September is traditionally associated with the regal blue of sapphire, but a rich history reveals a diverse array of gemstones linked to this month. Throughout the centuries, various cultures have recognized multiple stones as representative of September, each possessing unique qualities and symbolism. This article delves into the alternative birthstones for September – lapis lazuli, zircon, carnelian, aventurine, and peridot – exploring their historical significance, gemological properties, and cultural meanings. These gemstones offer a personalized connection to the month, extending beyond the well-known tradition of sapphire.
History and Lore
The tradition of assigning specific gemstones to each month has evolved over time. While sapphire has become firmly established as the primary September birthstone, alternative associations stem from ancient calendars, zodiacal connections, and cultural beliefs. Ancient calendars, including those of Italy, Russia, Hebrew, and Arabic traditions, once designated peridot as the September birthstone, a practice continuing until 1912 when peridot became associated with August. Lapis lazuli, with its striking blue hue, was often mistaken for sapphire in ancient times, leading to its adoption as a September stone.
The selection of alternative birthstones often reflects a desire for personalization and a connection to specific energies or symbolism. Choosing a stone beyond sapphire allows individuals to align with a gem that resonates with their personal style, cultural heritage, or spiritual beliefs. The practice of selecting alternative stones also acknowledges the historical fluidity of these associations, recognizing that the tradition of birthstones is not static but has evolved over centuries.
Gemological Properties
The alternative September birthstones exhibit a range of gemological properties, influencing their appearance, durability, and value.
Lapis Lazuli is not a single mineral but a rock composed primarily of lazurite, along with calcite and pyrite. This composition gives it a distinctive deep blue color, often flecked with golden pyrite inclusions. Its hardness ranges from 5 to 6 on the Mohs scale, making it relatively soft and susceptible to scratching.
Zircon is a naturally occurring mineral that comes in a variety of colors, including blue varieties that can resemble sapphire. It boasts a high brilliance and “fire,” referring to its dispersion of light. Zircon typically registers between 6.5 and 7.5 on the Mohs hardness scale, offering good durability for jewelry.
Carnelian, a variety of chalcedony, is known for its warm reddish-orange hues, though it can also be found in pink and brown shades. It has a hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, making it a semi-precious stone with moderate durability.
Aventurine, another variety of chalcedony, is characterized by its shimmering effect, known as aventurescence, caused by inclusions of mica or other minerals. It is typically green but can also be found in other colors. Aventurine’s hardness is around 6.5 on the Mohs scale.
Peridot, a gem-quality olivine, presents in shades of green to yellow. It has a hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, making it suitable for jewelry but requiring careful handling.
The following table summarizes the key gemological properties:
| Gemstone | Chemical Composition | Color(s) | Hardness (Mohs) | Notable Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lapis Lazuli | Lazurite, Calcite, Pyrite | Deep Blue | 5-6 | Flecks of pyrite, regal appearance |
| Zircon | Zirconium Silicate | Blue, colorless, etc. | 6.5-7.5 | High brilliance and fire |
| Carnelian | Silicon Dioxide | Reddish-Orange | 7 | Warm tones, often used for cameos |
| Aventurine | Silicon Dioxide | Green, other colors | 6.5 | Aventurescence (shimmering effect) |
| Peridot | Magnesium Iron Silicate | Green to Yellow | 6.5-7 | Protects wearer from negativity (popular belief) |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Each of these alternative September birthstones carries its own set of symbolic meanings and metaphysical beliefs. Lapis lazuli has long been associated with truth, enlightenment, and communication. Ancient cultures revered it for its spiritual properties, believing it connected individuals to higher realms.
Zircon symbolizes purity, wisdom, and honor, aligning with the qualities often attributed to those born in September. Carnelian is linked to fertility, confidence, and abundance, and some believe placing it near an entrance can invite good fortune. Aventurine is considered a stone of opportunity and creativity, fostering empathy and a connection to the divine. Peridot, traditionally associated with protection, is believed to ward off negativity and promote well-being.
These symbolic associations contribute to the appeal of alternative birthstones, allowing individuals to choose a gem that resonates with their personal values and aspirations. The belief in the metaphysical properties of gemstones remains a significant factor for many when selecting jewelry or birthstones.
Sources and Regional Associations
While specific mining locations aren’t extensively detailed in the provided sources, the origins of these gemstones are globally diverse. Lapis lazuli is historically sourced from Afghanistan, known for its high-quality specimens. Zircon is found in various locations, including Sri Lanka, Cambodia, and Australia. Carnelian deposits exist in Brazil, India, and Egypt. Aventurine is sourced from India, Russia, and Brazil. Peridot is found in Myanmar, Egypt, and the United States.
The association of certain stones with specific zodiac signs further highlights their connection to September. Blue Sapphire and Lapis Lazuli are linked to Virgo (August 23 – September 23), while Lapis Lazuli is also associated with Libra (September 24 – October 23). Aventurine is specifically linked to the zodiac sign Virgo.
Care and Cleaning
The care and cleaning of these alternative September birthstones vary depending on their hardness and composition. Lapis lazuli, being relatively soft, requires gentle handling and should be protected from scratches. Cleaning can be done with a soft cloth and mild soapy water. Zircon, with its good hardness, can be cleaned with warm soapy water and a soft brush. Carnelian and aventurine, also with moderate hardness, can be cleaned similarly. Peridot requires careful cleaning as it can be susceptible to damage from harsh chemicals or ultrasonic cleaners. A soft cloth and mild soapy water are recommended. It is generally advisable to avoid exposing any of these gemstones to extreme temperatures or harsh chemicals.
Conclusion
While sapphire remains the iconic September birthstone, the alternative gems – lapis lazuli, zircon, carnelian, aventurine, and peridot – offer a captivating range of colors, histories, and symbolic meanings. These gemstones represent a rich tapestry of cultural and geological heritage, providing individuals with a personalized connection to the month of September. Exploring these alternatives expands the tradition of birthstones, acknowledging the diverse and evolving nature of these cherished gems.