December boasts a unique distinction among the months: it is celebrated with not one, but three captivating birthstones – Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Zircon. Each gemstone carries a rich history, distinct symbolism, and a captivating beauty, offering a diverse range of options for those seeking a meaningful connection to their December birthstone. This article will explore the origins, properties, and significance of these three remarkable gems, drawing upon available knowledge to provide a comprehensive overview.
A Historical Tapestry
The history of these December birthstones spans millennia and continents. Turquoise, perhaps the oldest of the three, has been prized for thousands of years. Ancient Egyptians adorned themselves with it, even incorporating it into the burial mask of King Tut. In Asia, Turquoise was skillfully carved into intricate designs, while Native American cultures, particularly those of the southwestern United States, held it in high regard for its ceremonial and mystical importance. It was long associated with friendship, good fortune, health, protection, and peace, making it a treasured gift and amulet. The name “Turquoise” itself originates from the French phrase “pierre tourques,” meaning “Turkish stone,” reflecting its historical trade route.
Tanzanite, in contrast, is a relatively recent discovery. While the mineral zoisite was identified in 1962, the primary source of this vibrant gem – the Merelani Hills of northern Tanzania – wasn’t located until 1967. It was subsequently named Tanzanite in honor of its country of origin. Tiffany & Co. recognized its potential and launched a major advertising campaign in 1968, quickly establishing Tanzanite as a sought-after gemstone. Today, it also marks the 24th wedding anniversary.
Zircon’s history is less detailed within the provided sources, but its rainbow varieties suggest a long-standing appreciation for its diverse colors.
Geological Origins and Sources
The geological origins of these stones are as varied as their histories. Tanzanite is uniquely sourced, found exclusively in the Merelani Hills of northern Tanzania. The mining operations in this region are extensive, with workers recovering the gem from mines dug over 100 meters deep, set against the backdrop of Mount Kilimanjaro.
Turquoise, however, is found in various locations globally, though the sources are not detailed in the provided materials beyond its historical association with the southwestern United States and ancient Egypt.
The sources do not provide specific details regarding the geological formation or mining locations of Zircon.
Gemological Properties
Each of these December birthstones possesses unique gemological properties. Tanzanite, a variety of the mineral zoisite, is known for its vivid colors, ranging from a rich blue to violet. The most valuable Tanzanite exhibits a pure, saturated blue hue. It is often described as “velvety” due to its clarity and potential for large cut stones. A fascinating characteristic of Tanzanite is pleochroism, meaning it displays different colors when viewed from different angles, showcasing shades of blue, violet, and red.
Turquoise is a semi-translucent to opaque gem, displaying colors ranging from blue to green. A defining feature of Turquoise is the presence of matrix – remnants of the rock in which it formed – often visible as veins running through the stone.
The provided sources do not detail the gemological properties of Zircon beyond its existence in a “rainbow of varieties,” suggesting a diverse range of colors.
Here's a table summarizing the available gemological information:
| Gemstone | Color Range | Transparency | Notable Features |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tanzanite | Blue to Violet | Transparent | Pleochroism, "Velvety" appearance |
| Turquoise | Blue to Green | Semi-translucent to Opaque | Matrix inclusions |
| Zircon | Rainbow of Varieties | Not specified | Diverse color range |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, these gemstones have been imbued with symbolic meaning and metaphysical beliefs. Turquoise has long been associated with friendship, good fortune, health, protection, and peace. Ancient beliefs suggested it could protect against falls and ward off disaster. Hindu mystics believed that viewing Turquoise after a new moon would bring wealth.
Tanzanite is believed to possess high-vibration healing energy, acting as a “manifestation magnet” and guiding individuals on a path to wisdom and consciousness. It is associated with spiritual awareness and is considered a stone of transformation.
The sources do not provide specific symbolic meanings or metaphysical beliefs associated with Zircon.
Practical Considerations and Care
While the provided sources do not offer detailed care instructions, some inferences can be made based on the gemological properties. Tanzanite’s clarity and potential for large cuts suggest it may be susceptible to scratches and should be handled with care. Turquoise, with its matrix inclusions, may be more porous and require gentle cleaning.
Conclusion
The December birthstones – Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Zircon – represent a captivating blend of history, beauty, and symbolism. From the ancient origins of Turquoise to the recent discovery of Tanzanite, each gem offers a unique connection to the month of December. While Zircon remains less detailed within these sources, its diverse color range adds to the richness of the December birthstone selection. These gemstones are not merely beautiful adornments; they are tangible links to the past, imbued with cultural significance and believed to possess unique energies. They offer a diverse range of options for those seeking a meaningful and personal connection to their birthstone.