August boasts not one, but three recognized birthstones: peridot, sardonyx, and spinel. While peridot and sardonyx have a longer history associated with the month, spinel is the newest addition, officially gaining recognition in 2016. This captivating gemstone, often historically mistaken for ruby, presents a vibrant spectrum of colors, including intense red, vivid pink, orange, purple, violet, blue, and bluish-green, making it a compelling choice for those born in August. Its journey from being misidentified to achieving independent recognition is a fascinating tale interwoven with royal history and evolving gemological understanding.
A History of Mistaken Identity
For centuries, spinel suffered from a case of mistaken identity, frequently being confused with other, more well-known gemstones, particularly ruby. Red spinel, in particular, was often passed off as ruby, even adorning some of history’s most famous “rubies.” The Black Prince’s Ruby, a prominent feature in the British Imperial State Crown, is perhaps the most celebrated example of this misidentification. This large red stone, once believed to be a ruby, was definitively identified as spinel in the 18th century, based on its chemical distinction from ruby. Similarly, many of the “rubies” within the Iranian Crown Jewels and the Russian Imperial Crown are, in fact, spinel.
The confusion stemmed from the fact that spinel and ruby often occur in the same mining locations, making differentiation difficult before the advent of modern gemological techniques. Spinel’s cubic crystal structure, often displaying twinning, also contributed to the difficulty in distinguishing it from ruby, which is dichroic, exhibiting different hues when viewed from different angles. Spinel, conversely, tends to display a consistent color throughout the stone. As Edward Henry Kraus notes, spinel has been called “mother of ruby” due to this long-standing association.
Geological Formation and Sources
Spinel is found in a variety of geological settings, sourced from locations across the globe. Major producing countries include Tajikistan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Tanzania, and Pakistan. Myanmar is particularly renowned for producing spinel with arresting colors, especially hot pink and red varieties. Sri Lanka yields spinel in a range of hues – blue, pink, and purple – primarily found in the rolling hills of the Central Highlands and river gravels of the Ratnapura District.
Northern Vietnam’s Luc Yen region is another significant source, producing spinel in deep red, purple, pink, vivid blue, violet, and violet-blue shades. More recently, in 2007, pinkish and orangy-red spinel was discovered in Tanzania, adding to the gemstone’s global distribution. India is a major producer of sardonyx, a banded chalcedony that shares birthstone status with spinel and peridot for August. Other sardonyx sources include Brazil, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Madagascar, Uruguay, and the United States.
Gemological Properties
Spinel’s name originates from the Latin word “spina,” meaning “thorn,” a reference to its crystal shape. While it can occur in a wide range of colors, red spinel is particularly prized. Beyond red, spinel varieties are known by industry-specific names: rubicelle (yellow-orange), almandine (purple), sapphirine (blue), and chlorospinel (green).
The gem exhibits interesting distinctions from other gems, notably its magnetic properties. Lodestone, a variety of spinel, is highly magnetic and historically used for magnetizing compass needles for navigation. Legend even suggests Cleopatra utilized lodestone, believing it would maintain a youthful appearance.
While the provided sources do not detail specific refractive indices or hardness values, they highlight spinel’s unique characteristics and its distinction from ruby and sapphire.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, spinel has been attributed with various symbolic meanings and metaphysical properties. Vivid red spinel is believed to encourage harmony and symbolize vitality. Red spinel has also been traditionally considered a remedy for blood loss and inflammatory diseases.
Modern interpretations suggest that spinel possesses refreshing properties, renewing energy and fostering perseverance. It is believed to instill humility in those who achieve success after overcoming challenges. The “stone of immortality” moniker further enhances its reputation for positive energy and enduring strength.
Varieties and Benefits
Different colors of spinel are associated with different properties and benefits. Beyond the general vitality linked to red spinel, specific hues are believed to offer unique advantages. The sources mention that red spinel is linked to the heart, mirroring associations with other blood-colored stones.
Care and Cleaning
The provided sources do not offer specific care and cleaning instructions for spinel. However, given its hardness and durability, it is likely to be relatively easy to maintain. General gemstone care practices, such as cleaning with warm soapy water and a soft brush, would likely be suitable. Avoiding harsh chemicals and ultrasonic cleaners is generally recommended for most gemstones.
The Rise to Birthstone Status
Originally, sardonyx was considered the primary August birthstone, with peridot added later. It wasn’t until 2016 that spinel officially joined the ranks of August birthstones, offering a wider range of choices for those born in this month. This addition reflects a growing appreciation for spinel’s unique beauty and historical significance, as well as a desire for alternatives to more traditional gemstones like ruby and sapphire.
Choosing Among the August Birthstones
With three distinct options – peridot, sardonyx, and spinel – August-born individuals have a diverse selection to choose from. The choice ultimately depends on personal preference and the desired symbolism. Spinel, with its vibrant colors and rich history, offers a compelling alternative for those seeking a gemstone with a unique story and a touch of royal elegance. Whether selecting a gift for a Leo or Virgo, or choosing a meaningful piece for oneself, the August birthstones provide a wealth of options.
Conclusion
Spinel’s journey from a frequently misidentified gem to a recognized August birthstone is a testament to its inherent beauty and enduring appeal. Its captivating colors, historical connections to royalty, and evolving metaphysical interpretations make it a truly remarkable gemstone. The official recognition of spinel as an August birthstone in 2016 has brought this stunning gem into the spotlight, offering a vibrant and exciting choice for those born in the eighth month of the year. Its unique properties and rich history ensure that spinel will continue to captivate gemstone enthusiasts for generations to come.