The month of August is distinguished in the world of birthstones by the presence of three unique gemstones—peridot, sardonyx, and spinel. These stones carry a rich tapestry of geological significance, historical usage, and symbolic meaning, making them ideal for both jewelry and creative interpretations like nail art. While peridot is the most commonly referenced of the three, sardonyx and spinel each bring their own compelling stories and characteristics to the mix. This article delves into the properties, history, symbolism, and modern applications of these August birthstones, with a special focus on how they inspire contemporary nail art designs and other creative expressions.
History and Lore
The historical roots of August’s birthstones stretch back thousands of years. Peridot, the most vibrant of the three, has been cherished since ancient times. It was worn by the ancient Egyptians, who believed it protected them from the terrors of the night and often referred to it as the “evening emerald.” The Egyptians also noted that peridot’s green hue shone more clearly in moonlight than in daylight. Peridot was also thought to be the tears of the volcano goddess Pele, a Hawaiian mythos that ties the gem to natural forces and the fiery spirit of the Earth. In the 1990s, the discovery of new peridot deposits in Pakistan revived interest in the gem, and today, most of the world’s peridot is sourced from Arizona.
Sardonyx, on the other hand, has been in use for over 4,000 years. The name is derived from the ancient city of Sardis in what is now Turkey, and the Greek word onyx, meaning “nail” or “claw.” This gemstone was engraved with images of heroes and gods in both Greek and Roman times, and it was believed to bestow courage, protection, and victory upon its wearer. In Roman times, sardonyx was especially popular for seals and signet rings, as the stone did not retain hot wax and was easy to engrave. During the Renaissance, it became associated with eloquence and was worn by those seeking to enhance their speaking abilities. Sardonyx was widely appreciated by both the elite and the general populace due to its affordability and availability.
Spinel, though less well known than peridot or sardonyx, is a gemstone of rare beauty and complexity. While it may resemble ruby or pink sapphire, it is distinct in its octahedral crystal structure and single refraction, which give it a unique optical character. Spinel is most valuable when it is vivid red or cobalt blue, and its color, clarity, and size determine its worth. Spinel over five carats is especially valuable, as large specimens are rare. Historically, spinel has been mistaken for ruby in some of the most famous gem collections, including the Cushion Ruby in the British Crown Jewels.
Geological Formation and Sources
Each of August’s birthstones has a distinct geological origin and set of physical properties that influence its use and appearance in jewelry and decorative arts.
Peridot
Peridot is a naturally occurring form of olivine, a mineral that is typically found in volcanic rocks. It is formed deep within the Earth’s mantle and brought to the surface through volcanic activity. In rare instances, peridot can also be found in meteorites, where it is believed to have formed billions of years ago. The presence of iron in the mineral’s composition is what gives peridot its green color, with the exact shade varying depending on the iron content. Peridot ranges in hardness from 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, making it relatively durable and suitable for a wide range of jewelry applications, from pendants and earrings to engagement rings.
Peridot is found in a few key locations around the world, with Arizona being the most significant source today. Other notable deposits include those in Pakistan, Myanmar, and China. The Arizona deposits, in particular, are known for producing high-quality peridot with bright green tones.
Sardonyx
Sardonyx is a type of chalcedony, a microcrystalline quartz mineral. It is formed through the slow deposition of silica in sedimentary rock formations, where alternating layers of sard (a reddish-brown chalcedony) and onyx (a black or white chalcedony) create its distinctive banding. Sardonyx is found in several countries, including India, which is known for producing stones with the sharpest color contrasts, and Germany, Brazil, Madagascar, and the United States. The gemstone’s 6.6 hardness on the Mohs scale makes it suitable for carving, engraving, and jewelry use, especially in signet rings, pendants, and decorative carvings.
Spinel
Spinel is a garnet group mineral, though it is chemically distinct from other garnets. It forms in igneous and metamorphic rocks, and its octahedral crystal structure is one of its defining features. The presence of chromium or iron in spinel is what gives it its red or pink color, while cobalt or magnesium can produce blue or green tones. Spinel is relatively hard, with a Mohs hardness of 8, and it is known for its brilliance and clarity, especially when cut well. Spinel is found in several countries, including Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Tanzania, and Madagascar, with the most valuable specimens coming from Sri Lanka and Tanzania.
Gemological Properties
Understanding the gemological properties of August’s birthstones helps clarify their use in both traditional and modern settings.
| Gemstone | Color Range | Hardness (Mohs) | Chemical Formula | Refractive Index | Common Uses in Jewelry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peridot | Yellowish-green to olive, brownish-green | 6.5 – 7 | (Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄ | 1.65 – 1.70 | Pendants, earrings, rings |
| Sardonyx | Reddish with white bands | 6.5 – 7 | SiO₂ (Chalcedony) | 1.48 – 1.53 | Pendants, rings, carved items |
| Spinel | Red, pink, blue, orange, lavender, etc. | 8 | MgAl₂O₄ | 1.718 – 1.721 | Rings, earrings, pendants |
These properties make peridot ideal for vibrant, eye-catching pieces, while sardonyx is often used in engraved seals and carved items, and spinel is prized for its rarity and brilliance.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Each of August’s birthstones carries its own symbolic and metaphysical significance, which has evolved over time and varies across cultures.
Peridot
Peridot has long been associated with prosperity and good fortune, especially in ancient Egypt, where it was believed to ward off nightmares and negative energies. The gem was also thought to bring positive energy, clarity, and emotional balance. In modern metaphysical beliefs, peridot is considered a stone of transformation, helping individuals release negative emotions and embrace new beginnings. It is often used in healing and meditation practices, and is believed to support healing of the heart and liver.
Sardonyx
Sardonyx is traditionally associated with courage, protection, and strength. It was believed to grant the wearer victory in battle and enhance their ability to express themselves eloquently. In the Renaissance, sardonyx was worn by those seeking to improve their public speaking and communication skills. In modern times, it is considered a stone of confidence and willpower, helping individuals stay focused and determined. It is also believed to promote mental clarity and emotional stability, making it a popular choice for those dealing with anxiety or stress.
Spinel
Spinel is considered a stone of vitality and passion, especially when it is vivid red or pink. It is believed to enhance the heart chakra, promoting love, compassion, and emotional healing. In some traditions, spinel is also associated with fertility and protection, and was used by ancient royalty and warriors for its protective properties. Today, it is often used in energy healing and is believed to boost motivation, courage, and self-esteem.
August Birthstone Nails: A Creative Expression
In recent years, the August birthstones have inspired a new form of creative expression—birthstone-inspired nail art. These designs allow individuals to celebrate their birth month in a unique and colorful way, often drawing from the vibrant hues and symbolic meanings of the gemstones.
Peridot-Inspired Nails
Peridot’s bright green is a popular color for August nail art, symbolizing renewal, growth, and vitality. Nails with green geometric patterns, pastel gradients, or bold green tips are especially fitting. For a more modern twist, some designers incorporate gold or chrome accents, echoing the refractive qualities of peridot. These designs are often paired with cyber sigilism-inspired elements, such as silver metallic details, to create a futuristic, edgy look.
Sardonyx-Inspired Nails
Sardonyx’s bold red and white banding is ideal for contrast-based nail art. This includes striped designs, 3D sculpted patterns, and engraved-style nail art that mimics the carved gemstone. Nails with red and white geometric shapes, 3D flowers, or engraved designs are especially fitting for this stone. The use of gold stickers or chrome powders can enhance the visual depth of the design and reflect the ancient and regal associations of sardonyx.
Spinel-Inspired Nails
Spinel’s vibrant red and pink tones are perfect for bold, eye-catching nail art, especially in the form of swirls, marbles, or abstract designs. Nails with red and pink gradients, 3D floral elements, or metallic finishes reflect the brilliance and rarity of spinel. Some designers also use holographic or iridescent glitters, such as those offered by Magpie Beauty, to enhance the sparkling qualities of the stone.
Care and Cleaning
Each of August’s birthstones requires specific care to maintain their beauty and durability. Understanding the physical properties of each gemstone is essential for proper maintenance.
Peridot
Peridot has a hardness of 6.5 to 7, making it relatively durable but still susceptible to scratches and abrasions. It should be avoided when exposed to harsh chemicals, as these can damage its surface and color. When cleaning peridot jewelry, use warm soapy water and a soft brush to remove dirt and oils. Avoid steam cleaning or ultrasonic cleaners, as these can potentially damage the gemstone.
Sardonyx
Sardonyx, with a hardness of 6.6, is more durable than peridot but still requires gentle handling. It can be cleaned with warm soapy water and a soft cloth, but avoid abrasive materials that could scratch the surface. Sardonyx is also sensitive to heat and chemicals, so it should be stored separately from other gemstones to prevent abrasion and discoloration.
Spinel
Spinel is harder than both peridot and sardonyx, with a hardness of 8, making it one of the most durable of August’s birthstones. It can be cleaned with warm soapy water or ultrasonic cleaners, but avoid using steam cleaners, as they can damage the stone’s clarity. Spinel should be stored in a soft cloth or jewelry box to prevent scratches and maintain its brilliance.
Conclusion
August’s birthstones—peridot, sardonyx, and spinel—offer a unique combination of beauty, history, and symbolism that makes them ideal for both jewelry and creative expression. Whether worn as traditional gemstones or used as inspiration for nail art and other artistic designs, these stones reflect the vibrant energy and rich traditions of the month of August. Their distinct geological properties, historical significance, and metaphysical meanings make them a fascinating subject for gemstone enthusiasts, jewelry buyers, and students of gemology alike.
From the ancient Egyptians who believed peridot protected them from the night, to the Romans who engraved sardonyx with messages of courage and victory, to the modern nail artists who draw inspiration from these stones, August’s birthstones continue to inspire and captivate. Whether you choose to wear them as jewelry, use them as motifs in art, or simply admire their beauty and history, these gemstones are a testament to the enduring power of natural beauty and human creativity.