December is unique among months, boasting not one, but three recognized birthstones: turquoise, tanzanite, and zircon. Each gem offers distinct beauty and carries its own rich history and symbolism. This article will explore the origins, properties, and significance of these December birthstones, drawing upon available knowledge to provide a comprehensive overview for enthusiasts and those seeking to understand these captivating gems.
History and Lore
The history of December’s birthstones is diverse. Turquoise has a long and storied past, deeply embedded in the cultures of ancient civilizations. While the provided sources do not detail the full extent of turquoise’s history, they highlight its association with the Amazonian warriors of Greek mythology, though the historical existence of the Amazons remains a subject of debate.
Tanzanite, in contrast, is a relatively recent discovery, first identified in Tanzania in 1967. Its story is one of rapid recognition and marketing success. Initially mistaken for sapphire by prospector d’Souza, its potential was quickly realized by Tiffany & Co., who named the gem after its country of origin and launched a promotional campaign in 1968. This strategic branding cemented tanzanite’s place in the gemstone market.
Zircon’s history is less detailed in the provided sources, but it is acknowledged as one of the three birthstones for December. The sources indicate that zircon is associated with wisdom and spiritual growth.
Geological Formation and Sources
The formation and sourcing of these gems differ significantly. Turquoise, as indicated by source [4], is found in various locations, with examples originating from Arizona and Uruguay. The sources do not provide specific details on its geological formation.
Tanzanite is exceptionally rare, found within a small area of Tanzania. Source [3] emphasizes its exclusivity, stating it is found within only a few square miles. It is a blue variety of the mineral zoisite.
Amazonite, a potassium feldspar, forms at relatively low temperatures, with layers of albite separating during crystallization, creating the characteristic white grid-like patterns within the green crystal. Source [2] explains that the blue-green color is attributed to small quantities of lead and water within the feldspar structure.
Gemological Properties
The provided sources offer limited detailed gemological data. However, some properties can be gleaned. Amazonite, as described in source [2], exhibits a soft green to blue-green color, often with white streaks. It possesses a faint sheen, contributing to its unique appearance.
Tanzanite is noted for its attractive blue hues and pleochroism – the ability to display different colors when viewed from different angles. Source [3] notes that tanzanite is often heat-treated to minimize brown tones and enhance its blue shades.
The sources do not provide information on the hardness, refractive index, or chemical formulas of these gemstones.
A comparative table of known properties, based on the provided sources, is as follows:
| Gemstone | Color | Notable Features |
|---|---|---|
| Turquoise | Not specified in sources | Associated with Amazonian warriors |
| Tanzanite | Blue, can show different hues | Pleochroism, often heat-treated |
| Amazonite | Soft green to blue-green, white streaks | Faint sheen, grid-like white patterns |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Each of these December birthstones is associated with specific symbolism and metaphysical properties. Turquoise is linked to communication, while tanzanite is believed to enhance intuition. Zircon is said to foster spiritual growth. Source [1] states that these stones represent peace and tranquility.
The sources suggest that December birthstones can be used in engagement rings, with turquoise symbolizing protection, tanzanite representing transformation, and zircon embodying wisdom.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty of these gemstones. Source [1] provides guidance on cleaning and storage. Regular dusting with a soft, lint-free cloth is recommended. Harsh chemicals should be avoided. For deeper cleaning, a mild soap and warm water solution can be used with a soft brush, followed by thorough rinsing and drying.
Storage in a fabric-lined box or jewelry pouch is advised to protect against dust and scratches. Separating pieces is recommended to prevent tangling or chipping. Exposure to direct sunlight and extreme temperatures should be avoided to prevent fading or damage.
Jewelry Styles
December birthstones are featured in a variety of jewelry styles. Source [1] and [4] showcase rings, necklaces, and bracelets incorporating these gems. Source [4] specifically lists rings, pendants, earrings, necklaces, and bracelets, as well as men’s and unisex jewelry. The provided sources show examples of turquoise set in sterling silver rings, and combinations of rainbow moonstone and tanzanite in ring designs.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones – turquoise, tanzanite, and zircon – represent a fascinating blend of ancient lore and modern discovery. Turquoise’s historical connections, tanzanite’s recent rise to prominence, and zircon’s enduring symbolism offer a diverse range of options for those seeking a meaningful birthstone. Understanding their unique properties and proper care will ensure these gems remain beautiful and cherished for years to come.