symbolism of these December birthstones, drawing from available information.
History and Lore
Throughout history, gemstones have been imbued with symbolic meaning and believed to possess mystical powers. Turquoise, with its long history, has been worn as a protective amulet against negative energies across numerous civilizations. Its use as natural protection against darkness is a consistent theme throughout its historical record. Blue topaz is said to dispel sadness, anger, and fear, and even to warn the wearer of poisons and protect against sudden death. Tanzanite, the newest of the three, discovered in 1967, quickly gained recognition and is associated with new beginnings and celebrations. The Masai people of Tanzania discovered this gem, and it has since been dubbed the “gemstone of the 20th century.”
The tradition of associating specific gemstones with each month of the year evolved over time. While ancient origins are complex and varied, the modern birthstone list solidified in the 20th century, offering a standardized system for personalizing jewelry with meaningful gems. Mother’s jewelry, particularly rings and necklaces featuring birthstones, has become a popular way to represent family connections, with each stone symbolizing a loved one.
Geological Formation and Sources
The origins of these three birthstones are geographically diverse. Turquoise, as its name suggests, has been mined for centuries in regions known for their turquoise deposits. Tanzanite is exclusively found in Tanzania, Africa, specifically in the Merelani Hills near Mount Kilimanjaro. This limited source contributes to its relative rarity and value. Blue topaz, while found in various locations, does not have a single dominant source mentioned in the available information.
The formation of each gem differs based on its chemical composition and geological environment. Turquoise forms in relatively shallow deposits as a secondary mineral, often associated with copper deposits. Tanzanite, a calcium aluminum silicate, forms through complex geological processes involving heat and pressure within the Earth’s crust. Topaz, a silicate mineral containing aluminum and fluorine, crystallizes from molten rock and is often found in igneous and metamorphic rocks.
Gemological Properties
Each of December’s birthstones possesses unique gemological properties that contribute to its beauty and desirability.
Blue Topaz: The available sources do not provide specific details regarding the chemical formula, refractive index, or hardness of blue topaz. However, it is noted as a frequently used substitute for other December birthstones.
Tanzanite: Tanzanite is characterized by its vibrant blue hue, often with a hint of purple. This color is what makes it a desirable gemstone.
Turquoise: Turquoise is known for its opaque blue to green color, often with matrix patterns. The available sources do not provide details on its chemical composition or hardness.
A comparison of the relative hardness of these stones, based on the Mohs scale (though not explicitly stated in the sources), would be beneficial for understanding their durability. Diamonds, often recommended as alternatives for mother’s rings due to their durability, score a 10 on the Mohs scale, while other birthstones may be more prone to chipping and scratching.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Beyond their aesthetic appeal, these gemstones are rich in symbolism and metaphysical beliefs. Turquoise has long been considered a protective stone, warding off evil and bringing good fortune. Blue topaz is associated with dispelling negative emotions and promoting clarity and inspiration. Tanzanite, being a relatively recent discovery, has become linked to new beginnings and celebrations, particularly births.
The practice of assigning symbolic meanings to gemstones dates back to ancient civilizations. These beliefs often stemmed from the stone’s color, perceived energy, or association with deities and mythological figures. Today, many people continue to embrace these traditional meanings, choosing birthstones based on their desired qualities or personal resonance.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and longevity of any gemstone. While specific cleaning recommendations are not detailed in the provided sources, general guidelines can be inferred from the stones’ properties. Given that some birthstones are more prone to chipping and scratching, it is advisable to handle jewelry with care and avoid exposing it to harsh chemicals or abrasive materials. Diamonds, being the most durable option, are less susceptible to damage. Regular cleaning with mild soap and warm water can help restore the gemstone’s brilliance.
Mother’s Jewelry and Customization
The tradition of creating mother’s jewelry, incorporating the birthstones of family members, is a popular way to celebrate familial bonds. Rings and necklaces are common choices, allowing for a personalized display of loved ones’ birthstones. The order of the stones can be arranged chronologically by birth order or aesthetically, depending on personal preference. For those seeking a unique alternative to traditional birthstones, birth flowers can be engraved or incorporated into the jewelry design. Diamonds are also recommended as a durable and sparkling alternative for birthstones in mother’s jewelry.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones – blue topaz, tanzanite, and turquoise – offer a captivating blend of history, beauty, and symbolism. Each gem carries its own unique story and significance, making them meaningful choices for personal adornment and gifts. From the protective qualities of turquoise to the clarity of blue topaz and the celebratory energy of tanzanite, these stones represent a diverse and enchanting collection. The tradition of incorporating birthstones into jewelry, particularly mother’s jewelry, continues to thrive, providing a lasting tribute to family connections and cherished memories.