August is unique among the calendar months, boasting not one, but three recognized birthstones: peridot, spinel, and sardonyx. While peridot is often considered the primary August birthstone, the inclusion of spinel in 2016 broadened the options for those born in this summer month, each gem carrying its own distinct history, symbolism, and aesthetic appeal. This article will explore the origins, properties, and significance of these three captivating gemstones, drawing upon historical accounts and gemological understanding.
A Historical Perspective
The history of August birthstones is one of evolution. Initially, sardonyx held the sole designation for those born in August. However, the frequent visual overlap between sardonyx and peridot led to the latter’s addition as a secondary birthstone. More recently, in 2016, spinel was officially recognized, offering a contemporary choice alongside the more traditional options.
Peridot’s history stretches back millennia, with evidence of its use dating to ancient Egypt around 1500 BC. Revered as the “gem of the sun,” it was believed to possess protective qualities, warding off nightmares and bestowing confidence, health, and positive energy upon the wearer. The ancient Egyptians primarily sourced their peridot from the volcanic island of Zabargad in the Red Sea, a location that remained a significant source for centuries. Throughout the Middle Ages and into the Victorian era, peridot continued to be highly valued, adorning church altars, clerical robes, and intricate jewelry pieces.
Sardonyx also enjoys a long and storied past, particularly within ancient Greek and Roman civilizations. It was frequently employed in the creation of amulets, cameos, and seals, believed to offer strength, courage, and protection, especially in battle, and to enhance communication skills.
While spinel’s historical recognition as a specific birthstone is more recent, the gem itself has been admired for centuries. It was often mistaken for ruby or sapphire due to its similar color range and brilliance, and historically, it was often categorized with those stones.
Gemological Properties and Origins
Each of the August birthstones possesses unique gemological characteristics and originates from diverse geological settings.
Peridot is composed of olivine, a magnesium-iron silicate with the chemical formula (Mg,Fe)2SiO4. The presence of iron dictates its characteristic yellow-green hue, which can range from pale lime to a richer olive shade. Notably, peridot occurs in only one color, though the intensity varies. It is often referred to as the “evening emerald” due to its ability to sparkle under both natural and artificial light, though it is distinct from emerald in its composition and properties. Peridot is found in unusual locations, including fallen meteorites and volcanic lava flows, though most gem-quality stones are sourced from the Earth’s upper mantle and brought to the surface by volcanic activity.
Sardonyx is a variety of onyx, characterized by its reddish-brown color and distinctive white banding. It is a chalcedony, a form of microcrystalline quartz. Sardonyx is sourced from various locations, including India, Brazil, Uruguay, the United States, and Germany.
Spinel, while often confused with ruby and sapphire, is a distinct mineral species with a different crystal structure. It occurs in a wide range of colors, including red, pink, blue, and purple. Spinel is generally less expensive than rubies and sapphires, offering a vibrant alternative for those seeking colorful gemstones.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
The August birthstones are imbued with rich symbolism and metaphysical properties. Peridot is strongly associated with abundance, positivity, and good fortune. It is also traditionally given to celebrate the 16th year of marriage. Ancient Egyptians believed peridot offered protection and positive energy.
Sardonyx symbolizes strength, courage, and protection. Its historical use in amulets and seals reflects its perceived ability to empower and safeguard the wearer.
While specific metaphysical beliefs surrounding spinel are less extensively detailed in the provided sources, its vibrant colors are often associated with vitality, renewal, and inspiration.
Personality Traits and the August Birthstones
The gemstones are also linked to personality traits. Individuals born in August, and associated with peridot, are often described as optimistic, joyful, generous, positive, and warm-hearted. These traits align with the stone’s vibrant green color and association with sunlight.
Caring for Your August Birthstone
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and luster of August birthstones. While the sources do not provide detailed cleaning instructions for each stone, general guidelines can be inferred from their properties. Peridot, with a relatively softer composition, requires gentle handling and should be protected from harsh chemicals and abrasive materials. Sardonyx, being a form of quartz, is more durable but should still be cleaned with mild soap and warm water. Spinel, also relatively durable, can be cleaned similarly.
A Modern Choice of Gems
The designation of three birthstones for August provides a unique opportunity for individuals to select a gem that resonates with their personal style and preferences. The addition of spinel in 2016 reflects a modern approach to birthstone selection, acknowledging the diversity of tastes and preferences. Whether one chooses the classic green of peridot, the banded beauty of sardonyx, or the vibrant hues of spinel, each gem offers a captivating connection to history, symbolism, and the natural world.
Conclusion
The August birthstones – peridot, spinel, and sardonyx – represent a fascinating blend of history, geology, and symbolism. From the ancient Egyptians’ reverence for peridot as the “gem of the sun” to the modern recognition of spinel as a vibrant alternative, these gemstones continue to captivate and inspire. The unique distinction of having three birthstones allows those born in August to choose a gem that truly reflects their personality and resonates with their individual spirit.