For those born in March, the distinction of having not one, but multiple birthstones is a unique one. Traditionally, aquamarine and bloodstone represent the month, offering a fascinating contrast in appearance and lore. Beyond these two primary gems, a range of other stones—ruby, emerald, jade, and crystal—are associated with March through guardian angel, zodiac, and apostle birthstone traditions. This article will delve into the history, geological origins, gemological properties, and symbolism of these March birthstones, providing a comprehensive overview for enthusiasts and those seeking to understand the significance of their birthstone.
History and Lore
The tradition of associating gemstones with specific months dates back to the 1st century AD, originating with historians attempting to connect stones mentioned in Biblical texts—specifically, the twelve stones on Aaron’s breastplate and those used in the foundations of the New Jerusalem—to the months of the year and the zodiac signs. However, accurate gem identification was not yet established, leading to some ambiguity in the early lists. The practice of wearing birthstones corresponding to one’s birth month gained popularity around the 1500s, with jewelers in Germany and Poland beginning to market birthstone jewelry.
Standardized birthstone lists emerged in the 19th century, notably with Tiffany & Co.’s publication of birthstone poems in 1870. The poem specifically attributed to March highlights bloodstone: “By her who in March was born / No gem save Bloodstone shall be worn / They will ensure her constancy / True friendship and fidelity.” This demonstrates bloodstone’s historical prominence as the sole March birthstone.
The month of March itself carries historical weight, named after Mars, the Roman god of war. It marked the resumption of military campaigns after the winter months and the return to farming and travel with the spring equinox. Ancient festivals celebrated Mars or the new year, and today, March symbolizes new beginnings, rebirth, and hope. It also holds significance as Women’s History Month, further enriching the month’s symbolism.
Aquamarine: The Gem of the Sea
Aquamarine, derived from the Latin “aqua marina” meaning “seawater,” earns its name from its soft, sea-green to sky-blue hues. Historically, aquamarine was held in almost as high regard as emerald, considered a gem of purity and often chosen for engagement rings. It was believed to bring happiness, constancy in love and marriage, and protection from conflicts. Sailors wore aquamarine, believing it would protect them from the dangers of the sea, a belief stemming from its association with Neptune, the Roman god of the sea. Engravings of Neptune’s trident were often found on these protective amulets.
Beyond its protective qualities, aquamarine was thought to defeat fears and gain control over emotions, making it a favored stone for students and those engaged in intellectual pursuits. It was believed to stimulate intellect, intuition, and imagination. As a birthstone, aquamarine is also given as a gift on the 19th wedding anniversary.
Bloodstone: A Stone of Courage and Fidelity
Bloodstone, in contrast to aquamarine’s serene hues, presents a deep forest green color speckled with crimson splashes. Historically, bloodstone was the primary, and sometimes sole, birthstone for March. The Tiffany & Co. poem of 1870 specifically designates bloodstone for those born in March, associating it with constancy, true friendship, and fidelity.
Other March Associations: Ruby, Emerald, Jade, and Crystal
While aquamarine and bloodstone are the official birthstones, other gems hold significance for those born in March based on alternative astrological and historical systems. Ruby is considered the guardian angel birthstone for all of March, believed to reconcile disagreements and strengthen bonds between friends and lovers, promoting health and mental well-being. Emerald is designated as the special apostle birthstone for the entire month, historically considered a sacred gem of intelligence, action, wealth, and service to humanity.
Jade is linked to those born between January 1 and 20, and some astrologers extend this association to Aries born between March 21, 22, and 23, attributing to it virtues of charity, goodness, and harmony. Finally, rock crystal is associated with Pisces born between March 18, 19, and 20, considered a magical gemstone linked to clarity and intuition.
Geological Formation and Sources
Aquamarine and bloodstone originate from different geological processes and are found in distinct locations. Aquamarine forms in pegmatite deposits, which are coarse-grained igneous rocks. The Brazilian state of Minas Gerais has been a significant source of aquamarine for the past two centuries, with gems found in both primary (hard rock) and secondary (weathered) pegmatite deposits. The region’s landscape is characterized by rocky hills, rivers, and scrub brush.
Information regarding the geological formation and sources of bloodstone is not provided in the sources.
Gemological Properties
Aquamarine typically exhibits transparency, while bloodstone is generally opaque. Aquamarine’s color ranges from soft sea-green to sky blue, while bloodstone displays a deep forest green with crimson inclusions. Specific gemological properties such as hardness, refractive index, and chemical formula are not detailed in the provided sources.
| Gemstone | Color | Transparency |
|---|---|---|
| Aquamarine | Sea-green to sky blue | Transparent |
| Bloodstone | Deep forest green with crimson splashes | Opaque |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Both aquamarine and bloodstone carry rich symbolism. Aquamarine represents purity, happiness, and protection, particularly for those at sea. It is believed to promote emotional control and intellectual stimulation. Bloodstone symbolizes constancy, friendship, and fidelity, historically believed to ensure these qualities in relationships. Ruby, as a guardian angel birthstone, is associated with reconciliation and improved mental state. Emerald represents intelligence, wealth, and service to humanity. Jade embodies virtues like charity and harmony, while rock crystal is linked to clarity and magical properties.
Care and Cleaning
Due to the limited information provided, specific care instructions for these gemstones cannot be detailed. However, given aquamarine’s hardness (information not provided in the sources), it is likely relatively durable and can be cleaned with warm soapy water and a soft brush. Bloodstone, being opaque, may require gentler cleaning to avoid damaging its surface.
Conclusion
The March birthstones—aquamarine and bloodstone—offer a compelling duality, representing both the tranquility of the sea and the strength of the earth. Coupled with the astrological associations of ruby, emerald, jade, and crystal, March birthdays are richly endowed with symbolic gemstones. From ancient beliefs in protection and fidelity to modern interpretations of emotional well-being and intellectual stimulation, these gems continue to hold significance for those born under the sign of Pisces and Aries, and for anyone drawn to their unique beauty and lore. The historical journey of these stones, from Biblical origins to Victorian-era poetry and contemporary jewelry, underscores their enduring appeal and cultural importance.