December boasts a unique distinction among the calendar months: it possesses not one, but three officially recognized birthstones – Turquoise, Tanzanite, and Zircon. These gemstones, each exhibiting shades of blue, reflect the cool tones of the winter season and offer a diverse range of symbolism and aesthetic appeal. While Turquoise holds the longest history as a December birthstone, Tanzanite and Zircon have gained prominence in more recent times, providing December-born individuals with a meaningful selection to choose from. This article will delve into the history, geological origins, gemological properties, and cultural significance of these three captivating gemstones.
History and Lore
Turquoise, the most traditional of the December birthstones, has a history stretching back millennia. As early as 3000 years ago, Chinese artisans were carving this opaque, blue-to-green stone, and the pharaohs of ancient Egypt adorned themselves with it, believing it possessed protective qualities. Throughout history, Turquoise has been associated with health, good fortune, and, notably, protection from physical harm. A belief originating in the 13th century held that Turquoise would shatter upon approaching disaster, safeguarding the wearer from danger, particularly falls from horses. In Apache culture, Turquoise held a particularly sacred status; shamans were considered illegitimate if they did not possess this stone, highlighting its deep spiritual connection within Native American traditions.
Tanzanite, in contrast, is a relatively recent discovery. First unearthed in Tanzania in 1967, it quickly gained recognition for its striking violet-blue shimmer, often compared to that of sapphire. Its official recognition as a December birthstone by the American Gem Trade Association came in 2002, solidifying its place among the month’s celebrated gems.
Zircon, while existing in a variety of colors, is the blue variety that is associated with December. Its history is less explicitly detailed in the provided sources, but it is noted as a budget-friendly alternative to Tanzanite.
Geological Formation and Sources
Turquoise is a semi-translucent to opaque gem, typically blue to green in color, and often characterized by the presence of matrix – remnants of the host rock within the stone. Its formation occurs in arid regions, often in the vicinity of copper deposits.
Tanzanite, uniquely, is sourced almost exclusively from Tanzania, making it one of the rarest gemstones on Earth. Its formation requires specific geological conditions found only in the Merelani Hills of northern Tanzania.
The sources for Zircon are not detailed in the provided materials, but it is noted to come in golden, red, and clear varieties in addition to blue.
Gemological Properties
The provided sources offer limited detailed gemological data. However, some key properties can be summarized:
- Turquoise: Opaque, blue to green, often with black inclusions (matrix).
- Tanzanite: Exhibits a violet-blue shimmer, often resembling sapphire.
- Zircon: Available in a rainbow of colors, with blue being a popular choice.
Further detailed gemological properties such as hardness, refractive index, and chemical composition are not provided within the sources.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Each of the December birthstones carries distinct symbolic meanings. Turquoise, steeped in ancient tradition, is associated with wisdom, protection, and good fortune. For those born under the sign of Sagittarius (November 22 – December 21), blue Turquoise is believed to provide calm and protection, particularly for those who travel frequently.
Tanzanite, representing wisdom, honor, and honesty, is particularly resonant with the energy of Capricorn (December 22 – January 19). It is believed to align one’s heart’s desires with practical considerations, aiding in fulfilling decision-making.
While less detailed in the sources, Zircon is presented as a more affordable option, offering similar aesthetic appeal to its more expensive counterparts.
Care and Cleaning
The sources do not provide specific care and cleaning instructions for these gemstones. However, given Turquoise’s relative softness and porous nature, it is generally recommended to avoid harsh chemicals and ultrasonic cleaners. Tanzanite and Zircon, being harder stones, may be more durable but still benefit from gentle cleaning with mild soap and warm water.
Zodiac Connections
The sources highlight a connection between the birthstones and zodiac signs. Blue Turquoise is considered the primary zodiac stone for Sagittarius, offering calm and protection. For Capricorns, Ruby is the primary birthstone, but Tanzanite is also strongly associated, symbolizing wisdom, honor, and honesty. Blue Zircon is presented as a budget-friendly alternative for Capricorns. Topaz is also mentioned as a favorite for Sagittarius, particularly those born in December.
December Birthstone by Day
The provided materials include a detailed listing of birthstones by day within December:
| Date | Birthstone |
|---|---|
| December 4 | Blue Topaz |
| December 5 | Tanzanite |
| December 6 | Turquoise |
| December 7 | Blue Zircon |
| December 8 | Blue Topaz |
| December 9 | Tanzanite |
| December 10 | Turquoise |
| December 11 | Blue Zircon |
| December 12 | Blue Topaz |
| December 13 | Tanzanite |
| December 14 | Turquoise |
| December 15 | Blue Zircon |
| December 16 | Blue Topaz |
| December 17 | Tanzanite |
| December 18 | Turquoise |
| December 19 | Blue Zircon |
| December 20 | Blue Topaz |
| December 21 | Tanzanite |
| December 22 | Turquoise |
| December 23 | Blue Zircon |
| December 24 | Blue Topaz |
| December 25 | Tanzanite |
| December 26 | Turquoise |
| December 27 | Blue Zircon |
| December 28 | Blue Topaz |
| December 29 | Tanzanite |
| December 30 | Turquoise |
| December 31 | Blue Zircon |
Conclusion
The December birthstones – Turquoise, Tanzanite, and Zircon – represent a captivating blend of history, rarity, and symbolism. From the ancient protective powers attributed to Turquoise to the modern elegance of Tanzanite and the versatile appeal of Zircon, these gemstones offer a meaningful connection for those born in the final month of the year. Each stone embodies unique qualities, reflecting the diverse personalities and energies of those who celebrate their birthdays in December. The choice between these three beautiful gems ultimately comes down to personal preference, offering a spectrum of color, symbolism, and aesthetic appeal.