December, the final month of the year, is represented by four distinct and captivating gemstones: tanzanite, turquoise, blue topaz, and zircon. Each of these stones carries its own unique beauty, symbolism, and historical significance. Among the most popular ways to showcase these birthstones is through earrings — elegant and versatile pieces that can be worn for both everyday wear and special occasions. This article delves into the characteristics of each December birthstone, their suitability for earrings, and the cultural and gemological significance that makes them cherished choices for jewelry.
Introduction
December is one of the few months associated with multiple birthstones, offering a broader range of options to suit different tastes, styles, and purposes. The four recognized birthstones — tanzanite, turquoise, blue topaz, and zircon — each reflect the cool, calming hues of winter, from deep violet and blue to bright sky blue. When it comes to earrings, these gemstones are particularly well-suited due to their aesthetic appeal and, in some cases, their relative durability.
In this article, we will explore each of the four December birthstones in detail, including their geological formation, physical properties, symbolic meanings, and practical considerations for selecting them for earrings. We will also examine the best options for different types of earring settings, as well as care and maintenance tips to preserve their beauty over time.
History and Lore of December Birthstones
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is the youngest of the four December birthstones, having been discovered in 1967 in Tanzania. It is a relatively recent addition to the birthstone calendar and quickly became popular due to its striking pleochroic effect — the ability to display different colors depending on the angle of light. Tanzanite's deep violet-blue hues evoke a sense of mystery and elegance. It is often associated with spiritual growth, transformation, and intuition. As a birthstone, it is believed to enhance one’s ability to make wise decisions and embrace change.
Turquoise
Turquoise is one of the oldest known gemstones, with a history that dates back thousands of years. It has been cherished by ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians, Persians, and Native Americans for its protective and healing properties. Turquoise is believed to promote good fortune, protection, and emotional balance. Its blue-green color and unique matrix patterns make it a distinctive and timeless choice for jewelry. In many cultures, turquoise is also associated with friendship and communication.
Blue Topaz
Blue topaz is a relatively modern gemstone that gained popularity in the 20th century after being treated to enhance its color. Natural blue topaz is rare, and most of the blue topaz available in the market today has been irradiated or heat-treated to produce the vibrant blue hues seen in jewelry. Blue topaz is associated with calmness, clarity, and communication. It is believed to help soothe emotions and promote a sense of peace. Its high durability makes it a popular choice for everyday jewelry.
Zircon
Zircon is an ancient gemstone that has been used in jewelry for centuries. It is known for its brilliance and refractive properties, which give it a fiery sparkle. Zircon is available in a range of colors, but the blue variety is particularly popular as a December birthstone. Blue zircon is believed to promote wisdom, prosperity, and good fortune. It is also associated with balance and spiritual insight. Zircon is a relatively durable gemstone, making it a suitable option for earrings and other types of jewelry.
Geological Formation and Sources
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is a rare gemstone that is found exclusively in Tanzania. It is a variety of the mineral zoisite and is formed under specific geological conditions involving heat and pressure. The presence of vanadium in the crystal structure is responsible for its distinctive blue and violet colors. Tanzanite is a relatively soft gemstone, with a Mohs hardness of 6 to 7. Due to its fragility, it is best suited for earrings and pendants rather than rings or other jewelry that may be subjected to frequent wear and impact.
Turquoise
Turquoise is a phosphate mineral that is formed in the oxidation zones of copper deposits. It is typically found in arid regions where it forms through a process of weathering and chemical alteration. Turquoise is known for its distinctive blue-green color and the presence of matrix — the dark veins that run through the stone. It is a relatively soft gemstone, with a Mohs hardness of 5 to 6. Because of its porosity and sensitivity to chemicals, turquoise requires special care and is best suited for earrings and pendants rather than rings.
Blue Topaz
Blue topaz is a variety of the mineral topaz that has been treated to enhance its color. Natural blue topaz is rare, and most of the blue topaz available in the market is the result of irradiation or heat treatment. Blue topaz is a hard gemstone, with a Mohs hardness of 8, making it highly durable and suitable for a wide range of jewelry, including earrings. Its high clarity and brilliance make it a popular choice for everyday wear.
Zircon
Zircon is a silicate mineral that is found in a variety of geological environments. It is known for its high refractive index and dispersion, which give it a brilliant sparkle. Blue zircon is a popular choice for jewelry and is formed through a process of heat treatment that enhances its color. Zircon has a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7.5, making it a relatively durable gemstone that is suitable for earrings and other types of jewelry. It is found in various parts of the world, including Sri Lanka, Cambodia, and Australia.
Gemological Properties
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is a pleochroic gemstone, meaning it displays different colors when viewed from different angles. It is typically found in shades of blue and violet, with the most valuable stones exhibiting a deep, even color. Tanzanite has a refractive index of 1.694 to 1.703 and is known for its vitreous luster. It is a relatively soft gemstone with a Mohs hardness of 6 to 7. Due to its fragility, it is best suited for earrings and pendants rather than rings or other jewelry that may be subjected to frequent wear and impact.
Turquoise
Turquoise is an opaque gemstone that is known for its distinctive blue-green color and the presence of matrix — the dark veins that run through the stone. It has a refractive index of 1.61 to 1.65 and a waxy luster. Turquoise is a relatively soft gemstone with a Mohs hardness of 5 to 6. Because of its porosity and sensitivity to chemicals, it requires special care and is best suited for earrings and pendants rather than rings.
Blue Topaz
Blue topaz is a transparent gemstone that is known for its high clarity and brilliance. It has a refractive index of 1.62 to 1.64 and a vitreous luster. Blue topaz is a hard gemstone with a Mohs hardness of 8, making it highly durable and suitable for a wide range of jewelry, including earrings. Its high clarity and brilliance make it a popular choice for everyday wear.
Zircon
Zircon is a silicate mineral that is known for its high refractive index and dispersion, which give it a brilliant sparkle. Blue zircon is a popular choice for jewelry and is formed through a process of heat treatment that enhances its color. Zircon has a refractive index of 1.92 to 1.98 and a vitreous luster. It has a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7.5, making it a relatively durable gemstone that is suitable for earrings and other types of jewelry.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is associated with spiritual growth, transformation, and intuition. It is believed to enhance one’s ability to make wise decisions and embrace change. As a birthstone, it is also believed to promote emotional healing and balance. Tanzanite is often used in meditation and is believed to help individuals connect with their higher selves.
Turquoise
Turquoise is one of the oldest known gemstones and has been cherished for its protective and healing properties. It is believed to promote good fortune, protection, and emotional balance. In many cultures, turquoise is also associated with friendship and communication. It is often used in traditional jewelry and is believed to help individuals express their emotions and thoughts more clearly.
Blue Topaz
Blue topaz is associated with calmness, clarity, and communication. It is believed to help soothe emotions and promote a sense of peace. As a birthstone, it is also believed to enhance communication and help individuals express their thoughts and feelings more effectively. Blue topaz is often used in meditation and is believed to help individuals find clarity and focus.
Zircon
Zircon is believed to promote wisdom, prosperity, and good fortune. It is also associated with balance and spiritual insight. Zircon is often used in traditional jewelry and is believed to help individuals make wise decisions and find balance in their lives. It is also believed to promote spiritual growth and connection to higher realms.
Care and Cleaning
Tanzanite
Tanzanite is a relatively soft gemstone and is prone to chipping and cracking. It is best suited for earrings and pendants rather than rings or other jewelry that may be subjected to frequent wear and impact. Tanzanite should be cleaned with a soft cloth and mild soap and water. It should be avoided from exposure to harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures. Due to its fragility, it should be stored separately from other gemstones to prevent damage.
Turquoise
Turquoise is a porous gemstone that is sensitive to chemicals and moisture. It should be cleaned with a soft cloth and mild soap and water. It should be avoided from exposure to harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures. Turquoise should also be stored separately from other gemstones to prevent damage. Due to its porosity, it should be sealed with a protective coating to prevent it from drying out and losing its color.
Blue Topaz
Blue topaz is a hard gemstone that is highly durable and suitable for everyday wear. It can be cleaned with a soft cloth and mild soap and water. It can also be cleaned with an ultrasonic cleaner or steam cleaner. Blue topaz should be avoided from exposure to harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures. Due to its high durability, it can be stored with other gemstones without the risk of damage.
Zircon
Zircon is a relatively durable gemstone with a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7.5. It can be cleaned with a soft cloth and mild soap and water. It should be avoided from exposure to steam and ultrasonic cleaners, as these can cause damage to the gemstone. Zircon should also be stored separately from other gemstones to prevent damage. Due to its high refractive index and dispersion, it is best suited for earrings and other types of jewelry that can showcase its brilliant sparkle.
Conclusion
December birthstone earrings offer a beautiful and meaningful way to celebrate the month of December. Whether you choose tanzanite for its deep violet-blue hues and spiritual significance, turquoise for its protective and healing properties, blue topaz for its clarity and durability, or zircon for its brilliant sparkle and wisdom, each gemstone brings its own unique charm and symbolism. By understanding the geological properties, cultural significance, and care requirements of each gemstone, you can make an informed choice that suits your personal style and preferences. With proper care and maintenance, December birthstone earrings can be cherished for a lifetime, serving as a beautiful reminder of the magic and meaning of this special month.