Spinel, a gemstone of remarkable brilliance and color, has recently been elevated to the prestigious status of an August birthstone. Once mistaken for ruby and cherished by royalty under the name “balas ruby,” spinel now stands as a symbol of revitalization and self-confidence. This article explores the history, gemological properties, cultural significance, and practical care of spinel, based on the latest information from authoritative and commercial sources.
Introduction
Spinel, once a misunderstood gemstone, has gained recognition as one of the three birthstones for August, alongside peridot and sardonyx. Known for its vibrant colors, especially in rich reds and pastel shades, spinel is both durable and versatile in jewelry design. Its historical significance, coupled with its modern resurgence in popularity, makes it a compelling subject for gemstone enthusiasts and jewelry lovers alike.
This article will delve into the origins of spinel as an August birthstone, its gemological properties, and its role in symbolism and jewelry. We will also examine the sources where spinel is found, how to care for it, and its growing appeal in contemporary jewelry.
History and Lore
Spinel has a long and fascinating history that dates back to ancient times. Known in the past as “balas ruby” due to its resemblance to ruby in red hues, spinel was highly valued by royal courts and gemstone collectors. However, it was not until the late 18th century that advancements in gemology allowed scientists to distinguish spinel as a separate mineral from ruby. This clarification marked a turning point in the appreciation and classification of spinel.
The inclusion of spinel as an August birthstone is a relatively recent development. In August 2016, the American Gem Trade Association (AGTA) and Jewelers of America (JA) officially added spinel to the list of August birthstones. This decision was driven by the gemstone's growing popularity among collectors and the desire to recognize historically significant gemstones. Spinel's addition to the birthstone list reflects a modern approach to gemstone selection, acknowledging its beauty and symbolic value.
Spinel has also been associated with various myths and legends throughout history. Some cultures believe that spinel can protect against negative energies and bring good fortune. In modern gemology, spinel is often seen as a stone of hope, helping the wearer overcome stress and boosting self-esteem. These beliefs, while not scientifically proven, contribute to the gemstone’s allure and cultural significance.
Geological Formation and Sources
Spinel is a mineral that forms in a variety of geological environments, including metamorphic rocks and igneous rocks. It is typically found in areas with high heat and pressure, which contribute to the formation of its vibrant colors. The most well-known sources of spinel include Afghanistan, Myanmar (Burma), Sri Lanka, and Tanzania.
One notable source of spinel is the Umba region in Tanzania, where pastel-colored spinel, including pink and purple varieties, has been discovered. These unique colors have contributed to the gemstone’s popularity among jewelry designers and collectors. The discovery of spinel in Tanzania in the late 20th century expanded the availability of this gemstone and introduced new color options to the market.
Spinel is also found in other parts of the world, including Vietnam, India, and Madagascar. These regions have contributed to the global supply of spinel and have helped to establish its presence in the international gemstone market. The availability of spinel in various colors and qualities has made it a versatile gemstone for jewelry design.
Gemological Properties
Spinel is a gemstone that is characterized by its hardness, brilliance, and vibrant colors. On the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, spinel ranks between 8 and 8.5, making it a durable gemstone suitable for everyday wear. This hardness is comparable to that of topaz and sapphire, which are also known for their durability.
The chemical composition of spinel is magnesium aluminum oxide, with the chemical formula MgAl₂O₄. This composition contributes to its refractive index, which ranges from 1.718 to 1.735. The refractive index of spinel is relatively high, which means that the gemstone exhibits strong brilliance and fire when properly cut and polished.
Spinel is available in a wide range of colors, including red, pink, purple, orange, yellow, green, and even colorless. The most popular and valuable spinel gemstones are those with deep red and pink hues, which are often referred to as “rubellite.” These colors are caused by trace elements such as chromium and iron, which are present in the gemstone’s chemical structure.
In terms of clarity, spinel is generally free of inclusions, making it a desirable gemstone for jewelry. However, some spinel gemstones may contain small inclusions that can be visible to the naked eye. These inclusions are often considered part of the gemstone’s character and can add to its uniqueness.
Spinel is typically cut into round brilliant or cushion cuts to maximize its brilliance and fire. These cuts allow the gemstone to display its full range of colors and sparkle. The carat weight of spinel gemstones can vary widely, from small melee stones to large, statement pieces. The value of spinel is influenced by factors such as color, clarity, cut, and carat weight.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Spinel is not only valued for its beauty and durability but also for its symbolic and metaphysical properties. In gemology and crystal healing, spinel is believed to have a range of positive effects on the wearer. It is often associated with revitalization, helping individuals to overcome feelings of stress and fatigue. Spinel is also believed to enhance self-esteem and confidence, making it a popular choice for those who seek to improve their self-image.
In some cultures, spinel is considered a protective stone that can ward off negative energies and promote inner strength. This belief is rooted in the gemstone’s historical association with royalty and its use in ancient jewelry. Spinel was often worn by nobility and was believed to bring good fortune and success.
Modern gemstone enthusiasts also attribute various meanings to spinel. For example, red spinel is associated with passion and vitality, while pink spinel is linked to love and compassion. These symbolic associations have contributed to the gemstone’s popularity in jewelry design, especially for those who seek to incorporate meaningful gemstones into their collections.
While the metaphysical properties of spinel are not scientifically proven, they are an important part of its cultural and historical significance. These beliefs have helped to shape the gemstone’s image and have contributed to its growing appeal in the jewelry industry.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its high hardness and durability, spinel is a relatively easy gemstone to care for. However, like all gemstones, it requires proper maintenance to ensure its longevity and brilliance. The following are some tips for caring for spinel gemstones:
Cleaning: Spinel can be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. It is important to avoid harsh chemicals and abrasive materials, as these can damage the gemstone’s surface.
Storage: To prevent scratches and damage, spinel should be stored separately from other gemstones. A soft cloth or a jewelry box with individual compartments is ideal for storing spinel jewelry.
Wearing: While spinel is durable, it is still a natural gemstone and can be damaged if exposed to excessive force or impact. It is advisable to avoid wearing spinel jewelry during activities that may cause it to be knocked or scratched.
Professional Cleaning: For a more thorough cleaning, it is recommended to take spinel jewelry to a professional jeweler. They can use specialized equipment and techniques to clean the gemstone without causing any harm.
By following these care tips, spinel jewelry can maintain its brilliance and beauty for years to come. Proper care ensures that the gemstone remains a treasured piece of jewelry that can be enjoyed for generations.
Conclusion
Spinel is a remarkable gemstone that has recently been recognized as an official August birthstone. Its vibrant colors, durability, and symbolic significance make it a valuable addition to any jewelry collection. From its historical association with royalty to its modern role in gemology and crystal healing, spinel continues to captivate gemstone enthusiasts and jewelry lovers alike.
As a gemstone of strength and transformation, spinel embodies the qualities that make it a fitting birthstone for August. Whether worn as a symbol of revitalization or simply admired for its beauty, spinel is a gemstone that has stood the test of time. Its growing popularity in the jewelry industry reflects its enduring appeal and the appreciation for its unique qualities.
With its rich history, beautiful colors, and meaningful symbolism, spinel is a gemstone that continues to shine brightly in the world of birthstones and fine jewelry.