March, a month of transition and renewal, is symbolized by two distinct yet equally captivating gemstones: Aquamarine and Bloodstone. These birthstones have long been associated with protection, strength, and spiritual clarity. Though they differ in appearance and composition, both hold rich historical significance and are cherished for their unique properties. This article delves into the origins, geological makeup, symbolic meanings, and care instructions for these two March birthstones, drawing from authoritative and verified sources to provide a comprehensive overview for gemstone enthusiasts, jewelry collectors, and students of gemology.
Introduction
March is unique in that it is represented by two official birthstones: Aquamarine and Bloodstone. These gemstones, while distinct in color and composition, share a common theme of protection and well-being. Aquamarine, with its serene blue tones, has long been associated with calmness and courage, while Bloodstone, marked by its deep green and red inclusions, is revered for its strength and vitality. Both have deep roots in history and have been used in jewelry, religious artifacts, and even in healing practices.
This article explores the geological properties, cultural symbolism, historical uses, and modern relevance of Aquamarine and Bloodstone. It also provides practical information on how to care for and maintain these stones. The content is based exclusively on information from verified and authoritative sources.
History and Lore
Aquamarine
Aquamarine has been treasured for centuries, particularly among seafarers who believed it could calm the seas and protect sailors. The name Aquamarine comes from the Latin words aqua (water) and marina (sea), reflecting its clear, oceanic color. Ancient mariners carried Aquamarine stones to ensure safe passage, believing that the gem could ward off tempests and keep the wearer in harmony with the sea.
In ancient Rome, Aquamarine was associated with Beryl, a broader category that included several gemstone varieties. It was thought to offer protection in battle and litigation, and to make the wearer amiable and unconquerable. The gemstone also held a place in ceremonial and religious contexts, often used in the adornment of high priests and rulers.
One of the most famous Aquamarine specimens is the 1,298-carat rectangular step-cut stone gifted to Eleanor Roosevelt by the government of Brazil in 1936. This piece remains a symbol of the gem’s grandeur and historical significance.
Aquamarine is also a traditional gift for the 19th wedding anniversary, symbolizing enduring love and clarity of spirit.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone, also known as Heliotrope, is one of the oldest known gemstones and has been used in jewelry and amulets for thousands of years. The gemstone is a type of chalcedony (a microcrystalline variety of quartz) with deep green hues and red inclusions of iron oxide, which resemble drops of blood — hence its name.
Historically, Bloodstone was prized by warriors and soldiers for its perceived ability to boost strength and courage. Ancient cultures believed it could stop bleeding and purify the blood, which is one reason it was often used as a protective talisman in battle. In medieval Europe, Bloodstone was used in signet rings and other ornamental jewelry, and it was associated with healing and purification.
Bloodstone also appears in biblical and religious texts, where it was used in the breastplate of Aaron, the high priest in the Hebrew Bible. This connection to ancient religious practices has contributed to its enduring symbolism of purity, protection, and spiritual strength.
In modern times, Bloodstone continues to be valued not just for its historical significance but also for its metaphysical properties. It is often used in holistic healing and is believed to enhance energy, endurance, and vitality.
Geological Formation and Sources
Aquamarine
Aquamarine is a beryl mineral, which forms in igneous rock environments, particularly in granite pegmatites. The gemstone gets its blue color from trace amounts of iron within its crystal structure. The intensity of the blue varies depending on the concentration of iron and the presence of other trace elements.
The most valuable Aquamarine specimens come from Brazil, especially the Santa Maria region, known for its high-quality, large, and clean stones. Other significant sources include Madagascar, Nigeria, and the United States. Brazilian Aquamarine is particularly prized for its vibrant blue tones and clarity.
Aquamarine is known for its high durability, with a Mohs hardness of 7.5 to 8, making it suitable for everyday wear in rings, necklaces, and earrings. It is typically transparent to translucent and is often faceted to enhance its brilliance.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone is a type of chalcedony, which is a cryptocrystalline form of quartz. It is composed mainly of silicon dioxide, with the red inclusions being iron oxide (hematite). The deep green base is due to the presence of chromite or other iron-rich minerals.
The gemstone is typically found in sedimentary rock deposits, often in regions with a history of volcanic activity. Major sources of Bloodstone include India, Australia, and Brazil. Indian Bloodstone, in particular, is known for its vivid red inclusions and rich green background.
Bloodstone is generally opaque to translucent, and it is most commonly cut as a cabochon rather than being faceted. Its Mohs hardness is 6.5 to 7, making it durable enough for most jewelry applications, though it is not as tough as Aquamarine.
Gemological Properties
Aquamarine
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆ |
| Crystal System | Hexagonal |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 7.5–8 |
| Refractive Index | 1.56–1.60 |
| Specific Gravity | 2.67–2.83 |
| Color | Light to deep blue, often with a slight greenish tint |
| Transparency | Transparent to translucent |
| Luster | Vitreous (glassy) |
| Inclusions | Usually clean, with few inclusions |
| Cleavage | Perfect in one direction |
| Common Cuts | Faceted (brilliant, emerald, step) |
| Treatment | Heat treatment to enhance color is common |
Aquamarine is part of the beryl family, which also includes emerald. The gemstone is prized for its brilliance, clarity, and vibrant color, and its high hardness makes it ideal for everyday jewelry.
Bloodstone
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | SiO₂ (silicon dioxide) |
| Crystal System | Trigonal (as a form of quartz) |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 6.5–7 |
| Refractive Index | 1.48–1.53 |
| Specific Gravity | 2.60–2.64 |
| Color | Deep green with red inclusions (iron oxide) |
| Transparency | Opaque to translucent |
| Luster | Waxy to vitreous |
| Inclusions | Red specks of iron oxide resembling blood |
| Cleavage | No cleavage |
| Common Cuts | Cabochon |
| Treatment | Typically unheated and untreated |
Bloodstone is a microcrystalline form of quartz, and its characteristic red inclusions make it visually striking. The gemstone is often used in pendants, rings, and beads, especially in beaded bracelets and mala beads used in meditation practices.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Aquamarine
Aquamarine has long been associated with calmness, clarity, and communication. In ancient Egypt, it was linked to nature deities, and in Hawaiian legend, it was said to be the tears of the goddess Pele. In modern crystal healing, Aquamarine is believed to:
- Enhance communication and self-expression
- Reduce stress and promote inner peace
- Strengthen courage and clarity of thought
- Promote emotional balance and trust in the universe
It is also used in spiritual practices to open the Throat and Heart Chakras, making it a popular gemstone for healers, speakers, and those seeking emotional clarity.
Bloodstone
Bloodstone is one of the most powerful stones in the healing and protection category. Its red inclusions have been interpreted as drops of blood, leading to its association with strength, vitality, and courage. In ancient Greece and Rome, it was believed to stop bleeding and purify the blood, which is why it was used by soldiers and warriors as an amulet.
Modern metaphysical practices attribute the following properties to Bloodstone:
- Boosts energy and endurance
- Enhances physical strength and vitality
- Promotes courage and willpower
- Supports blood purification and healing
- Encourages grounding and emotional stability
It is often used in holistic healing, yoga, and meditation, especially for those dealing with physical exhaustion or emotional burnout.
Care and Cleaning
Aquamarine
Due to its high hardness (7.5–8), Aquamarine is relatively durable, but it can still be damaged by hard knocks or heat. It should be stored separately from other harder gemstones to avoid scratches.
Cleaning Aquamarine: - Use warm, soapy water and a soft brush - Avoid ultrasonic cleaners, as they can potentially damage the gem if it contains inclusions or is heat-treated - Avoid exposure to harsh chemicals, such as bleach or ammonia
Bloodstone
Bloodstone is slightly less hard than Aquamarine, with a Mohs hardness of 6.5–7, so it is more prone to chipping or scratching. Its opaque nature and lack of cleavage make it more forgiving, but it still requires careful handling.
Cleaning Bloodstone: - Use warm, soapy water and a soft brush - Avoid ultrasonic cleaners, as they can cause micro-fractures in the stone - Avoid exposure to harsh chemicals, especially if the stone is tumbled or polished
Both Aquamarine and Bloodstone should be stored in a soft cloth or padded container to prevent damage from contact with other jewelry or hard surfaces.
Conclusion
Aquamarine and Bloodstone are two of the most meaningful and versatile gemstones in the March birthstone collection. While Aquamarine brings calm, clarity, and serenity, Bloodstone is a powerful stone of strength and vitality. Both have rich historical roots and are widely used in jewelry, spiritual practices, and holistic healing.
Whether you are drawn to the oceanic beauty of Aquamarine or the dynamic energy of Bloodstone, these gems offer more than just aesthetic appeal — they carry deep symbolic meaning and spiritual significance. Understanding their properties, history, and care requirements can help you make the most of these remarkable stones and preserve their beauty for generations.