Sapphire, a gemstone deeply embedded in history and lore, holds a prominent place as the birthstone for September. Revered for its captivating hues, particularly its classic blue, sapphire has symbolized nobility, truth, and fidelity for centuries. While commonly associated with a vibrant blue, sapphires actually occur in a spectrum of colors, though blue remains the most recognized and desired. This article will delve into the history, geological origins, gemological properties, symbolism, and care of this remarkable gemstone, drawing exclusively from available sources.
History and Lore
The association of sapphires with significant historical and religious figures dates back millennia. The earliest documented connections stem from ancient beliefs surrounding the breastplate of Aaron, as described in the Book of Exodus. This sacred garment, adorned with twelve gemstones, each representing one of the twelve tribes of Israel, laid the foundation for the eventual linking of gemstones to specific months. While the exact correspondence between the stones on the breastplate and modern birthstones wasn’t established until the 18th century, the biblical account underscores the long-held reverence for gemstones and their perceived powers.
Ancient Greeks believed that sapphires enhanced strength and provided protection against harm. This belief highlights the early perception of sapphires as possessing protective qualities, a theme that continues to resonate in various cultures. The stone’s association with nobility and royalty is also deeply rooted in history, with sapphires frequently adorning the crowns and jewelry of kings and queens.
More recently, the sapphire has become linked to Saint Bernadine of Sienna, whose feast day falls on May 20th. Necklaces featuring sapphire beads alongside a Saint Bernadine charm are available, connecting the gemstone to the saint’s patronage of advertising, lung problems, and those struggling with gambling addiction. This association demonstrates the continuing integration of gemstones into religious and devotional practices.
Geological Formation and Sources
While the provided sources do not detail the specific geological processes involved in sapphire formation, they do indicate several key locations where sapphires are sourced. Brazil, Sri Lanka, Russia, Australia, Africa, Mexico, and Pakistan are all identified as primary suppliers of topaz, and by extension, likely sources for sapphires as well, given the overlap in gemological trade.
Topaz, a related gemstone, is found in a variety of colors, including brown, red, orange, pink, sherry, yellow, and colorless, with the most valuable varieties exhibiting deep pink or crimson hues. The term "imperial topaz" specifically refers to a reddish-orange stone, commanding high prices. The sources note that green and blue topaz are often irradiated to enhance their color, suggesting a common practice in the gem trade to achieve desired hues.
Gemological Properties
The sources primarily focus on topaz, providing some comparative data. Topaz is known for its variety of colors, and is an acceptable stone for the 19th and 23rd wedding anniversaries. While specific details regarding sapphire’s chemical composition, hardness, or refractive index are absent, the discussion of topaz highlights the importance of color in gemstone valuation. The varying shades of blue topaz – Sky Blue, Swiss Blue, and London Blue – demonstrate the nuanced appreciation for color intensity within the gemological world.
The sources also touch upon the pricing of topaz, noting that large, high-quality imperial topaz can exceed $1000 per carat, while deep pink or crimson varieties can reach $3,500 per carat. This provides a general indication of the value associated with rare and desirable gemstone colors.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, birthstones have been attributed with various symbolic meanings and metaphysical properties. Sapphires, and gemstones in general, are believed to offer protection, reduce stress, and align with an individual’s zodiac sign. The concept of “cosmic colors” suggests that individuals lacking a particular color associated with their birth month can benefit from wearing the corresponding gemstone to achieve balance and harmony.
Ancient cultures believed that turquoise, the birthstone for December, warded off negative energies and brought blessings, while garnets, the birthstones for January, were thought to enhance passion and vigor. Similarly, amethysts, February’s birthstone, were revered for promoting clarity of mind and inner peace. These beliefs underscore the enduring association between gemstones and spiritual well-being.
The sources also mention numerology, which assigns numerical values to birthstones to reveal insights into personality, strengths, and weaknesses. Furthermore, the therapeutic qualities of birthstones are claimed to exist, with the belief that wearing them can aid in the physical, emotional, and spiritual release of obstructions. Hindu traditions, specifically the Ratna Pariksha text, detail connections between jewels and deities, celestial bodies, and days of the week, further illustrating the deep-rooted belief in the power of gemstones.
Care and Cleaning
The provided sources offer limited information regarding the specific care and cleaning of sapphires. However, a general instruction to visit the FAQs page for precious metal care suggests that proper maintenance is essential for preserving the beauty and longevity of sapphire jewelry. Given the gemstone’s association with durability and strength, it can be inferred that sapphires are relatively resilient, but still require careful handling and cleaning to avoid damage.
Conclusion
Sapphire, as September’s birthstone, embodies a rich history of symbolism, spiritual significance, and enduring beauty. From its ancient origins in the breastplate of Aaron to its modern-day association with strength, protection, and devotion, sapphire continues to captivate and inspire. While the provided sources offer a limited glimpse into the gemological properties of sapphire, they effectively illustrate its cultural importance and the enduring belief in its power to enhance well-being and connect individuals to the natural world. The gemstone’s vibrant hues and timeless appeal ensure its continued prominence in jewelry and as a cherished symbol of personal significance.