March is unique among the calendar months in possessing two recognized birthstones: aquamarine and bloodstone. While distinct in appearance and origin, both gems share a historical reputation for safeguarding the wearer’s health and promoting overall well-being. This article will explore the history, geological sources, gemological properties, symbolism, and care of these two fascinating March birthstones, drawing solely from available sources.
History and Lore
Both aquamarine and bloodstone have long histories steeped in lore and legend. Aquamarine’s name originates from the Latin words meaning “seawater,” a fitting descriptor for its captivating blue hues. Ancient mariners believed the gem possessed the power to calm waves and ensure safe passage, offering protection against the perils of the sea. Beyond maritime safety, aquamarine was also associated with happiness in marriage and was thought to bestow protection in both battle and legal disputes, fostering amiability and intellectual acuity. Roman engravings often depicted Neptune’s trident on aquamarine stones, further solidifying its connection to the ocean and its deity. More recently, aquamarine has gained prominence in modern celebrity culture, appearing in engagement rings and high-profile jewelry worn at prestigious events.
Bloodstone, also known as heliotrope, boasts an equally rich history. Its name derives from the ancient Greek word meaning “to turn the sun,” referencing a belief that the stone could cause the sun to appear red when placed in water. Legend attributes its origin to the crucifixion of Christ, claiming it formed from the blood of Christ falling onto green jasper. This origin story imbued the stone with divine and magical powers. Throughout history, bloodstone was believed to increase strength, grant invisibility, and preserve youth and health. In contemporary times, it is often considered a lucky charm, particularly favored by athletes seeking to enhance their physical prowess.
Geological Formation and Sources
Aquamarine is a variety of the mineral beryl, known for its hardness and clarity. Bloodstone, conversely, is a form of chalcedony, a cryptocrystalline variety of quartz.
While bloodstone does not possess the same aesthetic appeal as aquamarine, it is still prized for its unique properties. Most bloodstone available today is sourced from India. However, deposits are also found in Brazil, Australia, China, and the United States, often occurring within fractures in other rocks or as pebbles in riverbeds.
Gemological Properties
Aquamarine exhibits colors ranging from deep green-blue to light, slightly greenish-blue hues. Faceted aquamarines are often remarkably clear, free from inclusions. Its durability is notable, registering between 7.5 and 8 on the Mohs hardness scale, making it suitable for everyday wear. Cleaning aquamarine is straightforward, utilizing warm water, mild dish soap, and a soft brush. Ultrasonic cleaners and steam cleaning are generally safe, provided the gem lacks fractures or liquid inclusions.
Bloodstone typically presents as a dark-green, semi-translucent to opaque cabochon, characterized by distinctive red spots of iron oxide, particularly hematite. These inclusions are the source of its name and are believed to contribute to its purported strengthening properties. Bloodstone’s hardness falls between 6.5 and 7 on the Mohs scale, requiring careful storage in a soft fabric to prevent scratching. Like aquamarine, it can be cleaned with warm soapy water and a soft brush, but should be kept away from harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures.
The following table summarizes the key gemological properties:
| Property | Aquamarine | Bloodstone |
|---|---|---|
| Mineral | Beryl | Chalcedony (Quartz) |
| Color | Green-blue to blue | Dark green with red spots |
| Transparency | Transparent to translucent | Semi-translucent to opaque |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 7.5 – 8 | 6.5 – 7 |
| Luster | Vitreous | Waxy |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Both March birthstones are historically linked to protection and well-being. Aquamarine symbolizes purity of spirit and soul, while bloodstone represents health and strength. The “blood” within bloodstone is specifically believed to invigorate the wearer.
Aquamarine’s association with the sea extends to symbolism of tranquility and clarity. It was thought to foster courage and dispel fear. Bloodstone, beyond its physical benefits, was believed to offer invisibility and preserve youth, reflecting a desire for both protection and longevity. Modern interpretations continue to embrace these themes, with bloodstone remaining a popular choice for those seeking a boost in vitality and resilience.
Care and Cleaning
Maintaining the beauty of both aquamarine and bloodstone requires gentle care. As noted previously, both stones can be cleaned with warm soapy water and a soft brush. Avoiding harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures is crucial. Bloodstone, being slightly softer, requires more careful handling and storage to prevent scratches. Regular cleaning will help preserve their luster and ensure they remain cherished additions to any jewelry collection.
Conclusion
Aquamarine and bloodstone, the birthstones of March, offer a compelling duality. Aquamarine, with its serene blue hues and connection to the sea, embodies tranquility and clarity. Bloodstone, with its dark green base and striking red inclusions, represents strength and vitality. Both gems boast rich histories, steeped in lore and legend, and continue to be valued for their beauty, durability, and symbolic significance. Whether chosen for their aesthetic appeal or their purported metaphysical properties, these March birthstones remain timeless treasures.