August is a month rich in history, warmth, and the promise of transition. Known for its association with the Roman Emperor Augustus and its significance in both Leo and Virgo zodiac signs, it is also celebrated for its unique collection of birthstones. Unlike other months that typically feature a single birthstone, August is graced with three official birthstones: peridot, spinel, and sardonyx. Each of these gems brings with it a distinct color, history, and set of symbolic meanings. This article delves into the geological, historical, and cultural significance of these three gemstones, offering insight into their properties, origins, and the reasons they have become cherished symbols for those born in August.
August brings a splendid array of birthstone choices, with peridot, spinel, and sardonyx standing out as the official selections. These gemstones not only vary in color and appearance but also in their historical and symbolic value. Peridot, with its vibrant green hues, is known as the “Gem of the Sun,” while spinel dazzles in a range of colors from deep red to vivid blue. Sardonyx, with its banded red and white layers, carries an ancient charm and protective energy. This diversity allows those born in August to choose a gem that resonates with their personality and style.
History and Lore
The history of August birthstones is as rich and varied as the gemstones themselves. Peridot, the most well-known of the three, has been treasured for thousands of years. Ancient Egyptians referred to it as the “Evening Emerald” and believed it brought protection and joy. The gem was also mistakenly identified as emerald in historical records, including the Shrine of the Three Holy Kings in Germany’s Cologne Cathedral. Some even speculate that Cleopatra’s famed emerald collection may have included peridot.
Sardonyx, on the other hand, has an even older lineage. It is considered the original August birthstone, with a history that dates back over 4,000 years. Used in ancient civilizations for its grounding and protective properties, sardonyx was often carved into amulets and seals. Its name is derived from the Greek sardonyx, meaning “red and black,” reflecting its characteristic banded appearance.
Spinel, while less historically prominent, has a fascinating story. For centuries, it was confused with ruby, especially in royal collections. It was only in the 20th century that advancements in gemology began to distinguish spinel from ruby. In 2016, spinel was officially added as an August birthstone by the American Gem Trade Association (AGTA) and Jewelers of America (JA), offering modern jewelers and consumers a vibrant and versatile alternative.
The inclusion of multiple birthstones for August reflects a broader trend in the gemstone industry to provide greater choice and variety to consumers. The addition of spinel in 2016 was a response to growing demand for alternatives to traditional stones, particularly in terms of color and affordability. Sardonyx remains a symbol of ancient tradition, while peridot continues to be a popular and widely recognized gemstone for its beauty and positive energy.
Geological Formation and Sources
The geological origins of August birthstones are as diverse as their histories. Each gemstone is formed under unique conditions and is found in specific regions around the world.
Peridot is a gem variety of the mineral olivine, formed in the Earth’s mantle and brought to the surface through volcanic activity. It is also found in meteorites, making it one of the few gemstones that originate from outer space. Major sources of peridot include Arizona in the United States, Egypt, and Burma. The Red Sea island of Topazios, where peridot was once mined, is believed to have inspired the name “topaz,” as early gemologists often mistook peridot for topaz due to its yellow-green color.
Spinel is a silicate mineral that can be found in a wide range of colors, including red, pink, orange, blue, and black. It forms in metamorphic and igneous rocks and is often found in association with corundum (ruby and sapphire). The most famous sources of spinel are in Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. Red spinel, in particular, was historically confused with ruby and was used in royal jewelry before its true identity was recognized.
Sardonyx is a type of chalcedony, a microcrystalline quartz that forms in sedimentary rocks. It is known for its alternating bands of red (from iron oxides) and white (from silica). Sardonyx is found in several parts of the world, including India, Brazil, and the United States. Ancient civilizations, such as the Egyptians and Romans, valued sardonyx for its durability and aesthetic appeal, often using it in seals, amulets, and rings.
The availability of these gemstones in various parts of the world has contributed to their global appeal. Peridot’s accessibility in multiple sources makes it a relatively affordable and widely available gemstone, while spinel’s rarity and vibrant colors make it a desirable choice for collectors. Sardonyx, with its historical significance and grounding properties, continues to be a popular choice for those who appreciate its ancient charm.
Gemological Properties
Each of the August birthstones has distinct gemological properties that contribute to their beauty and durability.
Peridot
- Color: Peridot occurs in a range of green hues, from yellow-green to deep olive-green. The color is due to the presence of iron in its chemical composition.
- Clarity: Peridot is generally transparent to translucent, with inclusions that are often visible to the naked eye.
- Cut: Common cuts include round, oval, and cushion, with the gemstone's brilliance enhanced by a well-proportioned cut.
- Carat: Peridot is available in a variety of sizes, though large, high-quality specimens are relatively rare.
- Hardness: On the Mohs scale, peridot has a hardness of 6.5 to 7, making it relatively durable but still susceptible to scratches and chips.
Spinel
- Color: Spinel is available in a wide range of colors, including red, pink, orange, blue, and black. The most sought-after color is deep red, which is highly saturated and vibrant.
- Clarity: Spinel is typically clear, with inclusions that are often minimal and do not detract from its beauty.
- Cut: Spinel is often cut into round, oval, or cushion shapes to maximize its brilliance and color.
- Carat: Spinel is available in various sizes, with large, high-quality stones being relatively rare.
- Hardness: Spinel has a hardness of 8 on the Mohs scale, making it one of the hardest of the August birthstones and highly resistant to scratches.
Sardonyx
- Color: Sardonyx is characterized by its banded appearance, with red and white layers. The red color comes from iron oxides, while the white is composed of silica.
- Clarity: Sardonyx is typically translucent to opaque, with inclusions that are often visible but not detracting from its aesthetic appeal.
- Cut: Common cuts include cabochon and oval, with the cabochon cut being particularly popular for its ability to highlight the gemstone's banding.
- Carat: Sardonyx is available in a wide range of sizes, though large, well-formed specimens are relatively rare.
- Hardness: Sardonyx has a hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, making it durable enough for everyday wear but still susceptible to scratches and chipping.
A comparison of the gemological properties of these three August birthstones is shown in the table below:
| Property | Peridot | Spinel | Sardonyx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Color | Green (yellow-green to olive) | Red, pink, orange, blue, black | Red and white banded |
| Clarity | Transparent to translucent | Typically clear | Translucent to opaque |
| Cut | Round, oval, cushion | Round, oval, cushion | Cabochon, oval |
| Carat | Varies | Varies | Varies |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 6.5 - 7 | 8 | 6.5 - 7 |
These properties make each of the August birthstones suitable for different types of jewelry and settings, allowing wearers to choose a gem that fits their personal style and needs.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
The symbolism and metaphysical beliefs associated with August birthstones reflect their historical and cultural significance. Each gemstone is believed to carry unique energies and properties that can support emotional, physical, and spiritual well-being.
Peridot is often associated with light, abundance, and renewal. It is believed to bring positivity, joy, and confidence, making it an ideal gemstone for those seeking emotional balance and personal growth. Peridot is also thought to help release negative patterns and open the heart to love and healing. In ancient times, it was worn to protect against nightmares and bring happiness and strength to the wearer.
Spinel is considered a stone of renewal, inspiration, and vitality. It is believed to help restore energy, inspire hope, and provide encouragement during difficult times. Spinel is also associated with grounding and stability, making it a powerful gemstone for those seeking to stay connected to their inner strength. Its vibrant colors are thought to reflect the energy of the sun and the warmth of summer.
Sardonyx is traditionally regarded as a protective and grounding stone. It is believed to support strength, courage, and stable relationships. Sardonyx is also associated with ancient wisdom and the ability to tell a story, making it a meaningful choice for those who value tradition and history. Its banded appearance is thought to represent the cycles of life and the importance of balance and harmony.
Wearing these gemstones close to the skin is said to amplify their energetic benefits, offering protection, emotional balance, and confidence. Whether worn as necklaces, bracelets, or rings, August birthstone jewelry is a powerful way to express one's personality and celebrate the energy of summer.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care and cleaning are essential for maintaining the beauty and longevity of August birthstone jewelry. Each gemstone has specific care requirements based on its hardness, sensitivity to heat, and susceptibility to scratches.
Peridot should be cleaned with a soft cloth and lukewarm, soapy water. It is not recommended to use ultrasonic cleaners or steamers, as these can cause damage. Peridot should also be stored separately from other gemstones to avoid scratches.
Spinel is more durable and can be cleaned with an ultrasonic cleaner or steam. However, it is still advisable to use a soft cloth and soapy water for regular cleaning. Spinel is relatively stable and can be exposed to light and heat without significant risk of damage.
Sardonyx is best cleaned with a soft cloth and lukewarm, soapy water. It should be stored separately from harder gemstones to prevent scratches. Sardonyx is relatively stable and can be exposed to light and heat without significant risk of damage.
Regardless of the gemstone, it is important to avoid exposure to harsh chemicals, abrasive materials, and extreme temperatures. Proper storage and handling will help ensure that August birthstone jewelry remains beautiful and valuable for years to come.
Conclusion
August is a month of transition and transformation, and its birthstones—peridot, spinel, and sardonyx—reflect this energy with their vibrant colors, rich histories, and powerful symbolic meanings. Peridot, with its green brilliance and uplifting energy, is a symbol of light and renewal. Spinel, in its many colors, represents vitality and inspiration. Sardonyx, with its banded appearance and ancient charm, is a grounding and protective stone.
Together, these gemstones offer a wide range of options for those born in August, allowing individuals to choose a stone that resonates with their personality and style. Whether worn as necklaces, bracelets, or rings, August birthstone jewelry is a meaningful and beautiful way to celebrate the warmth and strength of summer.
The inclusion of multiple birthstones for August reflects the evolving nature of gemstone appreciation and the desire for greater choice and variety. As the gemstone industry continues to grow and change, these August birthstones remain timeless symbols of light, strength, and connection to the natural world.