Alexandrite stands as a uniquely captivating gemstone, recognized as a modern birthstone for June alongside pearl and moonstone. Its most remarkable characteristic – a distinct color change depending on the light source – has cemented its place in gemological history and imbued it with rich symbolism. This article will delve into the history, gemological properties, astrological associations, and metaphysical significance of alexandrite, drawing solely from available sources.
History and Lore
The tradition of associating gemstones with specific months has evolved over centuries. Initially, each month was assigned a single birthstone, but this began to shift in the 20th century. Alexandrite was officially added as a June birthstone in 1952 by the Jewelry Industry Council of America, alongside its more traditional counterparts. This addition reflects the gem’s increasing recognition and desirability. The practice of assigning gemstones to months can be traced back to the Roman calendar and the Julian calendar in 46 BC, though adjustments to the Gregorian calendar in later centuries led to some discrepancies between zodiac signs and their associated stones.
Alexandrite is also linked to significant life events, specifically the celebration of a fifty-fifth wedding anniversary. This association further underscores its value and enduring symbolism.
Geological Formation and Sources
While the provided sources do not detail the specific geological conditions required for alexandrite formation, they do establish its chemical composition as a variety of the mineral chrysoberyl. The sources do not provide specific mining locations.
Gemological Properties
Alexandrite is prized for its exceptional optical phenomenon: its ability to change color. This “alexandrite effect” manifests as a green appearance in daylight or fluorescent light, shifting to red or purplish-red under incandescent light, such as candlelight. This dramatic transformation is the defining characteristic of the gem.
Beyond its color change, alexandrite possesses impressive physical properties. It registers 8.5 on the Mohs hardness scale, making it a durable gemstone suitable for various jewelry applications. Its refractive index ranges from approximately 1.745 to 1.755, contributing to its brilliance. The specific gravity of alexandrite falls between 3.68 and 3.74, indicating its relatively high density.
Here's a summary of its key properties:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Hardness (Mohs) | 8.5 |
| Refractive Index | 1.745 - 1.755 |
| Specific Gravity | 3.68 - 3.74 |
| Color Change | Green to Red/Purple |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Alexandrite carries a wealth of symbolic meaning, deeply rooted in both astrological and spiritual traditions. As a birthstone for June, it is associated with qualities like prosperity, balance, and emotional well-being. It is believed to bring luck and harmony to those born during this month.
Its connection to the Gemini zodiac sign (May 21 to June 20) is particularly noteworthy. Gemini, symbolized by twins, represents duality and adaptability. Alexandrite’s color-changing property is seen as a resonance with the multifaceted nature of Gemini individuals, enhancing their mental clarity, creativity, and adaptability.
In spiritual and metaphysical beliefs, alexandrite is considered a stone of transformation and balance. Its color change symbolizes adaptability and growth, making it a powerful tool for spiritual evolution and personal development. It is also associated with the heart chakra and the crown chakra, believed to stimulate energy flow, promote emotional healing, and enhance spiritual awareness.
Astrological Considerations
Astrological guidance suggests caution regarding alexandrite for individuals born under the signs of Taurus, Sagittarius, Cancer, or Virgo. These signs are advised to avoid wearing alexandrite, according to some astrologers. Conversely, those born in June, celebrating their fifty-fifth wedding anniversary, or possessing a Cancer zodiac sign, or ascendants of Leo, Gemini, Taurus, and Virgo, are encouraged to wear the stone.
Alexandrite Compared to Other Gemstones
Alexandrite is often contrasted with other gemstones, particularly amethyst. While amethyst, the birthstone of February, has a long history of use, alexandrite is a more recent addition to the birthstone lists. Amethyst displays a consistent violet color, whereas alexandrite exhibits its dynamic color change. Furthermore, alexandrite is harder, more durable, and generally more valuable than amethyst. Chemically, they differ significantly; alexandrite is a chrysoberyl variety, while amethyst is a form of quartz.
Pearl, another June birthstone, also differs significantly. Originating from the Latin word for leg, ‘Perna,’ referencing the shape of a mollusk shell, pearl has been admired since ancient times.
Rarity and Value
Alexandrite is widely considered the rarest birthstone, contributing to its unique value and desirability. The sources do not provide specific market values.
Care and Cleaning
The sources do not provide specific care and cleaning instructions for alexandrite. However, given its hardness of 8.5 on the Mohs scale, it is likely relatively durable and can withstand standard jewelry cleaning methods.
Conclusion
Alexandrite, June’s captivating birthstone, is a gem of remarkable beauty and profound symbolism. Its unique color-changing property, coupled with its astrological associations and metaphysical beliefs, has established it as a highly prized and sought-after gemstone. From its historical roots to its modern recognition, alexandrite continues to inspire and enchant with its transformative energy and enduring allure. Its rarity further enhances its value, making it a truly exceptional treasure for those born under the sign of Gemini or seeking a stone of balance and spiritual growth.