June 28 falls within the month of June, one of only three months in the modern birthstone calendar that is associated with three distinct gemstones: pearl, moonstone, and alexandrite. This unique distinction reflects the rich history and cultural significance of June’s birthstones, each with its own set of properties, symbolism, and uses in jewelry and spiritual practices.
This article delves into the origins, gemological characteristics, and symbolic meanings of June’s three birthstones, offering a comprehensive overview that will interest gemstone enthusiasts, jewelry collectors, and those curious about the historical and cultural roots of these beautiful stones.
Introduction
June, a month of celebration and transformation, is symbolically represented by three gemstones—pearl, moonstone, and alexandrite. Each of these stones carries a unique set of attributes that reflect different aspects of June-born individuals, from emotional depth and intuition to transformation and balance.
The tradition of assigning gemstones to specific months has evolved over centuries, with early lists drawing from biblical and kabbalistic texts. The modern birthstone list was formalized in the early 20th century by jewelry trade organizations, and June’s selection has undergone several revisions over time.
Today, pearls are most commonly associated with June and remain the most popular choice for those born on June 28. However, moonstone and alexandrite also hold a special place in June’s birthstone lore, and all three are celebrated for their beauty, rarity, and symbolic power.
In the following sections, we will explore the historical background, gemological properties, and cultural meanings of June’s birthstones, as well as practical considerations for their care and use in jewelry.
History and Lore
The tradition of assigning gemstones to months of the year is believed to have originated in biblical times, where certain stones were associated with the twelve tribes of Israel or the twelve apostles. These early associations were later adapted into kabbalistic and medieval European traditions, forming the basis for the modern birthstone calendar.
In the case of June, the earliest references to gemstones were less consistent. As one source notes, early birthstone lists interpreted June’s stones as either agate or emerald—both of which are now associated with other months. This reflects the evolving nature of the birthstone tradition, as different cultures and societies adapted and expanded the list over time.
By the 18th century, the practice of assigning gemstones to each month became more standardized. Pearls were officially designated as June’s birthstone in the 1870s, and they have since become the most widely recognized and cherished of the three. Pearls were valued not only for their beauty but also for their symbolic meaning, representing emotional balance, wisdom, and grace.
Moonstone was added to the list in the early 20th century by the National Association of Jewellers (now the Jewelers of America) as an alternative to pearl. Its ethereal glow and association with intuition and new beginnings made it a fitting complement to June’s themes of balance and renewal.
Alexandrite, the most recent addition to June’s birthstone list, was introduced in the 1950s. Discovered in the 19th century in the Ural Mountains of Russia, alexandrite is known for its dramatic color change, appearing green in daylight and red under incandescent light. This unique property made it a symbol of duality and transformation, aligning with the energetic and dynamic spirit of June.
Together, these three gemstones reflect the complexity and richness of June’s character. Pearls represent emotional depth and stability, moonstone supports intuition and new beginnings, and alexandrite embodies transformation and adaptability.
Geological Formation and Sources
Each of June’s birthstones has a distinct geological origin, formed through different processes and found in various parts of the world.
Pearl
Pearls are not mined from the earth like most gemstones but are instead formed within living mollusks, primarily oysters and mussels. The formation process begins when a foreign object, such as a grain of sand, enters the mollusk’s mantle tissue. In response, the mollusk secretes layers of nacre, a combination of calcium carbonate and conchiolin, around the irritant. Over time, these layers build up to form a smooth, lustrous pearl.
Pearls can be found in both saltwater and freshwater environments. The most valuable pearls are typically cultivated in saltwater, especially in the Persian Gulf, the South China Sea, and the Gulf of California. These regions are known for producing high-quality pearls with strong luster and smooth surfaces.
The nacre’s thickness plays a crucial role in a pearl’s luster. Thicker nacre layers reflect more light, resulting in a brighter and more brilliant shine. This is why pearls with a high luster are considered more valuable and are often used in fine jewelry.
Moonstone
Moonstone is a type of feldspar known for its adularescence—a soft, billowy light that appears to float across its surface. This effect is caused by the intergrowth of two feldspar minerals, orthoclase and albite, which scatter light as it passes through the stone.
Moonstone is typically found in metamorphic and igneous rocks, particularly in pegmatite deposits. The most famous source of moonstone is the Ural Mountains of Russia, where it was first discovered in the 19th century. Other notable sources include Sri Lanka, India, and the United States, where moonstone is mined in states like Oregon and New York.
The most prized moonstone exhibits a strong, white sheen with a pale blue flash, often referred to as “bluish moonstone.” This variety is highly sought after for its ethereal appearance and is commonly used in jewelry.
Alexandrite
Alexandrite is a rare variety of chrysoberyl, a mineral known for its hardness and durability. Its remarkable color change is caused by the presence of trace amounts of chromium, which alters the way the stone absorbs and reflects light. In daylight, alexandrite appears green or greenish-blue, while under incandescent light, it turns a deep red or purplish hue.
Alexandrite was first discovered in the Ural Mountains of Russia in the 1830s. However, due to the depletion of Russian deposits, most modern alexandrite comes from Brazil, Madagascar, and Sri Lanka. These countries produce alexandrite with varying degrees of color change and clarity, with the most valuable specimens exhibiting a vivid transition between green and red.
The rarity and beauty of alexandrite have made it a highly prized gemstone. Because of its unique properties, alexandrite is often considered a collector’s item and is used in high-end jewelry and investment pieces.
Gemological Properties
Understanding the gemological properties of June’s birthstones is essential for appreciating their beauty and value. Below is a comparison of their key characteristics:
| Property | Pearl | Moonstone | Alexandrite |
|---|---|---|---|
| Color | White, cream, pink, silver, black | White, gray, blue, peach | Green in daylight, red under incandescent light |
| Hardness (Mohs Scale) | 2.5–4.5 | 6–6.5 | 8.5 |
| Luster | Pearly | Vitreous with adularescence | Vitreous |
| Transparency | Translucent to opaque | Translucent | Transparent |
| Refractive Index | 1.50–1.70 | 1.52–1.57 | 1.74–1.76 |
| Specific Gravity | 2.71–2.76 | 2.58–2.63 | 3.73–3.78 |
| Cleavage | None (layered structure) | None | Cleavage (perfect) |
| Origin | Oysters and mussels | Pegmatite, metamorphic rocks | Chrysoberyl in granite and metamorphic rocks |
Pearl
Pearls are unique in that they are not cut or shaped like traditional gemstones. Instead, they are polished to enhance their natural luster and roundness. The quality of a pearl is determined by several factors:
- Luster: As previously mentioned, luster is one of the most important factors in evaluating a pearl’s value. A high luster indicates a thick nacre layer and a smooth surface.
- Shape: While round pearls are the most desirable for jewelry, pearls can also be found in other shapes such as oval, baroque, and drop.
- Size: Larger pearls are generally more valuable, though the size must be balanced with luster and surface quality.
- Surface Quality: Pearls with a smooth, blemish-free surface are considered more valuable than those with pits, cracks, or other imperfections.
- Color: Pearls can range in color from white and cream to pink, silver, and black. The color is influenced by the type of mollusk and the environment in which the pearl was formed.
Moonstone
Moonstone is prized for its adularescence, which is the most defining characteristic of the stone. This effect is caused by the intergrowth of two feldspar minerals and is most visible when the stone is cut as a cabochon (a smooth, rounded shape without facets).
- Color: The most valuable moonstone exhibits a strong, white sheen with a pale blue flash. Other colors, such as peach and gray, are also found but are less desirable.
- Hardness: Moonstone has a hardness of 6–6.5 on the Mohs scale, making it relatively soft and prone to scratches and chips.
- Luster: Moonstone has a vitreous luster with the characteristic adularescence that gives it its ethereal glow.
- Cleavage: Moonstone does not have cleavage, but it can be brittle and is best handled with care.
Alexandrite
Alexandrite is one of the rarest and most valuable gemstones in the world, largely due to its unique color-changing property.
- Color Change: The most prized alexandrite exhibits a vivid transition between green in daylight and red under incandescent light. The intensity of the color change is influenced by the amount of chromium in the stone.
- Hardness: Alexandrite has a hardness of 8.5 on the Mohs scale, making it a durable gemstone suitable for everyday wear.
- Cleavage: Alexandrite has perfect cleavage, which means it can be split along specific planes. This makes it more susceptible to damage if not cut and set properly.
- Luster: Alexandrite has a vitreous luster, giving it a bright, glassy appearance.
- Refractive Index: The refractive index of alexandrite is higher than most gemstones, contributing to its brilliance and fire.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Each of June’s birthstones is associated with a range of symbolic and metaphysical meanings, reflecting the diverse cultural traditions that have contributed to their popularity.
Pearl
Pearls have long been associated with purity, wisdom, and emotional balance. In many ancient cultures, pearls were believed to be formed from moonlight or tears of the gods, symbolizing divine grace and serenity.
In Chinese mythology, pearls were believed to be the brain of a dragon, representing wisdom and power. In medieval Europe, pearls were associated with virginity and were often used in wedding jewelry. During the Renaissance, pearls became a symbol of status and sophistication, worn by royalty and aristocrats.
In modern metaphysical practices, pearls are believed to promote emotional balance and self-compassion. They are associated with the heart and sacral chakras, helping to calm turbulent emotions and foster honesty in relationships.
Moonstone
Moonstone is often linked to intuition, intuition, and the moon’s cycles. It is believed to enhance psychic abilities and support emotional transitions, making it a popular choice for those undergoing major life changes.
In Hindu mythology, moonstone is associated with the moon god Chandra and is believed to bring balance and harmony. In Western metaphysical traditions, moonstone is used to support intuition, dreamwork, and spiritual awakening. It is also associated with the third eye and crown chakras, helping to enhance inner wisdom and connect with higher consciousness.
Moonstone is also believed to support women’s cycles and is often used in jewelry and crystal healing practices during pregnancy and menopause.
Alexandrite
Alexandrite is a powerful stone of transformation and duality. Its color change from green to red is seen as a symbol of balance between opposing forces—light and shadow, masculine and feminine, body and soul.
In Russian folklore, alexandrite was named after Czar Alexander II and was believed to bring good fortune and protection. In modern metaphysical practices, alexandrite is used to support personal growth, adaptability, and energetic alignment.
Alexandrite is associated with the heart and solar plexus chakras, helping to strengthen one’s ability to transform and evolve while remaining grounded in one’s truth. It is also believed to enhance clarity during times of change and to promote energetic balance.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care and cleaning are essential for preserving the beauty and longevity of June’s birthstones. Each stone has specific requirements based on its physical properties and sensitivity to environmental factors.
Pearl
Pearls are relatively soft and sensitive to harsh chemicals, so they require gentle care. Avoid exposing pearls to perfumes, lotions, and harsh cleaning agents, as these can dull their luster.
- Cleaning: Clean pearls with a soft, damp cloth after wearing. Avoid using ultrasonic cleaners or steamers, as they can damage the nacre.
- Storage: Store pearls in a soft pouch or jewelry box to prevent scratches. Do not store pearls in an airtight container for long periods, as this can cause the nacre to dry out and lose its luster.
Moonstone
Moonstone is relatively soft and can be easily scratched or chipped. It is also sensitive to heat and sudden temperature changes.
- Cleaning: Clean moonstone with a soft cloth and warm, soapy water. Avoid using ultrasonic cleaners or steamers, as they can damage the stone’s surface.
- Storage: Store moonstone in a soft pouch or separate compartment to prevent scratches. Avoid exposing moonstone to direct sunlight for prolonged periods, as this can fade the adularescence.
Alexandrite
Alexandrite is a durable gemstone but is susceptible to cleavage if not cut and set properly. It is also sensitive to high temperatures and can be affected by exposure to strong light sources.
- Cleaning: Clean alexandrite with a soft cloth and warm, soapy water. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive materials, as they can scratch the surface.
- Storage: Store alexandrite in a soft pouch or jewelry box to prevent damage from other gemstones. Avoid exposing alexandrite to direct sunlight for extended periods, as this can affect its color.
Conclusion
June 28 falls within a month celebrated for its triple birthstones—pearl, moonstone, and alexandrite. Each of these gemstones carries a unique set of properties, historical significance, and symbolic meanings that reflect the diverse and dynamic nature of June-born individuals.
Pearls, with their soft luster and emotional resonance, represent balance and wisdom. Moonstone, with its ethereal glow, supports intuition and new beginnings. Alexandrite, with its dramatic color change, embodies transformation and adaptability.
Whether worn for their beauty, their spiritual significance, or their historical legacy, June’s birthstones offer something for everyone. As you explore the world of June’s gemstones, you’ll discover a rich tapestry of meaning and tradition that continues to captivate and inspire.