March, the transitional month between winter and spring, is symbolically represented by two distinct yet equally compelling birthstones: aquamarine and bloodstone. These gemstones, each with their own unique properties, colors, and lore, reflect the duality of the month—offering both calming serenity and invigorating strength. This duality makes March an especially rich and versatile month in the birthstone calendar, offering those born during this time a choice between two extraordinary gems.
This article delves into the rich history, geological properties, symbolic meanings, and practical care of these two March birthstones. We will also explore their cultural and spiritual significance, as well as their roles in jewelry and crystal healing practices.
Introduction
March is unique in that it is associated with two primary birthstones: aquamarine and bloodstone. While aquamarine is the more widely recognized of the two, both stones have long histories and deep cultural connections. These gemstones have been revered for centuries for their aesthetic beauty and their purported metaphysical properties.
Aquamarine, with its tranquil blue hues, is a member of the beryl family and is often associated with calmness, communication, and emotional balance. Bloodstone, a type of jasper with red flecks, is known for its grounding energy and is traditionally linked to strength, vitality, and courage.
The inclusion of both gemstones in the March birthstone list is not arbitrary. Rather, it reflects a blend of historical, geological, and cultural influences. Over time, the selection of birthstones has evolved, with the National Association of Jewellers adjusting the list to reflect availability, affordability, and cultural relevance. In the case of March, bloodstone was once the sole representative before aquamarine was added to the list.
In the following sections, we will explore the geological and historical origins of both aquamarine and bloodstone, their symbolic meanings across different cultures, and their role in both jewelry and crystal healing. We will also provide practical advice on how to care for these gemstones to preserve their beauty and longevity.
History and Lore
Aquamarine
Aquamarine’s history is steeped in myth and legend. The name itself derives from the Latin words aqua (water) and marina (sea), reflecting the gemstone’s striking resemblance to the ocean. Ancient Roman sailors believed that aquamarine protected them from the dangers of the sea and brought them good fortune. They would carry the stone with them on voyages, believing it would calm turbulent waters and ensure safe passage.
During the Middle Ages, aquamarine was thought to have the power to cool tempers and promote calmness of mind. It was also believed to be a protective stone against poisoning, a belief that led to its popularity among royalty and nobility.
The 19th century saw aquamarine gain popularity in European jewelry, particularly during the Victorian era. It was often used in mourning jewelry, as its pale blue color was associated with tranquility and peace. In the 20th century, aquamarine became a popular choice for engagement rings and fine jewelry, thanks to its durability and attractive color.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone, also known as heliotrope, is a type of jasper that is characterized by its deep green background and red flecks. The red flecks are often interpreted as drops of blood, which is where the gemstone gets its name. This stone has a long history of being associated with vitality, courage, and protection.
In ancient times, bloodstone was believed to have the power to stop bleeding and heal wounds. It was used in medicine and was often carried by warriors and soldiers to protect them in battle. The stone was also associated with the blood of Christ and was used in religious artifacts during the Middle Ages.
Bloodstone was particularly valued by ancient Egyptians and Greeks, who believed it had the power to enhance strength and vitality. In medieval Europe, bloodstone was worn as a protective talisman, especially by those in high-risk professions such as soldiers and sailors. It was also used in the creation of seals and signet rings.
Geological Formation and Sources
Aquamarine
Aquamarine is a member of the beryl family, which also includes emerald and morganite. It forms in granitic pegmatites and is typically found in sedimentary rocks. The gemstone is composed primarily of beryllium aluminum silicate (Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆), with its blue coloration caused by the presence of ferrous iron (Fe²⁺).
Aquamarine is known for its durability, with a hardness of 7.5 to 8 on the Mohs scale, making it suitable for use in everyday jewelry. It is pleochroic, meaning it can display different colors depending on the angle from which it is viewed.
The most significant sources of aquamarine include Brazil, Madagascar, Nigeria, and the United States. The Santa Maria Aquamarine from Brazil is particularly prized for its vivid blue color and clarity. Aquamarine deposits are also found in Ukraine, Zambia, and China.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone is a type of chert, a microcrystalline form of silicon dioxide (SiO₂). It is composed of green jasper with hematite inclusions, which give it its characteristic red flecks. The green color comes from the presence of iron oxide in the jasper matrix, while the red flecks are due to the presence of hematite (iron oxide in a different crystal form).
Bloodstone is typically found in sandstone deposits and is often mined in India, Brazil, Australia, and the United States. The stone is relatively hard, with a hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, making it suitable for use in jewelry, although it requires careful handling to avoid damage.
Bloodstone is also known for its translucency, which allows light to pass through it, enhancing its visual appeal. It is often cut into cabochons for use in rings, pendants, and seals.
Gemological Properties
| Property | Aquamarine | Bloodstone |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆ | SiO₂ (with iron oxide inclusions) |
| Color | Pale blue to deep blue | Green with red flecks |
| Hardness (Mohs Scale) | 7.5–8 | 6.5–7 |
| Refractive Index | 1.56–1.60 | 1.48–1.53 |
| Specific Gravity | 2.66–2.83 | 2.55–2.65 |
| Luster | Vitreous | Waxy to vitreous |
| Cleavage | Perfect in one direction | No cleavage |
| Transparency | Transparent to translucent | Translucent to opaque |
| Inclusions | May contain gas bubbles or mineral inclusions | Hematite inclusions (red flecks) |
| Pleochroism | Yes (blue and green) | No |
Aquamarine’s clarity and color make it a highly desirable gemstone for fine jewelry. It is often cut into emerald cuts, ovals, and round brilliants, depending on the desired effect. Bloodstone, on the other hand, is usually cut into cabochons to highlight its inclusions and color contrast. Both stones are relatively easy to work with in jewelry design and are valued for their durability and beauty.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Aquamarine
Aquamarine is often associated with serenity, communication, and emotional balance. Its calming blue color is said to have a soothing effect on the mind and body, helping to reduce stress and anxiety. In crystal healing, aquamarine is believed to enhance inner peace, clarity of thought, and emotional healing.
One of the most well-known metaphysical properties of aquamarine is its ability to enhance communication. It is believed to help individuals express themselves more clearly and confidently, making it a popular stone for public speakers, writers, and those in positions of leadership.
Aquamarine is also associated with the throat chakra, which governs communication, truth, and self-expression. It is believed to help align the thyroid gland with the pituitary gland, regulating hormones and growth. In some traditions, aquamarine is considered a stone of protection, particularly for travelers and sailors.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone is often referred to as the "stone of courage" and is associated with strength, vitality, and protection. Its red flecks are believed to symbolize the life-giving power of blood, and the stone is often used in rituals and healing practices related to energy, endurance, and resilience.
In crystal healing, bloodstone is believed to have a grounding effect, helping individuals stay rooted in the present and overcome feelings of fear or anxiety. It is also associated with the root chakra, which is linked to stability, security, and physical health.
Bloodstone is believed to boost vitality and stamina, making it a popular stone for athletes and those recovering from illness. It is also used in the treatment of infections, inflammation, and skin conditions. In some traditions, bloodstone is considered a protective stone, particularly for warriors and those in high-stress professions.
Care and Cleaning
Aquamarine
Due to its high hardness (7.5–8 on the Mohs scale), aquamarine is relatively durable and can be worn daily in jewelry. However, it is still important to handle it with care to avoid damage.
Aquamarine should be cleaned using mild soap and warm water. A soft brush can be used to gently remove any dirt or debris. Avoid using harsh chemicals, abrasive cleaners, or steam cleaners, as these can damage the stone or its setting.
Aquamarine should also be stored separately from other gemstones to prevent scratching. It is not recommended to expose aquamarine to extreme heat or direct sunlight for prolonged periods, as this can cause fading or discoloration.
When wearing aquamarine jewelry, it is important to avoid contact with harsh chemicals, such as household cleaners, perfumes, and lotions, as these can dull the stone’s luster.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone is slightly less durable than aquamarine, with a hardness of 6.5–7 on the Mohs scale. While it is suitable for use in jewelry, it requires more careful handling to avoid scratches or chips.
Bloodstone should be cleaned using mild soap and warm water. A soft brush can be used to gently clean the surface. Avoid using harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, or steam cleaners, as these can damage the stone.
Bloodstone should be stored in a soft cloth or padded container to prevent it from coming into contact with other gemstones or hard surfaces. It is also important to avoid exposure to extreme temperatures, as this can cause the stone to become brittle or discolored.
When wearing bloodstone jewelry, it is important to avoid contact with harsh chemicals, such as household cleaners, perfumes, and lotions. These can dull the stone’s luster and affect its appearance over time.
Conclusion
March birthstones—aquamarine and bloodstone—offer a unique duality that reflects the essence of the month. While aquamarine is associated with calmness, communication, and emotional balance, bloodstone is linked to strength, vitality, and protection. Together, they represent a perfect balance between serenity and power.
These gemstones have a rich history, with both stones being used for centuries in jewelry, healing practices, and spiritual rituals. Their geological properties make them suitable for a wide range of jewelry designs, while their symbolic meanings continue to resonate with those who wear them.
Whether you are drawn to the soothing blue of aquamarine or the grounding energy of bloodstone, both stones offer a meaningful connection to the past, present, and future. For those born in March, these gemstones serve as a beautiful reminder of the strength and serenity that define this transitional month.