Pisces, the twelfth sign of the zodiac, is often associated with intuition, spirituality, and emotional depth. Those born under this sign, typically between February 19 and March 20, have a rich selection of birthstones that align with their dreamy and introspective nature. Among the most prominent are amethyst and aquamarine, the February and March birthstones respectively. These gems are not only celebrated for their aesthetic beauty but also for their symbolic and metaphysical significance. In addition to these two primary stones, other gemstones like bloodstone, jasper, lapis lazuli, and zircon are also considered to be affiliated with Pisces, often used to enhance the sign’s natural qualities or to provide additional support during times of emotional turbulence.
This article explores the gemological and symbolic properties of the Pisces and February birthstones in detail, drawing from a combination of historical, spiritual, and scientific sources. It will also examine the broader context of how these stones are used in modern jewelry, their role in zodiac traditions, and the practical considerations for caring for them.
History and Lore
The tradition of birthstones is ancient, with roots in biblical and cultural practices that have evolved over time. The concept of birthstones is most famously associated with the twelve foundation stones described in the Biblical Book of Exodus, which were worn by the High Priest of Israel on the breastplate. These stones were believed to represent the twelve tribes of Israel and were imbued with spiritual significance. While the exact identities of some of these stones remain debated, the tradition of associating gemstones with months and zodiac signs has persisted into modern times.
For Pisces, amethyst holds a special place as the twelfth gemstone in this historical sequence, aligning perfectly with Pisces as the twelfth zodiac sign. This connection reinforces the idea that amethyst is not just a February birthstone, but also a stone that resonates with the Piscean spirit. Amethyst is often seen as a calming and spiritually grounding stone, which is particularly relevant to Pisces individuals who are known for their sensitivity and emotional depth.
In addition to amethyst, aquamarine is also a key birthstone for Pisces, especially for those born in late February or early March. The name aquamarine comes from the Latin words aqua (water) and marina (sea), reflecting the gemstone’s ocean-like color and its long-standing association with maritime protection. Ancient sailors carried aquamarine for safe passage at sea, believing it to be a talisman against the dangers of the ocean. For Pisces, a sign often associated with the water element, this stone is believed to enhance intuition and spiritual awareness.
Other gemstones, such as zircon, jasper, and bloodstone, have also been historically linked to Pisces, either through their colors, energies, or symbolic meanings. Zircon, for example, was once referred to as hyacinth in older birthstone lists and is notable for being one of the oldest known minerals on Earth. Jasper, with its earthy tones and grounding energy, is said to help Pisces individuals stay rooted in the present and manage their rich inner world. Bloodstone, a dark green stone with red flecks, is considered especially powerful for Pisces in promoting courage and emotional clarity.
These gemstones, while distinct in their properties and origins, all contribute to a broader narrative of how gemstones have been used to support and reflect the unique qualities of zodiac signs. The Pisces birthstone tradition, therefore, is not just about aesthetics—it is a symbolic and spiritual practice that has been passed down through generations.
Geological Formation and Sources
Understanding the geological and mineralogical properties of the Pisces and February birthstones is essential for appreciating their value and beauty. Each of these gemstones has a unique formation process and is found in specific locations around the world.
Amethyst
Amethyst is a variety of quartz, a mineral composed of silicon dioxide (SiO₂). It is known for its purple hue, which is caused by the presence of iron and other trace elements, along with natural irradiation. Amethyst is found in geodes, which are hollow rock formations that often contain clusters of crystals. The most significant sources of high-quality amethyst include Brazil, Ukraine, Zambia, and Madagascar.
Amethyst is relatively hard, ranking 7 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, making it suitable for most types of jewelry. It is also thermally sensitive, meaning that exposure to high heat can cause it to lose its color. This is why amethyst is often used in cured resin or certain types of jewelry settings that minimize direct exposure to heat.
Aquamarine
Aquamarine is another beryl mineral, like emerald, and is composed of beryllium aluminum silicate (Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆). Its blue to blue-green color is due to the presence of iron. Aquamarine forms in granite pegmatites, which are igneous rock formations that cool slowly, allowing large crystals to develop.
The most famous source of aquamarine is Brazil, particularly in the state of Minas Gerais, where some of the largest and most valuable aquamarine crystals have been found. Other notable sources include Nigeria, Madagascar, and the United States. Aquamarine is relatively durable, with a Mohs hardness of 7.5 to 8, making it suitable for everyday wear in rings and pendants.
Zircon
Zircon is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO₄) mineral that occurs in a variety of colors, including red, brown, green, and colorless. The purple and red varieties of zircon were historically referred to as hyacinth, which is why it has been associated with February in older birthstone traditions. Zircon is known for its high refractive index, giving it a glassy luster and fire similar to diamond.
Zircon is found in metamorphic and igneous rocks, and some of the best sources include Australia, Madagascar, Burmah (Myanmar), and Brazil. Zircon has a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7.5, which makes it suitable for jewelry, though it requires care to avoid chipping or fracturing due to its cleavage.
Jasper
Jasper is a microcrystalline quartz, often grouped under the chalcedony family. It is known for its opaque, banded appearance, with patterns that can range from bold and colorful to subtle and earthy. Jasper forms through the accumulation of silica-rich water in sedimentary rock, over long periods of time.
Jasper is found in many parts of the world, including India, United States, Brazil, and Mexico. It is very hard, with a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7, and is durable and easy to care for, making it ideal for pocket stones, worry stones, and jewelry.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone is a green chalcedony that contains red iron oxide inclusions, giving it the appearance of blood on a stone. This has led to its historical association with martyrdom and courage. Bloodstone is formed through sedimentary processes, often in sandstone or limestone deposits.
Significant sources of bloodstone include India, Australia, and the United States. It has a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7, and like jasper, it is durable and suitable for jewelry.
Gemological Properties
The gemological properties of each birthstone play a crucial role in their use in jewelry and spiritual practices. Understanding these properties helps in selecting the appropriate stone for specific purposes and ensures proper care.
| Gemstone | Color | Chemical Composition | Hardness (Mohs) | Refractive Index | Best Uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amethyst | Purple | SiO₂ | 7 | 1.54–1.55 | Rings, necklaces, earrings |
| Aquamarine | Blue to Blue-Green | Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆ | 7.5–8 | 1.56–1.60 | Pendants, earrings, rings |
| Zircon | Multicolored (red, green, purple) | ZrSiO₄ | 6.5–7.5 | 1.92–2.01 | Earrings, pendants, statement pieces |
| Jasper | Earthy tones (green, red, brown) | SiO₂ | 6.5–7 | Varies | Pendants, worry stones, carvings |
| Bloodstone | Green with red flecks | SiO₂ | 6.5–7 | 1.54–1.55 | Pendants, rings, talismans |
These properties highlight the unique characteristics of each gemstone. Amethyst and aquamarine, for instance, are both quartz-based and have good hardness and clarity, making them ideal for everyday jewelry. Zircon, despite its high refractive index, is more fragile and requires careful handling. Jasper and bloodstone, being opaque and durable, are often used in grounding practices and protective talismans.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
The metaphysical properties of Pisces and February birthstones are deeply rooted in their spiritual, emotional, and psychological effects. These beliefs vary across cultures and time periods, but several themes consistently emerge.
Amethyst
Amethyst is widely regarded as a stone of calm, clarity, and spiritual growth. It is believed to soothe the mind, reduce stress, and enhance intuition, all of which are particularly beneficial for Pisces individuals who often experience heightened emotional sensitivity. In ancient times, amethyst was used to prevent intoxication, hence its name, derived from the Greek amethystos, meaning "not drunk."
Amethyst is also associated with balance and harmony, helping to align the emotional, mental, and spiritual aspects of the self. It is often used in meditation, dream work, and spiritual practices to enhance inner peace and insight.
Aquamarine
Aquamarine is known for its calming and protective qualities, especially in emotional and mental realms. It is believed to soothe anxiety, promote clarity of thought, and enhance communication, both with others and with the spiritual self. For Pisces, who are naturally dreamy and introspective, aquamarine is a powerful stone for grounding and emotional stability.
Aquamarine is also associated with courage and confidence, particularly in navigating life’s challenges. Its oceanic energy is thought to connect the wearer with the wisdom of the water, enhancing intuition and adaptability.
Zircon
Zircon is a stone of transformation and renewal, often used to support personal growth, self-awareness, and spiritual evolution. It is believed to enhance memory, stimulate creativity, and encourage a deeper connection with the self. For Pisces, zircon can help balance the dreamy and imaginative nature with practicality and action.
Zircon is also known for its energetic properties, with some sources suggesting that it amplifies the energy of other stones. This makes it a valuable addition to crystal grids or spiritual rituals involving multiple gemstones.
Jasper
Jasper is a grounding and protective stone, often used to stabilize emotions, enhance focus, and provide a sense of security. It is particularly beneficial for Pisces individuals who may struggle with overthinking, anxiety, or emotional overwhelm. Jasper is believed to connect the wearer with the Earth's energy, helping to anchor the mind and body in the present.
Jasper is also known for its healing properties, especially in restoring balance and harmony. It is often used in holistic practices, energy work, and emotional healing.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone is a stone of courage and vitality, often used to strengthen the body, mind, and spirit. It is believed to enhance willpower, stimulate action, and promote emotional clarity. For Pisces, bloodstone can help overcome indecision, fear, and emotional fatigue, encouraging a more grounded and assertive approach to life.
Bloodstone is also associated with physical healing, particularly in blood-related conditions, and is often used in protective talismans and amulets.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care and cleaning are essential for maintaining the beauty and integrity of Pisces and February birthstones. Each gemstone has specific requirements based on its hardness, sensitivity to heat, and reaction to chemicals.
Amethyst
Amethyst is relatively easy to clean and can be wiped with a soft cloth and mild soap and water solution. It is not recommended to expose amethyst to high heat, as this can cause it to fade or lose its color. Avoid sudden temperature changes and direct sunlight, as both can damage the stone.
Amethyst should be stored separately from harder gemstones to prevent scratching. It is also not recommended to use ultrasonic or steam cleaners, as these can damage the stone or loosen its setting.
Aquamarine
Aquamarine is durable and can be cleaned with warm soapy water and a soft cloth. It is resistant to most household chemicals, but it is not recommended to use harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners, as these can scratch the surface or damage the setting.
Aquamarine should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight or extreme heat, as these can alter its color or cause it to become brittle.
Zircon
Zircon is more delicate than amethyst or aquamarine, and should be cleaned with caution. A soft cloth and mild soap and water solution is generally safe, but ultrasonic or steam cleaners should be avoided, as they can damage the stone.
Zircon should be stored separately from harder gemstones, as it is prone to chipping or fracturing. It is also not recommended to expose zircon to sudden temperature changes, as this can cause it to crack.
Jasper
Jasper is very durable and easy to clean. It can be wiped with a soft cloth and mild soap and water solution. It is not sensitive to heat or chemicals, making it ideal for everyday use.
Jasper can be recharged in sunlight or moonlight, as it is believed to absorb and store energy. It is also not recommended to use ultrasonic or steam cleaners, as these can damage the stone's surface.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone is durable and easy to clean. It can be wiped with a soft cloth and mild soap and water solution. It is not sensitive to heat or chemicals, making it ideal for everyday use.
Bloodstone should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight or extreme heat, as these can alter its color or cause it to become brittle.
Conclusion
The Pisces and February birthstones—amethyst, aquamarine, zircon, jasper, and bloodstone—are more than just beautiful gemstones. They are deeply symbolic of the qualities and energies associated with the zodiac sign, offering both spiritual support and practical benefits. Whether used in jewelry, meditation, or spiritual practice, these stones reflect the intuitive, emotional, and imaginative nature of Pisces, while also providing grounding, clarity, and protection when needed.
Understanding the geological, historical, and metaphysical properties of these gemstones allows for a more meaningful and informed connection with them. Whether you are a jewelry buyer, gemstone enthusiast, or student of gemology, the Pisces and February birthstones offer a rich and diverse field of study, filled with beauty, history, and meaning.