The provided sources offer limited, yet specific, information regarding birthstones. Primarily, the data focuses on charms representing birthstones, specifically those for July and November, crafted from sterling silver and incorporating cubic zirconia. While a comprehensive overview of birthstone history and gemology is not possible with this dataset, this article will detail the available information, focusing on the November birthstone charm as described in the sources, its material composition, and related details. The sources also contain extensive bibliographic data relating to natural history publications held by the Field Museum of Natural History and the Biodiversity Library, but these are largely irrelevant to the core query of birthstones.
November Birthstone Charms: A Modern Representation
The sources highlight a “Silver pendant Birthstone November” available as a charm compatible with various bracelet types, including Pandora, Tedora, and Trollbeads. This charm is constructed from sterling silver (S925) and features a yellow cubic zirconia as the gemstone component. The charm is described as a way to “capture unforgettable moments in life” and is marketed as a gift item. The data sheet provided details the material composition: metal type is sterling silver, material is a precious metal, the charm is intended for women, the color is silver, the category is “Months,” and the style is “Bijoux.” It is also noted that all products are nickel-free and stamped with “925 Sterling Silver.” The charm measures 11mm in length and 9mm in width.
Sterling Silver: The Metal of Choice
The consistent use of sterling silver (S925) in the described charms is noteworthy. Sterling silver is an alloy of silver containing 92.5% pure silver and 7.5% other metals, usually copper. This alloy is used in jewelry due to its durability, affordability, and attractive luster. The “S925” stamp indicates the silver purity, assuring the buyer of the material’s quality. The sources do not provide information on the historical use of silver in birthstone jewelry, but it is a common practice in modern jewelry making. The nickel-free composition is a modern consideration, addressing potential allergic reactions.
Cubic Zirconia: A November Substitute?
The November birthstone charm utilizes a yellow cubic zirconia. Cubic zirconia (CZ) is a synthetic gemstone that closely resembles diamond in appearance. It is a popular diamond simulant due to its low cost, durability, and brilliance. The sources do not specify why cubic zirconia is used to represent the November birthstone. Traditionally, topaz and citrine are recognized as November birthstones. The use of CZ suggests a modern, cost-effective alternative for charm production. The color is specifically noted as “Yellow,” which aligns with the color of citrine, one of the traditional November birthstones.
Historical Context: Limited Data
The provided sources offer virtually no historical context regarding birthstones. The bulk of the data consists of bibliographic information from the Biodiversity Library, detailing a wide range of natural history publications from the 19th and 20th centuries. These publications cover topics such as botany, zoology, malacology, and ornithology, but do not directly address the history or lore of birthstones. The publications listed span various countries and authors, including works by Alphonse Trémeau de Rochebrune, Louis Bedel, Georges Révoil, Jean Crespon, Ernest Cosson, and others. While these publications represent significant contributions to natural history, they are not relevant to the topic of birthstones.
Gemological Properties: Limited to CZ and Silver
Due to the limited scope of the sources, gemological properties are restricted to those of cubic zirconia and sterling silver.
Cubic Zirconia:
- Chemical Formula: ZrO₂ (Zirconium Dioxide)
- Hardness (Mohs Scale): 8.5
- Refractive Index: 2.15 – 2.18
- Density: 5.6 – 6.0 g/cm³
- Color: Typically colorless, but can be produced in a wide range of colors, including yellow as seen in the November charm.
Sterling Silver:
- Composition: 92.5% Silver, 7.5% other metals (typically copper)
- Hardness (Mohs Scale): 2.5 – 3.0
- Density: 10.49 g/cm³
- Color: Bright white, but tarnishes over time.
A comparison of hardness on the Mohs scale demonstrates the significant difference in durability between cubic zirconia and sterling silver. CZ is considerably harder and more resistant to scratching than silver.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs: Absent from Sources
The sources do not contain any information regarding the symbolism or metaphysical beliefs associated with either November birthstones (topaz, citrine) or cubic zirconia. The charm is simply presented as a decorative item to commemorate birthdays or special moments. Traditional beliefs surrounding birthstones, such as their healing properties or astrological significance, are not mentioned.
Care and Cleaning: Silver and CZ Considerations
Based on the material composition, the following care and cleaning recommendations can be made:
- Sterling Silver: Sterling silver tarnishes when exposed to air and moisture. Regular cleaning with a silver polishing cloth will help maintain its luster. Avoid harsh chemicals and abrasive cleaners.
- Cubic Zirconia: Cubic zirconia is relatively durable, but can be scratched by harder materials. Clean with mild soap and water. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners, as they may damage the stone.
Conclusion
The provided sources offer a limited perspective on birthstones, focusing primarily on a modern representation – a sterling silver charm featuring a yellow cubic zirconia, marketed for November birthdays. While historical and gemological depth is lacking, the data provides insight into contemporary birthstone jewelry production, material choices, and consumer preferences. The use of sterling silver and cubic zirconia reflects a balance between affordability, durability, and aesthetic appeal. The absence of information regarding traditional birthstone lore and symbolism highlights the need for more comprehensive sources to fully explore the rich history and cultural significance of birthstones.