The tradition of associating gemstones with specific months, and thus with the individuals born within them, stretches back millennia. These “birthstones” are believed to hold unique energies and symbolic meanings, offering wearers good fortune and strengthening their inherent qualities. December, uniquely, boasts not one, but two recognized birthstones: Tanzanite and Zircon. Both gems offer distinct beauty and histories, representing a fascinating intersection of geological rarity, historical lore, and modern appeal. This article will delve into the origins, properties, symbolism, and care of these December birthstones, drawing upon available knowledge to provide a comprehensive overview.
A History Rooted in Tradition
The concept of birthstones has ancient origins. Early examples of associating stones with specific times of the year appear in biblical texts, such as the Book of Exodus, which references twelve stones connected to the tribes of Israel. These early associations gradually evolved over centuries, influenced by astrological beliefs and cultural traditions. While the modern standardization of birthstones is relatively recent, the practice of attributing meaning and power to gemstones has a long and rich history. The specific assignment of Tanzanite and Zircon to December is a more modern development, particularly in the case of Tanzanite, which gained prominence in the 20th century.
Tanzanite: A Recent Discovery with Rapid Appeal
Tanzanite is a relatively recent addition to the birthstone family, officially recognized in 2002. Its discovery occurred in the Merelani Hills of Tanzania, hence its name. The gem’s introduction to the international market was largely driven by Tiffany & Co., who recognized its potential and launched a significant advertising campaign in 1968. This campaign successfully established Tanzanite as a gem of international appeal, highlighting its vivid colors and exceptional clarity. The gem is exclusively mined in this single location, making it remarkably rare. It is also commonly gifted on a 24th wedding anniversary.
Zircon: A Gem with Ancient Roots and Modern Confusion
Zircon, in contrast to Tanzanite, has a much longer history of use. It is known for its brilliance and availability in a wide spectrum of colors, including red, orange, brown, yellow, green, and blue. However, it is often confused with other blue gemstones, particularly blue Topaz, which is frequently substituted for Zircon in December jewelry. Zircon’s hardness ranges from six to seven and a half on the Mohs scale, making it suitable for everyday wear with proper care. It is also commonly heat-treated to enhance or alter its color.
Gemological Properties: A Comparative Look
Both Tanzanite and Zircon possess unique gemological properties that contribute to their beauty and value.
Tanzanite:
- Hardness: 6 to 7 on the Mohs scale.
- Color: Typically displays a vivid blue hue, though it can also exhibit violet and purple tones.
- Clarity: Generally high clarity, contributing to its brilliance.
- Resistance: Resistant to heat, light, and common chemicals.
- Mining Location: Exclusively mined in the Merelani Hills of Tanzania.
Zircon:
- Hardness: 6 to 7.5 on the Mohs scale.
- Color: Available in a wide range of colors, including blue, red, orange, brown, yellow, and green.
- Treatment: Commonly heat-treated to produce different color varieties.
- Mining Location: Primary sources of production are Sri Lanka and Australia.
The following table summarizes the key gemological properties:
| Gemstone | Hardness (Mohs) | Color(s) | Mining Location |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tanzanite | 6-7 | Blue, Violet, Purple | Merelani Hills, Tanzania |
| Zircon | 6-7.5 | Red, Orange, Brown, Yellow, Green, Blue | Sri Lanka, Australia |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
While specific metaphysical beliefs associated with Tanzanite and Zircon are not extensively detailed in the provided sources, the general symbolism of gemstones is well-established. Birthstones are often believed to enhance the wearer’s inherent qualities and bring good fortune. The vibrant blue of Tanzanite is often associated with tranquility, wisdom, and spiritual awareness. Zircon, with its diverse color range, may be linked to various energies depending on its hue. The sources also mention connections to zodiac signs, with Sagittarius associated with Sapphire (a related gem) and Capricorn with Onyx. Furthermore, the practice of assigning gemstones to days of the week, based on planetary energies, suggests a belief in their ability to influence and harmonize with the wearer’s life.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and longevity of both Tanzanite and Zircon. Due to their hardness levels (6-7.5 on the Mohs scale), both gems can be susceptible to scratches and damage from harder materials. It is recommended to avoid wearing them during strenuous activities or when exposed to harsh chemicals. Cleaning can be performed with mild soap and warm water, using a soft brush to remove any dirt or debris. Tanzanite, in particular, can be sensitive to prolonged exposure to sunlight, which may fade its color. Therefore, it is advisable to store Tanzanite jewelry in a dark, secure place. Zircon, being heat-treated, may also be affected by extreme temperature changes.
Zodiac and Day-of-the-Week Gemstone Associations
The sources expand the concept of birthstones beyond monthly associations, introducing the idea of zodiac and day-of-the-week gemstones. Ancient astrologers believed that gemstones reflected the energies of the planets and constellations, offering a more personalized connection to the cosmos. For example, wearing a gold Topaz on Sunday is believed to harness the Sun’s vibrant energy, while an emerald on Friday is thought to promote love and excitement through Venus’s influence. This system provides an alternative way to select gemstones based on individual astrological profiles or daily intentions.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones, Tanzanite and Zircon, represent a captivating blend of modern discovery and ancient tradition. Tanzanite, with its recent emergence and exclusive origin, embodies rarity and sophistication. Zircon, with its long history and diverse color palette, offers a more accessible and versatile option. Both gems, however, share a common thread: their ability to captivate with their beauty and inspire with their symbolic meaning. Understanding their geological properties, historical context, and proper care allows enthusiasts and jewelry buyers to appreciate these December birthstones to their fullest extent. The enduring appeal of birthstones lies in their ability to connect us to the past, to the natural world, and to the unique qualities that define us as individuals.