December is unique among the months, boasting not one, but five recognized birthstones: blue zircon, blue topaz, tanzanite, turquoise, and lapis lazuli. Each of these gems carries its own distinct history, symbolism, and allure, offering a diverse range of choices for those born in the final month of the year. From ancient origins to modern appeal, these stones reflect a rich tapestry of cultural significance and geological wonder.
A History Intertwined with Tradition
The tradition of associating specific gemstones with each month dates back to ancient times, with roots in biblical texts and early cultural practices. Many birthstone lists are based on gemstones featured in Aaron’s breastplate or the foundation of New Jerusalem as described in the Bible. However, the selection of December’s birthstones has evolved over time, expanding to include multiple options to cater to varying tastes and availability. The practice of wearing gemstones for their perceived benefits isn’t a recent trend; it’s a custom deeply embedded in medieval history, where gems were believed to bestow blessings upon their wearers.
Traditionally, turquoise and zircon have been considered the primary birthstones for December, their blue hues mirroring the chill of winter. However, the addition of blue topaz and tanzanite in more recent times has broadened the selection, offering a wider spectrum of color and price points. Lapis lazuli, while also considered a traditional stone, adds a deep azure tone to the December palette.
Geological Origins and Sources
The origins of these December birthstones are as varied as the stones themselves. Turquoise, one of the oldest known birthstones, has been cherished by civilizations for millennia. Its sources are geographically diverse, with significant deposits found in regions inhabited by Native American tribes in the southwestern United States, as well as in Egypt, where it adorned the burial mask of King Tut.
Zircon, celebrated as one of the oldest minerals on Earth, is found in various locations worldwide. Blue topaz, a popular choice for its serene color, is often sourced from Brazil, Nigeria, and Sri Lanka. Tanzanite, however, is exceptionally rare, found exclusively in a small area near Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. This limited source contributes to its high value and desirability. Lapis lazuli, known for its deep blue color, is primarily sourced from Afghanistan, though deposits are also found in other regions.
Gemological Properties: A Spectrum of Brilliance
Each December birthstone possesses unique gemological properties that contribute to its beauty and appeal.
Zircon is prized for its brilliant fire and a rainbow of colors, though the blue variety is most commonly associated with December. Topaz, particularly the blue variety, is known for its clarity and calming hues. Tanzanite stands out for its unique pleochroism, displaying different colors depending on the viewing angle – typically blue, violet, and burgundy. Turquoise is an opaque gemstone, its color ranging from sky blue to greenish-blue, often with matrix patterns. Lapis Lazuli is also opaque, characterized by its intense deep blue color, often flecked with golden pyrite inclusions.
While a detailed table of gemological properties isn’t available within the provided sources, the stones vary significantly in hardness and composition. This impacts their care and durability, as discussed later.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, each of these December birthstones has been imbued with symbolic meaning and metaphysical properties. Turquoise, revered for centuries across various cultures, is often seen as a talisman for protection and a symbol of good fortune. It is believed to instill inner calm and foster creativity.
Lapis lazuli, with its deep azure tones, has long been associated with wisdom and royalty. Ancient civilizations considered it a stone of truth and enlightenment, believed to enhance intellectual abilities. Zircon is celebrated for its brilliance and is thought to promote prosperity and wisdom. Blue topaz is associated with serenity and communication, while tanzanite is believed to enhance intuition and spiritual awareness.
These stones are more than just beautiful adornments; they are believed to connect wearers to historical and cultural narratives, enhancing both their aesthetic appeal and personal meaning.
Care and Cleaning: Preserving the Brilliance
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and vibrancy of December birthstones. While specific care instructions vary depending on the stone, some general guidelines apply.
Given the varying hardness of these stones, avoiding harsh chemicals and abrasive cleaners is crucial. Gentle cleaning with warm, soapy water and a soft cloth is generally recommended. Turquoise, being a relatively soft stone, requires particularly gentle handling to avoid scratches. Zircon and topaz, being harder, are more durable but still susceptible to damage from impacts. Tanzanite, due to its sensitivity to heat, should not be exposed to sudden temperature changes. Lapis lazuli, while durable, can be affected by prolonged exposure to sunlight.
By following these simple care instructions, owners can ensure their December birthstones remain beautiful for years to come.
Choosing the Right December Birthstone
With five distinct options available, selecting the perfect December birthstone can be a personal journey. The choice may be guided by the gem that reflects one’s personality, the stone one feels most connected to, or simply the gem that is most aesthetically pleasing. The variety in color, price, and personal meaning ensures that there is a December birthstone to suit every taste and preference.
The availability of these stones also varies. Tanzanite, due to its limited source, is often more expensive than other options. Turquoise, while readily available, can vary significantly in quality and price depending on the source and matrix patterns. Zircon and topaz offer a balance of affordability and beauty, while lapis lazuli provides a unique and striking aesthetic.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones—zircon, topaz, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and turquoise—offer a rich mix of history and symbolism, making each unique for those born in this month. These stones are more than just beautiful; they reflect the wearer's personality and bring a variety of cultural significances. When choosing between these gemstones, December’s stones stand out with their vibrant colors and deep cultural roots, providing a distinct way to express individuality. Purchasing these gemstones requires careful research and consultation with experts to ensure quality and authenticity. Their unique traits demand thoughtful handling and care to maintain their beauty over time.