Peridot, a vibrant green gemstone, holds a prominent position as the primary birthstone for August. Revered throughout history for its perceived healing properties and captivating beauty, peridot is more than just a visually appealing gem; it boasts a unique geological origin and a rich cultural significance. This article delves into the history, geological formation, gemological properties, symbolism, and care of peridot, drawing exclusively from available sources.
History and Lore
The history of peridot stretches back millennia, with its earliest known source located on the Egyptian island of Zabargad. This island remains a historically significant source for the gemstone, and peridot is even considered the national gem of Egypt. Throughout ancient times, peridot was highly valued, and its use dates back to Roman times, where it was believed to possess healing properties, specifically to heal relationship stress, lessen anger and jealousy, and slow down the aging process.
Beyond Egypt, peridot holds a special place in Hawaiian tradition. Many believe the gemstone represents the tears of Pele, the Hawaiian volcano goddess of fire, who controls the flow of lava. This connection to volcanic activity is particularly fitting, given peridot’s unusual formation within the Earth’s mantle.
Interestingly, peridot has often been mistaken for other gemstones, most notably emerald. This misidentification persisted for centuries, highlighting the gem’s similar vibrant green hue. More recently, historical “rubies” like the Black Prince’s Ruby and the Timur Ruby, prominent in the Crown Jewels of England, were revealed to be spinel, demonstrating a historical tendency to misidentify gemstones.
Geological Formation and Sources
Peridot’s formation is remarkably unique among gemstones. Unlike many gems formed in the Earth’s crust, peridot originates in the Earth’s mantle, alongside diamonds. It is brought to the surface through volcanic activity, solidifying within magma. This rare formation process contributes to its distinctive properties and relative scarcity.
While the Egyptian island of Zabargad is the oldest recorded source, the majority of the world’s peridot supply now comes from the San Carlos reservation in Arizona. An estimated 80-95% of the world’s peridot is sourced from this location. Additional sources include China, Myanmar, Pakistan, and Africa. The gemstone has also been found within meteorites, and in 2005, peridot was even discovered in comet dust brought back by the robotic space probe Stardust, further cementing its connection to the cosmos.
Gemological Properties
Peridot is a gemstone prized for its distinctive olive-green color, though shades can range from yellowish-green to brownish-green. Its color is due to the presence of iron, and it is this iron content that also contributes to its relatively soft durability.
While specific gemological data like refractive index and chemical formula are not provided in the available sources, the material is described as featuring a handset cabochon, and is often used in jewelry such as pins and brooches. Peridot is often handset with Austrian Crystals and set in 14Kt gold finished halos.
Peridot is a durable gemstone, making it a suitable choice for various jewelry pieces, including rings and everyday wear. It is often found in jewelry as a cabochon, a gemstone cut with a rounded top and a flat base.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history and across cultures, peridot has been attributed with a variety of symbolic meanings and metaphysical properties. It is considered an aid for big life changes, believed to bring forward a sense of warmth, friendliness, and protection. Some believe it can bring good luck to mothers during childbirth, treat digestive issues, allergies, and improve nutrient absorption.
More broadly, peridot is associated with harmony, good health, restful sleep, and peacefulness. In modern interpretations, particularly within spiritual communities, peridot is considered a heart-opening crystal for abundance, joy, and spiritual renewal. Dragonfly brooches featuring peridot are seen as talismans of transformation and spiritual growth, representing adaptability and the ability to navigate life’s changes with grace.
The dragonfly itself is a significant symbol, representing transformation, adaptability, and the ability to navigate life's changes with grace. Wearing peridot is believed to align individuals with their natural cycles and facilitate intention setting.
Care and Cleaning
Maintaining the beauty of peridot requires gentle care. Sterling silver settings, often used in peridot jewelry, benefit from being stored in a cozy box when not worn. Monthly cleansing under moonlight is recommended to maintain the gemstone’s spiritual sparkle. For gold-plated settings, it is advised to avoid contact with water, lotions, and perfume, and to remove the jewelry before bathing or swimming. Drying the jewelry thoroughly after any potential exposure to moisture will help preserve the finish. A simple affirmation, such as “I am grounded, calm, and clear,” or “I see through illusion and honor my lightness of being, guided by the dragonfly’s wisdom of transformation,” can be used during cleaning to enhance the gemstone’s energy.
Conclusion
Peridot, the August birthstone, is a gemstone steeped in history, geological wonder, and symbolic meaning. From its origins in the Earth’s mantle and its ties to ancient civilizations and Hawaiian mythology, to its modern associations with transformation and spiritual renewal, peridot continues to captivate and inspire. Its unique formation, vibrant color, and perceived healing properties make it a treasured gemstone for both jewelry enthusiasts and those seeking its metaphysical benefits. The enduring appeal of peridot lies in its ability to connect us to the Earth’s powerful forces and to the transformative potential within ourselves.