December 14th is marked by a unique convergence of gemstone significance, as it is associated with three distinct birthstones: Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Zircon. Each of these gemstones carries its own rich history, symbolic meaning, and aesthetic allure, making the December 14th birthstone selection particularly diverse and meaningful. This article explores the characteristics, cultural significance, and practical considerations for owning and caring for these gemstones, all based on the information provided in the sourced materials.
A Brief Overview
The December 14th birthstone is not a single gemstone but a trio—Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Zircon. These three stones are believed to represent success, protection, and positive energy, and they have been valued for their beauty and symbolic resonance across various cultures and eras. Each gemstone has its own geological origins, physical properties, and historical significance, which together contribute to the unique identity of the December 14th birthstone.
This article will delve into the history and lore of these gemstones, their geological formation and sources, their symbolic and metaphysical beliefs, and how to care for them. It will also touch on the role of these gemstones in jewelry and their appeal to gemstone enthusiasts.
History and Lore
Tanzanite
Tanzanite was first discovered in 1967 in the Merelani Hills of Tanzania, near the base of Mount Kilimanjaro. It was named after its country of origin and was quickly embraced as a modern gemstone. Tanzanite was officially recognized as a birthstone for December in the 1980s and is celebrated for its vibrant blue and violet hues. While it is relatively new compared to other gemstones, its rapid rise to prominence is a testament to its allure and the growing appreciation for modern gemstones.
Tanzanite is often associated with spiritual transformation and emotional healing. It is believed to encourage self-awareness, calmness, and the release of fear and anxiety. These qualities make it a popular choice for those born on December 14th, who are said to benefit from its calming and protective properties.
Turquoise
Turquoise has a much older history, with its use dating back thousands of years to ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians, Persians, and Native Americans. It was highly valued for its blue-green color and was often used in religious and ceremonial contexts. Turquoise was believed to have protective and healing properties and was worn as a talisman to ward off evil and bring good fortune.
In some cultures, Turquoise was considered a sacred stone that connected the earth and the sky. It was often used in jewelry and amulets, and its deep blue color was associated with wisdom, truth, and the divine. For those born on December 14th, Turquoise is seen as a stone of communication, clarity, and emotional balance.
Zircon
Zircon is an ancient gemstone that has been known for centuries, though it is often confused with other gemstones due to its variety of colors. The most popular variety associated with December is the cushion-cut zircon, which displays a fiery brilliance and a range of colors from yellow to red. Zircon was historically used as a diamond substitute in the 19th century and was particularly popular in Victorian jewelry.
Zircon is believed to enhance vitality, promote healing, and bring good fortune. It is also associated with spiritual growth and the awakening of higher consciousness. For those born on December 14th, Zircon is said to provide energy, motivation, and a sense of purpose.
Geological Formation and Sources
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is a relatively rare gemstone, found only in the Merelani Hills of Tanzania. It is a type of zoisite, and its blue color is caused by the presence of vanadium. The gemstone forms in metamorphic rock under high pressure and temperature conditions. Tanzanite is known for its trigonal crystal structure and pleochroism, meaning it can display different colors when viewed from different angles—blue, violet, and brown.
Due to its limited geographical source, Tanzanite is considered a valuable and collectible gemstone. It is typically cut into ovals, cushions, or emerald shapes to enhance its color and clarity.
Turquoise
Turquoise is a phosphate mineral composed of copper and aluminum. It is formed in arid regions where copper-rich water seeps through the ground and reacts with phosphorus, creating the characteristic blue-green color. The intensity of the color depends on the amount of copper present—more copper leads to a deeper blue.
Major sources of high-quality Turquoise include the American Southwest (Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada), Iran, and China. Turquoise is often found in matrix form, where it is embedded in host rock such as limestone or basalt. The most prized Turquoise is sky blue with minimal matrix, and it is often stabilized or treated to improve its durability.
Zircon
Zircon is a zirconium silicate mineral that occurs in a wide range of colors, including colorless, yellow, red, green, and blue. The blue zircon commonly associated with December is a heat-treated version of brown zircon. This treatment enhances the gemstone’s color and makes it more desirable for jewelry.
Zircon is found in many parts of the world, including Australia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and the United States. It is often found in metamorphic and igneous rocks and is known for its high refractive index, which gives it a brilliant, fiery appearance. Zircon is also known for its pleochroism, displaying different colors in different directions.
Gemological Properties
Tanzanite
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Color | Blue to violet (often pleochroic) |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 6 to 7 |
| Chemical Formula | CaAl₂(SiO₄)(OH)₂ |
| Crystal System | Trigonal |
| Refractive Index | 1.694–1.701 |
| Specific Gravity | 3.10–3.38 |
| Cleavage | Perfect in three directions |
| Common Cuts | Oval, cushion, emerald |
Tanzanite is a relatively soft gemstone and should be handled with care. It has perfect cleavage, meaning it can split easily along certain planes if struck hard. It is best suited for jewelry that is not subject to heavy wear, such as pendants or earrings.
Turquoise
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Color | Blue to green (depends on copper content) |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 5 to 6 |
| Chemical Formula | CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O |
| Crystal System | Trigonal |
| Refractive Index | 1.61–1.65 |
| Specific Gravity | 2.6–2.8 |
| Common Cuts | Cabochon, oval, freeform |
| Treatments | Stabilization, dyeing |
Turquoise is a relatively porous and soft gemstone, and it is often stabilized with resins or oils to improve its durability. It is best suited for jewelry that is worn occasionally, such as pendants or earrings.
Zircon
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Color | Colorless, yellow, red, green, blue |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 6 to 7.5 |
| Chemical Formula | ZrSiO₄ |
| Crystal System | Tetragonal |
| Refractive Index | 1.92–2.00 |
| Specific Gravity | 3.9–4.7 |
| Common Cuts | Cushion, round, emerald |
| Treatments | Heat treatment |
Zircon is a highly refractive gemstone, which gives it a brilliant, fiery appearance. It is often used as a diamond substitute and is particularly popular in vintage and antique jewelry.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is often associated with spiritual transformation, emotional healing, and protection. It is believed to help individuals release fears and anxieties and to promote inner peace and clarity. In some traditions, Tanzanite is also used in healing practices to aid in the balance of the third eye and crown chakras.
Turquoise
Turquoise is one of the oldest and most revered gemstones in the world. It is believed to have protective and healing properties and has been used in spiritual and ceremonial contexts for thousands of years. In Native American culture, Turquoise is considered a sacred stone that connects the earth and the sky and is used in ceremonial jewelry and amulets.
Zircon
Zircon is often associated with vitality, motivation, and spiritual growth. It is believed to enhance energy levels and to promote mental clarity and focus. In some traditions, Zircon is also used to awaken higher consciousness and to support spiritual development.
Care and Cleaning
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is relatively soft and has perfect cleavage, so it should be handled with care. It is best cleaned with mild soap and water and a soft cloth. Avoid using steam or ultrasonic cleaners, as they can damage the stone. Tanzanite should be stored separately from harder gemstones to prevent scratching.
Turquoise
Turquoise is a porous and soft gemstone, so it should be cleaned with a soft cloth and mild soap and water. Avoid using ultrasonic or steam cleaners, as they can cause damage. Turquoise should also be kept away from harsh chemicals and prolonged exposure to sunlight, as this can cause fading.
Zircon
Zircon is a relatively hard gemstone, but it can be heat-sensitive, especially if it has been heat-treated. It should be cleaned with mild soap and water and a soft cloth. Avoid using ultrasonic or steam cleaners, as they can damage the stone. Zircon should also be stored separately from harder gemstones to prevent scratching.
Jewelry and Design Considerations
December 14th birthstone jewelry is available in a wide range of styles, from classic and timeless designs to modern and avant-garde pieces. Tanzanite is often set in silver or white gold, while Turquoise is typically set in sterling silver to enhance its color. Zircon is often used as a center stone in rings, pendants, and earrings due to its brilliant, fiery appearance.
When selecting December 14th birthstone jewelry, it is important to consider the quality of the gemstone, the setting, and the overall design. Tanzanite and Zircon are both suitable for daily wear, while Turquoise is best suited for occasional wear due to its softness and porosity.
Customization is also a popular option for those who want to create a unique piece of jewelry that reflects their personal style and preferences. From selecting the perfect setting to incorporating meaningful elements, the process of customization allows for a personalized expression of self.
Conclusion
The December 14th birthstone is a unique and meaningful selection of gemstones that includes Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Zircon. Each of these gemstones has its own rich history, symbolic meaning, and geological significance, making them a fascinating subject for gemstone enthusiasts, jewelry buyers, and students of gemology.
Tanzanite is a modern gemstone known for its vibrant blue and violet colors and its spiritual and emotional properties. Turquoise is an ancient gemstone with thousands of years of history and is valued for its protective and healing properties. Zircon is a brilliant and fiery gemstone that has been used as a diamond substitute and is associated with vitality and spiritual growth.
Whether worn as a personal adornment, a meaningful gift, or a collectible gemstone, the December 14th birthstone is a gem worth celebrating. Its beauty, history, and symbolism make it a valuable addition to any collection or jewelry piece.