The month of March is represented by two distinct yet equally meaningful birthstones: aquamarine and bloodstone. While aquamarine is now the more widely recognized of the two, both stones have a long and storied history in gemology, jewelry, and cultural traditions. These gemstones reflect the duality of March itself—a month of transition between winter and spring, symbolizing both the quiet calm of the ocean and the bold vitality of life emerging anew.
In this article, we will explore the unique properties, histories, and cultural significances of these two March birthstones. From their geological formation and symbolic meanings to their roles in jewelry and holistic practices, we will uncover what makes aquamarine and bloodstone not just beautiful gems, but also powerful symbols for those born in March.
A Brief Overview
Aquamarine, the more modern of the two March birthstones, is a captivating blue or blue-green gemstone known for its serene and calming properties. It is a variety of beryl, a mineral family that also includes emerald. Aquamarine is prized for its clarity, light color, and durability, making it a popular choice for fine jewelry. Its name, derived from the Latin aqua marina, means "water of the sea," a fitting description for its oceanic hues.
Bloodstone, the traditional March birthstone, is a vibrant green opaque gemstone with red flecks that resemble drops of blood. This chalcedony-based stone has a rich history in ancient civilizations, where it was believed to have powerful healing properties and was often used by warriors to boost strength and courage. While less common in modern jewelry, bloodstone remains a symbol of vitality and endurance.
Together, these two gemstones represent the full spectrum of March’s symbolic energy—aquamarine for calm and serenity, and bloodstone for strength and vitality.
History and Lore
The Ancient Roots of Aquamarine
Aquamarine has been cherished for thousands of years, with its earliest known use dating back to ancient civilizations in South America, where it was mined and used in ceremonial and decorative contexts. The gemstone was known in Europe as early as the Roman era, when it was referred to as "sea-green beryl." The name "aquamarine" was first used in 1609, derived from the Latin aqua (water) and marina (of the sea), reflecting its clear blue color.
One of the most enduring legends surrounding aquamarine is that it was a protective talisman for sailors. Ancient mariners believed that carrying aquamarine ensured safe passage across the seas and protected them from drowning. In medieval Europe, it was also believed that aquamarine could soothe anger and promote tranquility in relationships.
Aquamarine also holds a special place in the history of jewelry. In the 19th century, it became a popular gemstone in Victorian jewelry, often used in mourning rings and pendants. Today, it is a favorite in engagement rings and other fine jewelry, particularly for its durability and elegant appearance.
The Warrior's Stone: Bloodstone
Bloodstone, also known as heliotrope, has a long and storied history in ancient cultures, especially in Egypt, India, and Greece. It was believed to have healing properties and was used to treat wounds and fevers. One of the most famous legends surrounding bloodstone is that it was formed when Christ’s blood fell onto a green stone during the crucifixion. This connection to the crucifixion has led to its use in Christian religious jewelry and artifacts.
In medieval Europe, bloodstone was used by knights and warriors to boost courage and protect them in battle. It was believed to stop bleeding and prevent fatigue. In India, it was known as the "Herb of Life" and was used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat various ailments and promote vitality.
Unlike aquamarine, bloodstone has not seen the same level of popularity in modern fine jewelry, but it remains a powerful symbol in crystal healing and holistic practices.
Geological Formation and Sources
Aquamarine: From Beryl to Beauty
Aquamarine is a member of the beryl family, which includes other well-known gemstones such as emerald and morganite. Beryl is a beryllium aluminum silicate with the chemical formula Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆. What sets aquamarine apart from other beryl varieties is the presence of iron impurities, which give the gemstone its distinctive blue or blue-green color.
Aquamarine forms in pegmatite rocks, which are igneous rocks that cool slowly, allowing large crystals to grow. These crystals are then mined and cut into gemstones. The largest and most valuable aquamarine deposits are found in Brazil, particularly in the state of Minas Gerais. Other notable sources include Madagascar, Nigeria, and the United States, especially in Colorado.
One of the most famous aquamarine specimens is the "Dom Pedro Aquamarine," a massive 10,363-carat gemstone that was cut into a 5,500-carat emerald-cut stone and is now displayed at the American Museum of Natural History in New York.
Bloodstone: A Chalcedony with a Heart
Bloodstone is a type of chalcedony, which is a microcrystalline form of quartz. Its chemical formula is SiO₂, and it is composed of silicon dioxide with inclusions of iron oxide, which create the red flecks characteristic of the stone. The green color of bloodstone is due to the presence of chlorite or other minerals.
Bloodstone forms in sedimentary rocks and is typically found in deposits around the world. The most famous source is India, where it has been mined for centuries. Other notable sources include Nepal, Brazil, and Australia.
Unlike aquamarine, bloodstone is generally opaque and is most commonly cut into cabochons, which are smooth, rounded stones without facets. This allows the red flecks to be evenly distributed across the surface of the gemstone, enhancing its visual appeal.
Gemological Properties
Aquamarine
Aquamarine is known for its clarity, color, and durability. Here are some of its key gemological properties:
- Color: Light blue to blue-green, caused by iron impurities
- Hardness: 7.5–8 on the Mohs scale, making it relatively durable
- Transparency: Transparent to translucent
- Refractive Index: 1.567–1.590
- Crystal System: Hexagonal
- Luster: Vitreous (glassy)
- Specific Gravity: 2.67–2.83
- Chemical Formula: Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆
Aquamarine is often heat-treated to enhance its color, especially to remove any greenish tint and bring out a purer blue. This treatment is stable and does not affect the gemstone’s durability.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone has a different set of gemological properties, reflecting its chalcedony base:
- Color: Deep green with red flecks
- Hardness: 6.5–7 on the Mohs scale
- Transparency: Opaque
- Refractive Index: 1.530–1.539
- Crystal System: Trigonal
- Luster: Waxy to vitreous
- Specific Gravity: 2.58–2.64
- Chemical Formula: SiO₂ (with iron oxide inclusions)
Bloodstone is often polished into cabochons to highlight the red flecks, and it is less commonly cut into faceted stones due to its opacity.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Aquamarine: The Stone of Calm and Courage
Aquamarine is widely regarded as a stone of serenity, peace, and calm. It is believed to help reduce anxiety, promote emotional stability, and encourage clear communication. In many cultures, it is seen as a protective stone, especially for those who travel by sea.
In crystal healing, aquamarine is associated with the throat chakra and is believed to enhance self-expression and encourage honest communication. It is also said to help with sleep disorders and promote restful sleep.
Aquamarine is also linked to the zodiac sign Pisces, where it is believed to enhance intuition and emotional depth. It is a popular stone for those born in March, symbolizing courage, honesty, and loyalty.
Bloodstone: The Stone of Strength and Vitality
Bloodstone is known as the "warrior’s stone" and is believed to enhance strength, courage, and vitality. It is often used in crystal healing to treat physical and emotional wounds, and it is said to help with grounding and protection.
In metaphysical practices, bloodstone is associated with the root chakra and is believed to promote stability, endurance, and a strong connection to the earth. It is also used to treat fatigue and to boost energy levels.
Bloodstone is linked to both Pisces and Aries in zodiac traditions. For Aries, it is believed to enhance courage and confidence, while for Pisces, it is thought to help with emotional healing and resilience.
Care and Cleaning
Both aquamarine and bloodstone are relatively durable gemstones, but they do require proper care to maintain their beauty and longevity.
Aquamarine
Aquamarine can be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft cloth or brush. It is safe to use ultrasonic cleaners and steam cleaners, as long as the gemstone is free of any fractures or inclusions that could be damaged by vibration or heat.
Aquamarine should be stored separately from other gemstones to prevent scratches, and it should be protected from exposure to harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone is also safe to clean with warm, soapy water and a soft cloth. It can be cleaned with ultrasonic or steam cleaners, but care should be taken if the stone has any inclusions or fractures.
Because bloodstone is opaque and has a waxy luster, it may require occasional polishing to maintain its shine. It should be stored in a soft cloth or jewelry box to prevent scratches.
Conclusion
The March birthstones—aquamarine and bloodstone—represent a perfect balance of calm and courage. Aquamarine, with its serene blue hues and calming properties, is a symbol of peace, protection, and emotional clarity. Bloodstone, with its vibrant green color and red flecks, represents strength, vitality, and endurance.
Together, these two gemstones reflect the dual nature of March—a month of transition, renewal, and hope. Whether worn as jewelry, used in crystal healing, or simply admired for their beauty, aquamarine and bloodstone continue to captivate and inspire those who are drawn to their unique energies.
For those born in March, these gemstones are not just beautiful adornments, but also meaningful symbols of their identity, strength, and spirit.