For centuries, August was represented by the peridot and sardonyx. However, in July 2016, the Jewelers of America and the American Gem Trade Association (AGTA) officially added spinel to the list of birthstones for August, providing those born in this month with a sophisticated and rare alternative. This addition acknowledges spinel’s growing popularity and unique beauty, particularly in its vivid red and cobalt blue varieties. Often considered “the most underappreciated gemstone,” spinel boasts a rich history, captivating colors, and a symbolism that rivals even the diamond.
History and Lore
Spinel’s history is interwoven with that of other gemstones, particularly ruby. For centuries, red spinel was frequently mistaken for ruby, and many historical “rubies” are, in fact, spinel. A prime example is the approximately 170-carat Black Prince’s “ruby,” a stone owned by Moorish and Spanish kings before becoming part of Great Britain’s Imperial State Crown in 1367. It wasn’t until the 18th century that spinel was definitively distinguished from ruby based on chemical differences.
The name “spinel” itself originates from the Latin word spina, meaning thorn, referencing the shape of its crystals. Throughout history, red spinel, along with other red gems, was believed to be a remedy for blood loss and inflammatory diseases, and was thought to ease anger and promote harmony. Traditionally, spinel is given as the gemstone to celebrate a 22nd wedding anniversary.
Beyond its historical misidentification, spinel holds cultural significance. It is believed to symbolize passion, longevity, and devotion, and is sometimes referred to as “the gemstone of love.” Modern interpretations suggest spinel can boost energy, stamina, memory, and cognitive abilities, with some believing it enhances intuition and facilitates communication with higher powers.
Geological Formation and Sources
Spinel forms under extreme geological conditions, often found in metamorphic rocks and alluvial deposits. Major sources of spinel today include Tajikistan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Tanzania, and Pakistan. Certain locations are renowned for producing spinel with particularly striking colors. For instance, Myanmar is known for its hot pink and red spinel, while Tanzania has yielded spinel in purple and blue hues. A 2007 discovery in Tanzania captivated gem collectors with its pinkish and orangy-red spinel.
Gemological Properties
Spinel is a durable gemstone, registering 8 on the Mohs scale of hardness. This makes it suitable for use in all types of jewelry, including rings. It is stable when exposed to light and chemicals, though high heat can cause some colors to fade. Spinel can be safely cleaned using ultrasonic and steam cleaners, although caution should be exercised if the stone contains fractures. Warm soapy water is always a safe alternative for cleaning.
Spinel exhibits a wealth of colors, including intense red, vibrant pink, orange, purple, violet, blue, and bluish-green. Its chemical formula is magnesium aluminum oxide (MgAl₂O₄), though the presence of trace elements like chromium, iron, and titanium contribute to its diverse coloration. The gem’s brilliance and sparkle are highly regarded by gem dealers and collectors.
The following table summarizes key gemological properties:
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Hardness (Mohs) | 8 |
| Chemical Formula | MgAl₂O₄ |
| Color | Red, pink, orange, purple, violet, blue, bluish-green |
| Stability | Stable to light and chemicals, sensitive to high heat |
| Cleaning | Ultrasonic, steam, or warm soapy water |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Spinel’s symbolism extends beyond its historical associations. It is believed to inspire passion and devotion, making it a meaningful gift for loved ones. The gem is also thought to promote vitality and mental clarity, enhancing cognitive function and intuition. Some believe spinel can unlock hidden potential and encourage self-discovery.
The addition of spinel as an August birthstone provides individuals born in this month with a gem that may resonate more deeply with their personality than the traditional peridot or sardonyx. Its diverse colors and captivating brilliance offer a wider range of aesthetic choices, allowing individuals to select a spinel that truly reflects their unique style and spirit.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its hardness of 8 on the Mohs scale, spinel is a relatively durable gemstone. However, like all jewelry, it requires proper care to maintain its brilliance. Avoid exposing spinel to harsh chemicals or extreme temperatures. Cleaning can be performed using warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Ultrasonic and steam cleaners are generally safe, but caution should be exercised if the spinel contains fractures. Regular cleaning will help to remove dirt and oils, restoring the gem’s natural luster.
Conclusion
Spinel’s recent recognition as an August birthstone marks a significant moment in gemological history. Once overshadowed by its resemblance to ruby, spinel has emerged as a gemstone in its own right, celebrated for its captivating colors, durability, and rich symbolism. From its historical role in royal regalia to its modern appeal as a unique and vibrant birthstone, spinel continues to enchant and inspire. Its association with passion, longevity, and devotion makes it a meaningful gem for those born in August, offering a beautiful and enduring symbol of their individuality.