If you were born on December 3rd, you are privileged to have the unique distinction of being associated with three different birthstones: tanzanite, turquoise, and zircon. These gemstones are not only visually captivating but also rich in history, symbolism, and geological significance. Each carries its own story, from ancient traditions to modern appreciation, and offers a unique connection to the month of December—symbolizing change, celebration, and the turning of the year.
This article delves into the characteristics, origins, cultural meanings, and practical care of these December 3rd birthstones, drawing from authoritative and historically grounded sources to provide a comprehensive and accurate overview for gemstone enthusiasts, jewelry collectors, and those curious about the significance of birthstones.
History and Lore
The tradition of assigning gemstones to months of the year dates back centuries, with roots in ancient religious and cultural texts. The earliest known birthstone list appears in the Biblical Book of Exodus, where Aaron’s breastplate was adorned with twelve gemstones representing the twelve tribes of Israel. This sacred practice laid the foundation for the modern concept of birthstones.
By the 1870s, birthstones had taken on a more secular and commercial identity, with jewelers like Tiffany & Co. promoting the idea through literature such as their "Gregorian Birthstone Poems" pamphlet. Over time, the list has evolved, with some stones added, removed, or reclassified, especially in months that now include multiple birthstones.
December, in particular, has seen the most change in its birthstone list. Originally associated with ruby, December now includes five recognized birthstones: turquoise, zircon, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and topaz. This expansion reflects both practical considerations (offering more affordable alternatives) and the cultural and symbolic diversity of the gemstones themselves.
For those born on December 3rd, the selection is even more specific: tanzanite, turquoise, and zircon are the stones associated with this date. Each has its own distinct history and significance, from ancient civilizations to modern gemology.
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is a relatively modern gemstone, first discovered in 1967 in Tanzania, near Mount Kilimanjaro. It was originally a type of zoisite and was transformed into the vibrant blue to violet gemstone through heat treatment. Named after its country of origin, tanzanite is one of the world’s rarest gemstones, found only in one location on the planet. Its discovery and rise in popularity in the 1980s and 1990s made it a symbol of exclusivity and rarity.
Tanzanite was officially added to the December birthstone list in 2002, bringing a new dimension to December’s gemstone tradition. Its association with December 3rd highlights its connection to transformation and spiritual growth—qualities that align with the month’s themes of renewal and reflection.
Turquoise
Turquoise is one of the oldest gemstones known to humankind, with a history stretching back to antiquity. It was used by ancient Egyptians, Persians, and Native Americans for both decorative and spiritual purposes. The name “turquoise” comes from the French word for Turkey, as the gemstone was once believed to originate from that region, though it is actually formed in arid regions worldwide.
In many ancient cultures, turquoise was considered a stone of protection, healing, and divine connection. The Egyptians used it in jewelry and amulets, while the Aztecs believed it had powerful protective properties. Its presence in December’s birthstone list reflects its long-standing cultural and symbolic significance.
Turquoise has been a traditional December birthstone for centuries. It was first listed in the 1870s by Tiffany & Co. and later included in the 1912 and 1952 birthstone revisions. By 2002, with the addition of tanzanite and zircon, December's birthstone list expanded, but turquoise remained a central gemstone for the month.
Zircon
Zircon is an ancient mineral, with some zircon crystals found in Australia dating back over 4 billion years, making them among the oldest known materials on Earth. However, zircon as a gemstone was not widely recognized until the 20th century. The blue variety, known as blue zircon, became especially popular in the 1970s and 1980s for its brilliance and affordability.
Zircon was added to the December birthstone list in 1952 by the Jewelry Industry Council of America, acknowledging its beauty and historical value. For December 3rd, zircon represents clarity, wisdom, and the connection between the physical and spiritual worlds. Its presence in the December birthstone list underscores the diversity of gemstones available to those born in this month.
Geological Formation and Sources
Each of the December 3rd birthstones has a distinct geological formation process and source, contributing to their rarity, beauty, and value.
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is a trigonal crystal that forms under high-pressure, low-temperature conditions in metamorphic rock. It is found exclusively in Tanzania, near the Usambara Mountains, making it one of the world’s most unique and geologically exclusive gemstones. The gem is a type of zoisite that was first discovered in a violet form, but its vibrant blue to violet color is achieved through heat treatment.
Tanzanite was named after its country of origin and was first marketed in the 1960s. It gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s, becoming a symbol of luxury and rarity. The deposits are limited, and experts estimate that the gemstone will become even rarer in the future as the mines near depletion.
Turquoise
Turquoise is formed through a chemical process involving copper and phosphorus, often in arid regions where weathering and erosion create the right conditions for its formation. It forms in weathered volcanic rock and sedimentary rock, typically in cavities and cracks where mineral-rich water can seep and crystallize.
The most famous sources of turquoise include Nevada, Iran, and Mexico, though it is found in various parts of the world, including China, Egypt, and the United States. Turquoise is often porous, requiring stabilization with oils or resins to enhance its durability and color.
Its formation process gives turquoise a unique bluish-green color, which varies depending on the presence of impurities like iron and aluminum. This variability has made turquoise a popular gemstone for centuries, used in everything from jewelry to ornamental carvings.
Zircon
Zircon is a zirconium silicate that forms in igneous and metamorphic rocks. It is one of the oldest minerals on Earth, with some zircon crystals found in Australia dating back over 4 billion years. This makes zircon one of the most ancient minerals known to science.
Zircon occurs in a wide range of colors, including colorless, yellow, red, and blue. The blue zircon found in jewelry is the result of heat treatment, which alters the mineral’s structure and enhances its color. Zircon is found in various parts of the world, including Brazil, Cambodia, and Myanmar, but its inclusion in the December birthstone list is especially tied to its brilliant fire and clarity.
The gemstone's high refractive index gives it a fire similar to diamonds and moissanite, making it a popular alternative for affordable yet beautiful jewelry.
Gemological Properties
Understanding the gemological properties of each December 3rd birthstone is essential for both appreciation and care. These properties include hardness, color, clarity, and chemical composition, all of which affect the gemstone’s durability and suitability for jewelry.
Tanzanite
- Chemical Composition: Calcium aluminum silicate (Ca₂Al₃(SiO₄)₃(OH))
- Color: Blue to violet (achieved through heat treatment)
- Hardness (Mohs Scale): 6 to 6.5
- Luster: Vitreous (glassy)
- Transparency: Transparent to translucent
- Crystal System: Trigonal
- Refractive Index: 1.694 to 1.701
Tanzanite is relatively soft compared to harder gemstones like diamonds or sapphires, making it susceptible to scratches and fractures if not handled properly. Its high refractive index and pleochroism (displaying different colors from different angles) contribute to its visual appeal.
Turquoise
- Chemical Composition: Hydrated copper aluminum phosphate (CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O)
- Color: Blue to green (varies with impurities)
- Hardness (Mohs Scale): 5 to 6
- Luster: Waxy to greasy
- Transparency: Opaque
- Crystal System: Trigonal
- Refractive Index: 1.61 to 1.65
Turquoise is a soft and porous gemstone that is easily scratched or damaged. It is also sensitive to oils, lotions, and changes in moisture content, which can alter its color. Turquoise is often stabilized with resins or oils to improve its durability and color retention.
Zircon
- Chemical Composition: Zirconium silicate (ZrSiO₄)
- Color: Colorless, blue, yellow, red (blue zircon is the most popular in jewelry)
- Hardness (Mohs Scale): 6.5 to 7.5
- Luster: Vitreous
- Transparency: Transparent to translucent
- Crystal System: Tetragonal
- Refractive Index: 1.92 to 2.01
Zircon is a hard and durable gemstone, especially the blue zircon commonly used in jewelry. It has a high refractive index, giving it a sparkling, diamond-like fire. Zircon is also pleochroic, meaning it can show different colors depending on the angle of view.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Each of the December 3rd birthstones carries rich symbolism and metaphysical properties, believed to influence the wearer’s life in various ways.
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is associated with transformation, spiritual growth, and emotional healing. It is often used in meditation and is believed to enhance intuition and psychic awareness. In metaphysical traditions, tanzanite is thought to open the third eye and crown chakras, promoting a deeper connection with the spiritual realm.
The gemstone is also linked to success and abundance, making it a popular choice for those seeking to manifest their goals. Its rarity and exclusivity add to its symbolic value, representing the uniqueness of the individual and the importance of personal growth.
Turquoise
Turquoise has long been revered for its protective and healing properties. In ancient cultures, it was believed to ward off evil, enhance vitality, and promote longevity. The gemstone is also associated with peace, calm, and communication, making it a popular stone for those seeking to improve their relationships or find inner balance.
In some traditions, turquoise is considered a stone of the throat chakra, helping to enhance speech and self-expression. It is also believed to soothe anxiety and promote mental clarity, making it a valuable tool for meditation and emotional healing.
Zircon
Zircon is known as the stone of wisdom and clarity. It is believed to enhance mental focus, stimulate creativity, and encourage truth-seeking. In metaphysical practices, zircon is used to activate the heart and crown chakras, promoting emotional healing and spiritual insight.
Zircon is also associated with good luck and prosperity, making it a popular choice for those seeking to attract abundance and success. Its brilliant fire and clarity symbolize inner light and clarity of thought, helping the wearer to navigate challenges with confidence and insight.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintaining the beauty and longevity of your December 3rd birthstone. The specific care instructions depend on the gemstone's hardness, porosity, and chemical sensitivity.
Tanzanite
- Avoid exposure to heat and sunlight, as prolonged exposure can cause fading.
- Store tanzanite separately from harder gemstones to prevent scratches.
- Use a soft cloth and mild soap and water to clean the gemstone.
- Avoid harsh chemicals and ultrasonic cleaners, which can damage the stone.
Turquoise
- Turquoise is sensitive to oils, lotions, and moisture, so it should be stored in a dry environment.
- Avoid exposure to heat and chemicals, which can cause discoloration.
- Clean with a soft cloth and mild soap and water.
- Avoid ultrasonic cleaners, as they can damage the porous structure of the gemstone.
Zircon
- Zircon is relatively durable, but avoid harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures.
- Clean with a soft cloth and mild soap and water.
- Ultrasonic cleaners are generally safe for zircon but should be used with caution.
Conclusion
December 3rd is associated with three beautiful and meaningful gemstones: tanzanite, turquoise, and zircon. Each of these stones has its own unique history, geological properties, and symbolic meaning, making them rich in both aesthetic and cultural significance.
Tanzanite, with its rare blue to violet color, represents transformation and spiritual growth. Turquoise, one of the oldest known gemstones, symbolizes protection, healing, and wisdom. Zircon, with its brilliant fire and clarity, is a stone of clarity, creativity, and prosperity.
These December 3rd birthstones not only serve as beautiful adornments but also as symbols of personal and spiritual connection. Whether used in jewelry, meditation, or daily wear, they offer a unique and meaningful way to celebrate the month of December and the individual born on this day.