The tradition of associating gemstones with specific months, known as birthstones, boasts a history stretching back centuries. While many months are represented by a single stone, several offer a choice of two or even three, providing individuals with a wider range of options based on personal preference, symbolism, or budget. This practice evolved from historical interpretations of ancient texts to modern adaptations driven by gemological discoveries and market demands. This article will delve into the months recognized for having multiple birthstones, exploring the origins of these choices and the unique characteristics of each gem.
Historical Roots of Multiple Birthstones
The earliest connections between gemstones and the calendar can be traced to biblical times and the writings of the historian Josephus. He linked the twelve stones in Aaron’s breastplate to the twelve tribes of Israel, suggesting a specific power or significance for each stone. However, interpretations of which stones corresponded to which tribes varied considerably. By the 8th and 9th centuries, the practice of assigning a single stone to each month began to emerge, eventually solidifying into the traditional birthstone system.
The modern birthstone list, as it is largely known today, began to take shape in 1912 when the National Association of Jewelers formalized a standard list. This list wasn’t static; updates in subsequent decades added alternate gems to increase accessibility, affordability, and cater to evolving tastes. The inclusion of additional stones wasn’t simply arbitrary. Historical regional variations in customs also played a role, with different cultures recognizing different gemstones for the same month.
Months with Dual Birthstones: A Closer Look
Several months benefit from having multiple birthstone options. These include March, June, August, October, November, and December. Each of these selections reflects a unique blend of historical precedent, gemological discovery, and commercial considerations.
March: Aquamarine and Bloodstone
March is represented by both Aquamarine and Bloodstone. Aquamarine, known for its serene blue hues, symbolizes calm and clarity. Bloodstone, a darker, green stone flecked with red, represents courage and strength. The traditional association with Bloodstone stems from ancient beliefs regarding its healing properties, while Aquamarine gained prominence as a modern alternative.
June: Pearl, Alexandrite, and Moonstone
June boasts a trio of birthstones: Pearl, Alexandrite, and Moonstone. Pearls, historically associated with purity and wisdom, have been treasured for millennia. Alexandrite, a rare color-changing gem, symbolizes balance and transformation. Moonstone, with its ethereal glow, embodies feminine energy, intuition, and mystery. This combination reflects a duality – the soft elegance of the pearl alongside the dynamic properties of Alexandrite and the mystical allure of Moonstone.
August: Peridot, Spinel, and Sardonyx
August offers a choice between Peridot, Spinel, and Sardonyx. Peridot, a vibrant green gem, was believed to offer protection, particularly against nightmares. Spinel, often mistaken for ruby, represents revitalization and passion. Sardonyx, a banded form of chalcedony, symbolizes strength, grounding, and stamina. The addition of Spinel to the August list in 2016 provided a more vibrant alternative to Peridot.
October: Opal and Tourmaline
October is represented by Opal and Tourmaline. Opal, celebrated for its play-of-color, embodies creativity and emotional depth. Tourmaline, available in a wide spectrum of colors, symbolizes compassion, protection, and healing. The choice between these two stones allows for a diverse range of aesthetic preferences.
November: Topaz and Citrine
November offers the choice of Topaz and Citrine. Topaz, available in various colors, has long been associated with strength and intellect. Citrine, a golden-hued gem, symbolizes joy and abundance. The inclusion of both stones provides options for different tastes and budgets.
December: Turquoise, Blue Zircon, Blue Topaz, and Tanzanite
December presents the most extensive selection, with Turquoise, Blue Zircon, Blue Topaz, and Tanzanite all recognized as birthstones. Turquoise, a traditional choice, has been valued for its protective qualities. Blue Zircon and Blue Topaz offer more affordable options, while Tanzanite, discovered in the 1960s and added to the list in 2002, represents a more modern and luxurious choice due to its rarity. The varying price points of these stones allow individuals to select a gem that aligns with their financial means.
Modern vs. Traditional Birthstones
The distinction between traditional and modern birthstones is significant. Traditional birthstones are deeply rooted in ancient customs, often influenced by religion or local lore. Modern birthstones, standardized by the Jewelers of America in 1912 and updated over time, reflect gemstone availability, market demand, and jewelry design trends.
The recent additions of stones like Spinel (to August in 2016) and Tanzanite (to December in 2002) demonstrate this evolution. While traditional gems like turquoise and pearl remain popular due to their affordability and cultural significance, the modern list offers a broader range of choices, including rarer and more expensive options. Ultimately, individuals are free to draw from both lists and select the stones that resonate with them most.
Factors Influencing Birthstone Selection
Beyond personal preference, several factors influence birthstone selection. Color plays a crucial role, with the intensity and purity of the hue impacting a gemstone’s value. For example, a high-quality Amethyst exhibits a deep, rich purple color. Budget is another significant consideration, as the price of birthstones can vary considerably. The December birthstones illustrate this point, with Blue Topaz being the most affordable, Tanzanite being the most expensive due to its rarity.
Ultimately, the choice of a birthstone is a personal one, reflecting individual style, symbolism, and financial considerations. The availability of multiple options for certain months empowers individuals to select a gem that truly represents them.
Conclusion
The practice of assigning gemstones to birth months has evolved significantly over time, from ancient traditions to modern adaptations. The existence of multiple birthstones for several months reflects this evolution, offering a wider range of choices based on historical precedent, gemological discoveries, and market demands. Whether one chooses a traditional gem steeped in lore or a modern addition reflecting contemporary tastes, the selection of a birthstone remains a deeply personal and meaningful experience. The spectrum of choice available for months like June, August, October, November, and December ensures that individuals can find a gemstone that resonates with their unique identity and preferences.