September boasts a unique position in the calendar of birthstones, being associated with not one, but two significant gemstones: the revered blue sapphire and the richly colored lapis lazuli. These stones correspond to the two zodiac signs that fall within the month – Virgo (August 23 – September 22) and Libra (September 23 – October 22) – each offering distinct qualities and symbolism. This article will delve into the history, geological origins, gemological properties, and cultural significance of both sapphire and lapis lazuli, exploring their connection to the September-born.
History and Lore
The tradition of assigning gemstones to specific months has evolved over time, becoming a popular practice with roots in ancient beliefs about the spiritual and mental connections between humans and the natural world. The modern tradition assigns one to three gemstones to each month, each with its own history and legends. Sapphire, in particular, has been cherished for millennia. The origin of the word ‘sapphire’ is believed to stem from the Latin sapphirus and Greek sappheiros, both meaning ‘blue’ or ‘precious stone’.
Lapis lazuli also possesses a long and storied past, having been used in jewelry and sculptures for centuries. Its deep royal blue hue has made it a prized material for artisans and royalty alike. While sapphire enjoys a more consistent association with September across various sources, lapis lazuli is frequently presented as a valuable alternative.
Geological Formation and Sources
Sapphire is a variety of the mineral corundum, which in its pure form is colorless. The captivating blue color of sapphire arises from the presence of trace elements, specifically iron and titanium, within its crystalline structure. These gemstones form in metamorphic and igneous rocks.
Sources for sapphire are geographically diverse. Historically significant deposits have been found in Kashmir, Myanmar (formerly Burma), and Sri Lanka. More contemporary sources include Australia, Thailand, Cambodia, Madagascar, the United States (Montana), and regions within Asia, Africa, Italy, Russia, Argentina, Chile, and Canada.
Lapis lazuli, unlike sapphire, is not a single mineral but a metamorphic rock composed primarily of lazurite, alongside golden pyrite flecks and white calcite veins. This unique composition contributes to its distinctive appearance.
Gemological Properties
Sapphire:
Sapphire’s defining characteristic is its color, most commonly a deep blue. However, sapphires can occur in a variety of colors, including pink, yellow, green, and white. As a variety of corundum, sapphire is renowned for its exceptional hardness, ranking 9 on the Mohs scale, making it highly durable and suitable for everyday wear.
Lapis Lazuli:
Lapis lazuli does not have a specific chemical formula as it is a rock aggregate. Its color ranges from deep royal blue to a more muted, grayish-blue, depending on the amount of lazurite present. Due to its composition, lapis lazuli is considerably softer than sapphire, with a Mohs hardness ranging from 5 to 6, requiring more careful handling.
The following table summarizes key gemological properties:
| Property | Sapphire | Lapis Lazuli |
|---|---|---|
| Mineral | Corundum | Rock Aggregate |
| Chemical Formula | Al₂O₃ | N/A |
| Color | Typically Blue | Deep Royal Blue |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 9 | 5-6 |
| Luster | Vitreous | Vitreous to Dull |
| Transparency | Transparent to Opaque | Opaque |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Sapphire has long been associated with positive attributes such as truth, sincerity, constancy, and purity of the soul. It is believed to safeguard against ill-willed energies and grant wisdom. Sapphire is also seen as a stone of manifestation, abiding faith, and an awareness of one’s soul’s true calling. Beyond its birthstone significance, sapphire is traditionally given to celebrate the 5th and 45th wedding anniversaries, with Star Sapphire reserved for the 65th.
Lapis lazuli, with its striking color, has also accumulated rich symbolism. It is often linked to wisdom, truth, and royalty. Some modern sources suggest it can promote clarity and reduce stress, though this is not widely accepted in formal gemology.
The connection between these stones and the September zodiac signs further enhances their meaning. Sapphire is particularly aligned with Virgo, complementing their wise and thoughtful nature. Lapis lazuli resonates with Libra, potentially aiding in their quest for balance and harmony.
Zodiac Associations and Enhancing Qualities
The two zodiac signs associated with September, Virgo and Libra, each benefit from the energies of these gemstones. Virgos, born between August 23 and September 22, are known for being practical, intelligent, analytical, loyal, and grounded. Sapphire is considered an ideal match for Virgo, enhancing their intuition and calming overactive thoughts. Additional gemstones suggested for Virgos include carnelian for motivation, peridot for emotional balance, and amazonite to ease perfectionism.
Libras, born between September 23 and October 22, value partnership, equality, and long-term relationships. While peridot is often cited as the primary Libra birthstone, lapis lazuli is also considered beneficial, enhancing their charming and diplomatic nature. Ametrine, citrine, labradorite, and lepidolite are also suggested to amplify Libra’s qualities.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its exceptional hardness, sapphire is relatively easy to care for. Routine cleaning can be performed with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Sapphire is durable enough for everyday wear, but it’s still advisable to avoid harsh chemicals and extreme temperature changes.
Lapis lazuli, being softer, requires more gentle handling. Cleaning should be done with a soft cloth and mild soapy water. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals, as these can damage the stone’s surface. Due to its potential for cleavage, lapis lazuli jewelry should be stored carefully to prevent scratches or impacts.
Conclusion
Sapphire and lapis lazuli stand as compelling symbols of September, each possessing a unique history, geological origin, and set of metaphysical properties. Sapphire, with its enduring hardness and vibrant blue hues, embodies truth, wisdom, and faithfulness. Lapis lazuli, with its rich color and historical significance, represents royalty, clarity, and inner strength. These gemstones, linked to the zodiac signs of Virgo and Libra, offer not only aesthetic beauty but also a deeper connection to the energies and characteristics associated with those born under the September sky. Their enduring appeal ensures their continued status as cherished birthstones and treasured additions to any gemstone collection.