September is unique among the birthstone months, possessing not one, but two recognized gemstones: the esteemed blue Sapphire and the richly colored Lapis Lazuli. Both stones share a deep blue hue, connecting them visually, yet they differ significantly in composition, origin, and lore. This article will explore the history, gemological properties, symbolism, and astrological associations of these two September birthstones, drawing upon available information to provide a comprehensive overview for enthusiasts and students of gemology.
History and Lore
The history of Sapphire stretches back millennia. The very name, derived from the Latin sapphirus and Greek sappheiros, simply meant “blue stone.” Ancient civilizations prized Sapphire for its beauty and believed it held protective powers. While today Sapphire is synonymous with blue, historically the term encompassed all varieties of the mineral corundum, including ruby (red corundum).
Lapis Lazuli also boasts a long and storied past. Used for millennia in jewelry and ornamentation, its deep blue color has been associated with royalty, power, and the heavens. Archaeological evidence suggests its use dates back to the 7th millennium BCE, with significant finds in Afghanistan, where much of the world’s finest Lapis Lazuli originates.
Both stones are linked to the zodiac signs of Virgo and Libra, reflecting the transition between late summer and early autumn. Sapphire is specifically associated with Virgo (August 23 – September 23), while Lapis Lazuli aligns with Libra (September 24 – October 23). This dual association acknowledges the overlap in birthdates and provides individuals born in late September with a choice of stones resonating with their astrological sign.
Gemological Properties
Sapphire, a variety of the mineral corundum (aluminum oxide, Al₂O₃), is renowned for its exceptional hardness, ranking 9 on the Mohs scale. This makes it exceptionally durable and suitable for everyday wear. While most commonly known for its blue hues, Sapphire occurs in a rainbow of colors, including pink, yellow, green, and white. The blue color is attributed to trace amounts of iron and titanium within the crystal structure.
Lapis Lazuli, in contrast, is not a single mineral but a metamorphic rock composed primarily of lazurite, along with calcite, pyrite, and other minerals. Its intense blue color comes from the lazurite component. Lapis Lazuli is considerably softer than Sapphire, with a Mohs hardness of 5 to 6, making it more susceptible to scratching and requiring more careful handling. The presence of pyrite often manifests as golden flecks within the stone, adding to its distinctive appearance.
Here's a comparative table summarizing key gemological properties:
| Property | Sapphire | Lapis Lazuli |
|---|---|---|
| Composition | Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) | Lazurite, Calcite, Pyrite |
| Mohs Hardness | 9 | 5-6 |
| Color | Primarily Blue, but varies | Deep Blue |
| Luster | Vitreous | Vitreous to Dull |
| Transparency | Transparent to Translucent | Opaque |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, both Sapphire and Lapis Lazuli have been imbued with symbolic meaning. Sapphire is associated with truth, sincerity, constancy, and purity of the soul. It has been believed to protect against negative energies and promote wisdom and clarity of thought. Its association with royalty further reinforces its symbolism of power and nobility. Sapphire is also traditionally given to celebrate the 5th and 45th wedding anniversaries, with Star Sapphire marking the 65th.
Lapis Lazuli, with its celestial blue color, has long been linked to the heavens and divine wisdom. Ancient Egyptians used it extensively in jewelry, amulets, and funerary objects, believing it aided in the afterlife. It was also highly valued by the Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. Lapis Lazuli is thought to enhance intuition, promote inner peace, and encourage self-awareness. Some modern sources suggest it aids in communication and self-expression, though this is not widely accepted in formal gemology.
Astrological Significance
The connection between birthstones and astrology is deeply rooted in ancient traditions. As previously mentioned, Sapphire is linked to Virgo, a sign known for its practicality, analytical skills, and attention to detail. The stone’s clarity and focus are believed to complement the Virgo personality. Lapis Lazuli, associated with Libra, resonates with the sign’s pursuit of balance, harmony, and justice. The stone’s calming energy is thought to aid Librans in maintaining equilibrium and making sound decisions.
The assignment of birthstones to zodiac signs is not a rigid system, and individuals may feel drawn to stones beyond those traditionally associated with their sign. The choice of a birthstone is ultimately a personal one, based on individual preferences and perceived energetic connection.
Care and Cleaning
Due to their differing hardness levels, Sapphire and Lapis Lazuli require different care routines. Sapphire’s exceptional durability allows for relatively easy cleaning. It can be safely cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Ultrasonic cleaners are generally safe for untreated Sapphires, but caution should be exercised with stones that have been fracture-filled or heat-treated.
Lapis Lazuli, being softer and more porous, requires more gentle handling. Avoid harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, and prolonged exposure to water. Cleaning should be done with a soft, damp cloth. Polishing with a soft cloth can help restore its luster, but avoid abrasive cleaners that could damage the surface. Due to its composition, Lapis Lazuli can be sensitive to acids.
Conclusion
September’s dual birthstones, Sapphire and Lapis Lazuli, represent a fascinating intersection of beauty, history, and symbolism. Sapphire, with its exceptional hardness and vibrant blue hues, embodies truth, wisdom, and power. Lapis Lazuli, with its rich color and celestial associations, promotes intuition, inner peace, and self-awareness. Both stones offer unique benefits to those born in September, reflecting the diverse energies of Virgo and Libra. Whether chosen for their aesthetic appeal, astrological significance, or perceived metaphysical properties, these gemstones continue to captivate and inspire.