The gemstone associated with those born on August 28th is peridot, a striking and historically significant mineral known for its vivid green hue and rich cultural symbolism. As one of the most captivating gemstones in the birthstone calendar, peridot is more than just a decorative element in jewelry—it is a symbol of renewal, prosperity, and spiritual protection. This article explores peridot’s historical journey, its geological properties, and its enduring cultural significance, drawing from the most authoritative and consistent sources available.
Peridot, a gem-quality variety of the mineral olivine, has a distinct and vibrant green color that sets it apart from most other gemstones. Known for its luminous green tones—ranging from yellowish-green to olive—peridot is one of the few gemstones that occur in only one color. Its unique hue is attributed to the presence of iron in its chemical composition, a factor that also contributes to its geological formation in volcanic environments.
Beyond its visual appeal, peridot has long been revered for its symbolic and protective properties. In ancient times, it was believed to offer protection from nightmares and evil spirits. It was also associated with the sun, representing energy and the power to dispel darkness. These beliefs, passed down through centuries, have contributed to its continued popularity as a meaningful and spiritually significant gemstone.
History and Lore
Peridot’s history is as rich and fascinating as its color. The gemstone has been treasured for thousands of years, with archaeological evidence of its use dating back to ancient Egypt, medieval Europe, and even pre-Columbian Mesoamerica. In these cultures, peridot was often mistaken for emerald, especially in historical collections where its vibrant green color was highly prized.
The name “peridot” is believed to derive from the Arabic word faridat, meaning “gem,” a testament to its early value and prestige. This linguistic link underscores the gemstone’s widespread appreciation in the ancient world. In fact, many of the “emeralds” found in medieval European cathedral treasures were later identified as peridots, revealing the historical misidentification of the stone.
One of the most famous sources of peridot is the volcanic island of Zabargad, also known as St. John’s Island, located in the Red Sea. This island, known for its deposits of peridot, was a significant source of the gemstone during ancient and medieval times. The mineral was often collected by workers who would only be allowed to gather it during daylight to prevent theft.
Peridot’s association with the sun and positive energy is deeply rooted in its historical lore. It was believed to harness the sun’s power, bringing vitality and protection to the wearer. This belief in the gemstone’s ability to dispel negativity and promote inner strength has persisted through the centuries and remains a core part of its symbolic meaning today.
Geological Formation and Sources
Peridot is a gem-quality variety of the mineral olivine, a magnesium iron silicate that forms in the Earth’s mantle. It is typically brought to the surface through volcanic activity, where it is found in basaltic rocks and lava flows. The presence of iron in its chemical structure gives peridot its characteristic green color, which can vary in intensity based on the concentration of iron.
The gemstone is most commonly found in igneous rocks, where it forms under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. Some of the most notable sources of peridot include:
- Zabargad Island (St. John’s Island) in the Red Sea, historically one of the most significant sources.
- Arizona, particularly in the United States, where peridot is found in basalt formations.
- Madagascar, known for producing high-quality peridot with vibrant green tones.
- Brazil, where peridot deposits are found in volcanic rock formations.
- China and Myanmar, where the gemstone is also mined in smaller quantities.
These sources contribute to the widespread availability of peridot, making it a more accessible gemstone compared to rarer options. Despite its relative abundance, high-quality peridot—particularly stones with intense green color and minimal inclusions—remains highly valued and sought after by collectors and jewelers alike.
Peridot is relatively hard, with a Mohs hardness of 6.5 to 7, making it suitable for use in various types of jewelry. However, it is still more delicate than some other gemstones and requires careful handling to avoid damage. Its lack of cleavage and moderate durability make it a practical choice for everyday wear, though it is best suited for rings that are not subjected to heavy impact.
Gemological Properties
Peridot is a unique gemstone with distinct physical and optical properties that distinguish it from other green gemstones. Here are its key gemological characteristics:
- Chemical Formula: (Mg, Fe)₂SiO₄
- Crystal System: Orthorhombic
- Color: Vivid green, ranging from yellowish-green to olive green; the shade is determined by the iron content
- Hardness (Mohs Scale): 6.5–7
- Refractive Index: 1.65–1.70
- Specific Gravity: 3.30–4.60
- Transparency: Transparent to translucent
- Luster: Vitreous (glassy)
- Inclusions: Commonly contains small inclusions, often described as "horsetail" inclusions that resemble the tail of a horse
These properties contribute to peridot’s unique appearance and make it a distinctive gemstone in the world of jewelry. Its refractive index and glassy luster give it a lively and luminous quality, while its inclusions can add character to the stone. High-quality peridot stones are those that display strong color, minimal inclusions, and excellent clarity.
Peridot is often cut in traditional shapes such as round, oval, and cushion to enhance its color and brilliance. Because of its relatively high refractive index, the gemstone can display a noticeable glow when cut properly, making it an attractive choice for various types of jewelry, including rings, pendants, and earrings.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Peridot has long been associated with positive energy, renewal, and protection. In ancient times, it was believed to have the power to ward off nightmares and evil spirits, making it a popular gemstone for those seeking spiritual protection. Its luminous green color was also linked to the sun, symbolizing vitality, energy, and the power to dispel darkness.
In medieval Europe, peridot was considered a gemstone of prosperity and was often used in amulets and talismans to attract wealth and success. This association with prosperity and good fortune has continued into modern times, making peridot a popular choice for those seeking to attract positive change and new beginnings.
Peridot is also believed to have healing properties in some metaphysical traditions. It is said to promote emotional healing and to help the wearer overcome negative emotions such as anger and jealousy. It is also associated with heart chakra activation, promoting compassion and emotional balance.
These beliefs, though rooted in ancient traditions, have contributed to the gemstone’s enduring popularity and its continued use in both jewelry and crystal healing practices.
Care and Maintenance
Due to its moderate hardness (6.5–7 on the Mohs scale), peridot requires careful handling to avoid scratches and damage. While it is durable enough for everyday wear, it is best suited for jewelry that is not subjected to heavy impact, such as rings that are worn on a daily basis.
To clean peridot, it is recommended to use a soft cloth and mild soapy water. Ultrasonic cleaners can be used with caution, but it is best to avoid them if the gemstone has inclusions or is set in a delicate setting. Steam cleaning is not recommended for peridot.
When storing peridot, it should be kept in a soft pouch or a jewelry box to prevent it from coming into contact with harder gemstones that could scratch its surface. Exposure to harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures should also be avoided, as these can affect the gemstone’s color and clarity over time.
With proper care and maintenance, peridot can be enjoyed for generations. Its vibrant color and symbolic significance make it a cherished gemstone for those born on August 28th and for anyone who wishes to embrace its positive energy and protective qualities.
Conclusion
Peridot, the August 28th birthstone, is a gemstone of remarkable beauty, historical significance, and enduring symbolism. Its vibrant green color, formed by the presence of iron, makes it one of the most distinctive gemstones in the world. From its ancient origins in Egypt to its modern use in jewelry and crystal healing, peridot continues to captivate and inspire.
Its geological properties, including its formation in volcanic rocks and its unique chemical composition, contribute to its unique characteristics and appeal. The availability of peridot from multiple sources ensures that it remains accessible to gemstone collectors and jewelry designers alike.
Peridot’s symbolic meaning, associated with renewal, growth, and prosperity, makes it a meaningful choice for those seeking to embrace new beginnings and positive change. Its protective qualities and association with the sun further enhance its significance as a birthstone.
With proper care and maintenance, peridot can be enjoyed for generations as a beautiful and meaningful gemstone. Whether worn as a piece of jewelry or used in crystal healing practices, peridot’s timeless allure and enduring symbolism continue to captivate and inspire.