December is unique among the calendar months in possessing not one, but three recognized birthstones: tanzanite, zircon, and turquoise. This offers individuals born in December a choice of beautiful blue-hued gemstones, each with its own distinct history, properties, and symbolism. While the tradition of assigning specific gemstones to each month has ancient roots, the selection of these particular stones for December is relatively recent, particularly in the case of tanzanite. This article will explore the origins, characteristics, and significance of each of these December birthstones, drawing upon available information to provide a comprehensive overview.
A Trio of Blue Hues
The association of gemstones with specific months dates back to the biblical breastplate of Aaron, which contained twelve stones representing the tribes of Israel. Over time, different cultures and traditions developed their own correspondences between gemstones and months, often influenced by astrological beliefs. However, the standardization of birthstones as we know them today largely occurred in the 20th century, driven by the jewelry industry and marketing efforts. The current selection of December birthstones reflects both historical precedent and more recent discoveries, like that of tanzanite in 1967.
Tanzanite: A Modern Gem
Tanzanite is the newest addition to the December birthstone family, discovered in the Merelani Hills of Tanzania in 1967. Its name directly reflects its geographic origin, being the only place in the world where this gemstone is found. This relatively recent discovery has contributed to its growing popularity. Tanzanite is noted for its striking pleochroism, displaying different colors – blue, violet, and burgundy – depending on the viewing angle. It is generally a softer stone, being easier to scratch than many other precious gems, and therefore requires careful handling.
The symbolism attributed to tanzanite centers around its calming and soothing properties. It is often referred to as the “workaholic stone” due to its purported ability to help those who overwork to relax and de-stress. It is also believed to relieve depression and alleviate stress.
Zircon: A Stone of Many Colors
Zircon is a gemstone that occurs in a wide spectrum of colors, though the blue variety is the most commonly associated with December. It is mined in various locations, with Australia being a significant producer, accounting for 37% of the world’s zircon mining. While often confused with cubic zirconia, a synthetic diamond simulant, natural zircon is a distinct mineral with its own unique properties. Some sources note that zircon can be slightly radioactive, and is often treated and stabilized to mitigate this.
Zircon is considered a grounding stone, believed to balance dreams with reality. It is also associated with warding off negative energy and attracting happiness.
Turquoise: An Ancient Protector
Turquoise, with its distinctive opaque blue-green hue, has a long and rich history. It has been used for ornamentation and spiritual purposes for thousands of years, with evidence of its use dating back to ancient civilizations. Ancient Aztecs and Asian warriors wore turquoise into battle, believing it offered protection. Travelers and explorers also carried turquoise, believing it would light their way. In ancient Greece, amethyst was believed to protect from drunkenness.
The symbolism of turquoise is deeply rooted in its protective qualities, offering safeguarding to those who wear or carry it.
Historical Significance and Cultural Lore
The practice of attributing special properties to gemstones dates back millennia. Ancient cultures believed that gemstones possessed healing powers, offered protection, and influenced destiny. The association of birthstones with specific months likely evolved from these ancient beliefs, combined with astrological influences and the desire to personalize jewelry with meaningful symbolism. While the specific gemstones assigned to each month have varied over time and across cultures, the underlying principle of connecting gemstones with individual identities remains strong.
Gemological Properties
While a detailed gemological comparison is limited by the provided sources, some key properties can be noted:
| Gemstone | Color | Hardness (Relative) | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tanzanite | Blue, Violet | Relatively Soft | Tanzania |
| Zircon | Blue (most common), various | Moderate | Australia (significant source) |
| Turquoise | Blue-Green | Moderate | Various (historical sources not specified) |
Further detailed gemological data, such as refractive index, specific gravity, and chemical composition, are not available within the provided sources.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Each of the December birthstones carries its own unique symbolism. Tanzanite represents transformation, encouraging self-awareness and clarity. Zircon symbolizes grounding and happiness, balancing dreams with reality and warding off negativity. Turquoise embodies protection and good fortune, safeguarding its wearer on their journey. These symbolic meanings, rooted in both ancient traditions and modern interpretations, contribute to the enduring appeal of these gemstones.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its relative softness, tanzanite requires careful handling to avoid scratches. Zircon, while more durable, can still be damaged by harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners. Turquoise is also relatively soft and porous, making it susceptible to damage from chemicals, oils, and even prolonged exposure to sunlight. Gentle cleaning with mild soap and warm water is recommended for all three gemstones. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones – tanzanite, zircon, and turquoise – offer a diverse range of colors, histories, and symbolic meanings. From the recently discovered tanzanite of Tanzania to the ancient protective powers of turquoise and the grounding energy of zircon, these gemstones provide a unique connection to the month of December and the individuals born within it. Their enduring appeal lies not only in their beauty but also in the rich tapestry of lore and symbolism that surrounds them.