Tanzanite is a captivating gemstone recognized as a primary birthstone for December, alongside turquoise and zircon. Celebrated for its rich blue-violet hues and relatively recent discovery, tanzanite is believed to possess high-vibration healing energy and is associated with spiritual awareness and transformation. This article will delve into the history, geological origins, gemological properties, symbolism, and care of this remarkable gem.
History and Lore
While gemstones have been associated with specific months and astrological signs for centuries, tanzanite’s story is comparatively recent. Unlike many gems with roots in ancient civilizations, tanzanite was first discovered in 1967 in the Merelani Hills of northern Tanzania. Initially misidentified as sapphire or blue spinel, it was later determined to be a unique variety of the mineral zoisite. It was subsequently named “Tanzanite” in honor of its country of origin, a practice that helped promote the gem and distinguish it in the market.
Before its official naming, the gem was known as ‘Blue Zoisite’. Though a newcomer to the world of gemstones, tanzanite has quickly gained popularity, becoming a sought-after gem for its beauty and perceived metaphysical properties. While extensive historical lore is limited due to its recent discovery, modern beliefs attribute tanzanite with the ability to activate the throat, third-eye, and crown chakras, facilitating psychic abilities and communication with higher dimensions.
Geological Formation and Sources
Tanzanite is found exclusively in a small area near the base of Mount Kilimanjaro in northern Tanzania. This limited geographical source contributes to its rarity and value. The gem forms within metamorphic rocks, created by intense heat and pressure. It is often found in association with sapphire deposits, and can be located in Sri Lanka, Australia, Myanmar, Vietnam and Cambodia, though these locations do not yield the gem itself.
The unique geological conditions required for tanzanite formation are believed to be exceptionally rare, with some geologists suggesting that the supply of tanzanite is finite and may eventually be depleted. This scarcity further enhances its appeal to collectors and jewelry enthusiasts.
Gemological Properties
Tanzanite is a calcium aluminum silicate mineral with a chemical formula of Ca2Al3(SiO4)3(OH). It exhibits a phenomenon known as pleochroism, meaning that it displays different colors when viewed from different angles. This characteristic contributes to its mesmerizing appearance, showcasing varying shades of blue, violet, and red.
The gem typically ranges from deep sapphire blue to a vibrant violet-blue, with the most valued specimens exhibiting a rich, intense blue color. Tanzanite’s brilliance and clarity are also important factors in determining its quality.
Here’s a summary of its key gemological properties:
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | Ca2Al3(SiO4)3(OH) |
| Color | Blue, violet-blue, sometimes with red hues |
| Pleochroism | Exhibits different colors from different angles |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 6 to 7.5 |
| Transparency | Transparent to translucent |
Tanzanite is relatively soft compared to other gemstones, ranking between 6 and 7.5 on the Mohs scale of hardness. This means it is susceptible to scratching and requires careful handling. Some tanzanite undergoes heat treatment to enhance its color, typically producing a more vibrant blue hue. While generally stable when exposed to light, prolonged exposure to bright light can sometimes cause heat-treated stones to revert to their original, lighter color. Exposure to heat can also alter the color of some zircon.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Tanzanite is often associated with spiritual awareness, wisdom, and inner strength. It is believed to promote a sense of peace and tranquility, and to help individuals connect with their intuition. The gem is also linked to transformation and self-discovery, encouraging personal growth and positive change.
For those born in December, tanzanite is seen as a symbol of their vibrant nature and ambitious personality. It is believed to complement their go-getter energy and inspire confidence. Beyond its association with December birthdays, tanzanite is also a traditional gift for 24th wedding anniversaries, symbolizing enduring love and commitment.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its moderate hardness, tanzanite requires careful handling and cleaning. It is best to avoid wearing tanzanite jewelry during activities that could cause scratching or impact, such as gardening, playing sports, or doing dishes.
To clean tanzanite, use a soft brush and mild soap in warm water. Avoid harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, and steam cleaners, as these can damage the gem. Gently scrub the stone to remove any dirt or debris, and then rinse thoroughly with warm water. Pat dry with a soft cloth.
It is also advisable to store tanzanite jewelry separately from other gemstones to prevent scratching. A soft pouch or jewelry box with individual compartments is ideal.
Conclusion
Tanzanite, a relatively recent addition to the world of gemstones, has quickly captured the hearts of jewelry lovers and gem enthusiasts alike. Its mesmerizing blue-violet hues, coupled with its unique geological origins and perceived metaphysical properties, make it a truly special and sought-after gem. As a December birthstone, tanzanite embodies the spirit of wisdom, strength, and transformation, offering a beautiful and meaningful connection to those born under its enchanting glow. Its limited source and increasing popularity suggest that tanzanite will continue to be treasured for generations to come.