If born in February, one’s birthstone is amethyst, the purple variety of quartz that has captivated people for millennia. Its shades, ranging from lilac to deep reddish-purple, have made it a prized gem throughout history, favored by royalty and believed to possess mystical powers. Today, amethyst remains a popular and accessible gemstone, celebrated for its beauty, symbolism, and relative affordability. This article will explore the history, geological origins, gemological properties, and cultural significance of this remarkable February birthstone.
History and Lore
The name “amethyst” originates from the Greek word amethystos, meaning “a remedy against drunkenness.” This association stems from the ancient belief that wearing amethyst could prevent intoxication. Early Greek mythology linked the gem to Bacchus, the god of wine, and it was thought to keep the wearer clear-headed in both battle and business. Renaissance Europeans extended this belief, suggesting amethyst could calm those overwhelmed by passionate love.
Historically, amethyst has been a stone of royalty and power. It has been found in the collections of royal families across Europe and Asia. Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia, was particularly fond of amethyst, adorning herself with necklaces, earrings, and other ornaments featuring the gem. More recently, Wallis, Duchess of Windsor, made a striking statement wearing a lavish amethyst bib necklace designed by Cartier at a gala in Versailles in 1953. Alexander the Great also admired the deep purple hue of the stone. Beyond its association with rulers, amethyst was also believed to convey strength and wit to those who wore it. The gem is traditionally given to celebrate the sixth wedding anniversary.
Geological Formation and Sources
Amethyst is a crystalline variety of quartz, a widely abundant mineral. Its purple coloration is a result of irradiation, iron impurities, and the presence of trace elements within the quartz crystal structure.
For centuries, Russia was the primary source of amethyst. However, in the 19th century, significant deposits were discovered in Brazil, dramatically increasing the availability of the gem. Brazil remains a major supplier today, particularly from the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Amethyst from Brazil sometimes forms within large, crystal-lined geodes, some large enough to stand inside. While Brazilian amethyst is plentiful, the rough stones often exhibit a lighter color compared to those found in other regions. Currently, Africa and South America are the most important sources of amethyst.
Gemological Properties
Amethyst is a relatively durable gemstone, scoring a 7 on the Mohs scale of hardness. This makes it resistant to scratching and suitable for a wide range of jewelry applications. It is a variety of quartz, with a chemical formula of SiO₂. The color of amethyst can vary significantly, ranging from pale lilac to deep reddish-purple. Vividly colored stones are generally more valuable than those with paler hues.
Amethyst can be cut into many shapes and sizes, making it versatile for jewelry design. It can also be manufactured in a laboratory, providing an alternative to mined stones.
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Mineral | Quartz |
| Chemical Formula | SiO₂ |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 7 |
| Color | Pale lilac to deep reddish-purple |
| Luster | Vitreous |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, amethyst has been imbued with symbolic meaning. The color purple has long been associated with royalty, contributing to the gem’s historical favor among the ruling class. Beyond its regal associations, amethyst has also come to represent spirituality, mental clarity, and healing.
Modern metaphysical beliefs attribute various powers to amethyst. It is believed to soothe anxiety, enhance intuition, and promote restful sleep. Many consider it a beneficial stone for meditation and stress relief. Wearing amethyst is seen by some as a symbol of personal empowerment and inner strength.
Care and Cleaning
Amethyst jewelry requires relatively simple care to maintain its beauty. It is advisable to keep amethyst away from moisture and remove it before bathing, swimming, or showering. Direct contact with perfumes and creams should also be avoided. To clean amethyst, gently polish it with a soft cloth. When not being worn, it should be stored in a jewelry box or small bag to prevent scratching and damage.
Amethyst in Jewelry
Amethyst is a popular choice for a variety of jewelry pieces, including earrings, necklaces, and rings. It is frequently used in both delicate and statement designs. Earrings featuring amethyst are readily available, ranging from simple stud earrings to more elaborate hoop designs. Some earrings feature amethyst-colored cubic zirconia as an affordable alternative. Angel wing earrings incorporating the February birthstone color are also available for those with sensitive ears, as they are often made with hypoallergenic materials. Amethyst can be set in various metals, including sterling silver and gold-fill, the latter being a nickel-free option suitable for sensitive skin.
Conclusion
Amethyst, the February birthstone, is a gem steeped in history, symbolism, and beauty. From its ancient origins as a supposed antidote to drunkenness to its modern-day association with peace and clarity, amethyst continues to captivate and inspire. Its durability, versatility, and relative affordability make it a popular choice for jewelry enthusiasts and a meaningful gift for those born in February. Whether admired for its regal past, its purported metaphysical properties, or simply its stunning purple hue, amethyst remains a truly remarkable gemstone.