For those born on December 28th, the birthstone is a gem of exceptional rarity and beauty—Tanzanite. Discovered in 1967, this gemstone is not only a marvel of geology but also a symbol of elegance and mystique. Tanzanite is characterized by its unique trichroic nature, displaying shades of blue, violet, and deep indigo, making it a truly captivating gemstone. In this article, we will explore the history, geological formation, gemological properties, symbolism, and care of Tanzanite, as well as its role as a December birthstone.
History and Lore
Tanzanite was discovered in the foothills of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania in 1967. Initially mistaken for sapphire due to its striking blue-violet hues, Tanzanite's true identity was soon recognized due to its unique geological properties and distinct color spectrum. This gemstone is found in only one location in the world—northern Tanzania—making it one of the rarest gemstones on the planet. Tanzanite quickly gained popularity and was officially recognized as a December birthstone, joining other December gems such as Turquoise, Blue Zircon, and Blue Topaz.
The allure of Tanzanite is not only due to its rarity but also its rich history and cultural significance. It is often associated with transformation, wisdom, and spiritual growth. In ancient times, similar gemstones were believed to possess protective and healing properties, and Tanzanite continues to carry these associations in modern metaphysical beliefs.
Geological Formation and Sources
Tanzanite is a form of the mineral zoisite, which is a calcium aluminum silicate with the chemical formula Ca₂Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)O(OH). What makes Tanzanite unique is its trichroic nature, meaning it can display three different colors—blue, violet, and red—depending on the angle from which it is viewed. This property is due to the way light interacts with the gemstone's crystal structure.
The formation of Tanzanite is a fascinating geological process. It is found in metamorphic rocks, specifically in the area of the Merelani Hills in northern Tanzania. These rocks have undergone high-pressure and high-temperature conditions, which are essential for the formation of this gemstone. The specific conditions that lead to the formation of Tanzanite are rare, which contributes to its limited availability.
Mining Tanzanite is a delicate process due to the gemstone's relative softness compared to other gems. Tanzanite has a hardness of 6 to 6.5 on the Mohs scale, which means it can be easily scratched or damaged. As a result, mining operations must be carefully managed to ensure the gemstone is extracted without damage. Tanzanite is typically found in pockets within the metamorphic rock, and miners use manual methods to extract the gemstone, minimizing the risk of damage.
Gemological Properties
Tanzanite is prized not only for its color but also for its other gemological properties. Here are some key characteristics:
- Color: Tanzanite is known for its striking blue-violet hues. The color can vary from deep indigo to vibrant purple, and the trichroic nature of the gemstone allows it to display different colors when viewed from various angles.
- Clarity: Tanzanite is generally included, meaning it contains visible inclusions. These inclusions can affect the clarity of the gemstone but are often considered part of its character and charm.
- Cut: Tanzanite is typically cut into oval, cushion, or emerald shapes to enhance its color and brilliance. The cut is crucial in maximizing the gemstone's trichroic properties.
- Carat: Tanzanite can be found in a range of sizes, from small melee stones to large, impressive pieces. Larger Tanzanites are rare and highly valuable.
- Hardness: As mentioned earlier, Tanzanite has a hardness of 6 to 6.5 on the Mohs scale, which makes it relatively soft compared to other gemstones like diamonds (10) or sapphires (9).
- Chemical Formula: Tanzanite is a form of zoisite with the chemical formula Ca₂Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)O(OH).
- Refractive Index: The refractive index of Tanzanite ranges from 1.694 to 1.700, which contributes to its brilliance and sparkle.
These properties make Tanzanite a unique and desirable gemstone for both jewelry and collectors. Its rarity and beauty have made it a favorite among gemstone enthusiasts, and it continues to be a popular choice for those seeking a meaningful and elegant gemstone.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Tanzanite is associated with a range of symbolic and metaphysical beliefs. In many cultures, it is believed to promote transformation, spiritual growth, and emotional healing. The gemstone is often used in meditation and spiritual practices to enhance intuition and open the heart chakra. It is also thought to help individuals connect with their higher selves and access their inner wisdom.
In addition to its spiritual properties, Tanzanite is believed to have protective qualities. It is said to shield the wearer from negative energies and promote a sense of calm and balance. This protective aspect makes Tanzanite a popular choice for those seeking to enhance their emotional well-being and find inner peace.
Tanzanite is also associated with creativity and communication. It is believed to stimulate the throat chakra, enhancing the ability to express oneself clearly and confidently. This makes it a valuable gemstone for artists, writers, and public speakers who seek to enhance their communication skills.
The gemstone's connection to transformation and growth is particularly relevant for those born on December 28th. As a December birthstone, Tanzanite symbolizes the end of one year and the beginning of a new one, making it a fitting gemstone for those seeking to embrace change and new beginnings.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its relative softness, Tanzanite requires careful handling and cleaning to maintain its beauty and longevity. Here are some tips for caring for Tanzanite jewelry:
- Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Tanzanite should not be exposed to harsh chemicals, including household cleaners, perfumes, and lotions. These substances can damage the gemstone and affect its color and clarity.
- Gentle Cleaning: Tanzanite can be cleaned using warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Gently scrub the gemstone to remove any dirt or debris, and then rinse it with lukewarm water. Dry the gemstone with a soft cloth to avoid scratching.
- Avoid Heat: Tanzanite is sensitive to heat, so it should not be exposed to high temperatures. Avoid using ultrasonic cleaners or steam cleaners, as these can cause the gemstone to crack or lose its color.
- Storage: When not in use, Tanzanite should be stored in a soft, padded jewelry box or pouch to protect it from scratches and damage. It is best to store Tanzanite separately from other gemstones to prevent any potential damage.
- Professional Cleaning: For more thorough cleaning, it is advisable to have Tanzanite jewelry professionally cleaned by a jeweler. They can use specialized techniques to ensure the gemstone is cleaned without damage.
By following these care instructions, Tanzanite jewelry can retain its brilliance and beauty for many years. Proper care is essential for preserving the gemstone's value and ensuring it remains a cherished piece of jewelry.
Conclusion
Tanzanite is a remarkable gemstone that combines beauty, rarity, and symbolism in a unique way. As the birthstone for those born on December 28th, it holds a special place in the world of gemstones. Its trichroic nature, geological rarity, and spiritual significance make it a gemstone of great interest and value.
Whether worn as a piece of jewelry or collected as a gemstone, Tanzanite offers a captivating blend of history, beauty, and meaning. Its role as a December birthstone is a testament to its enduring appeal and the rich cultural heritage associated with it. For those who are drawn to the allure of Tanzanite, it is not just a gemstone but a symbol of transformation, wisdom, and spiritual growth.